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Ejercicios+de+estequiometria+1

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INSTITUCION EDUCATIV EDUCATIVA A POPULAR DIOCESANO “Una Opción para ser persona”  CODIGO: GA-RC-11 FECHA:01-MAR09 Edición Cn!"#$d$ V%"&ión 0' GUIA PEDAGOGICA DE APLICACIÓN EN EL AULA EJERCICIOS DE ESTEQUIOMETRIA TEMA. TRANSFORMACIONES QUÍMICAS. ESTEQUIOMETRÍA. LAS REACCIONES QUÍMICAS. S%($#$ )*&!i+c,nd#$& #$& "%&.*%&!$& c""%c!$&: 1/ S% ."d*c% ."d*c% *n c$i c$i 2*3ic: 2*3ic: $/ C*$nd C*$nd #$& #$& #4c* #4c*#$& #$& &% $5"*.$n $5"*.$n $n!%ni%nd &*& .".i%d$d%&6 / C*$nd C*$nd d& #4c #4c*#$& *#$& &% ".%n ".%n 7 &*& ,!& &% "%"5$ni8$n .$"$ "$" !"$& #4c*#$& cn .".i%d$d%& di%"%n!%&6 c/ C*$nd C*$nd #$& #4c*#$& #4c*#$& 2*% " "$n $n *n #2*% d% i%# &% &%.$"$n *n$& d% !"$& 7 d$n #*5$" $ $5*$ #32*id$6 d/ C*$nd C*$nd %# ;35% ;35%n n di&*%#! di&*%#! %n %n %# $5*$ $5*$ &% *n% $ #& ,!& d% i%"" d% *n $nc#$ 7 "$ %&!"*c!*"$& "*5&$& c#" $""ón6 '/ Indic$ Indic$ c*,#%& c*,#%& &n #& #& "%$c!i< "%$c!i<& & 7 ."d*c!& d% #$ "%$cción 2*3ic$ "%."%&%n!$d$ "%."%&%n!$d$ ." #$ %c*$ción &i5*i%n!% 7 &%($#$ %n 2*4 %&!$d d% $5"%5$ción $.$"%c%n6 Zn (s) + 2 HCl (aq)  ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) $/ E# BnC# nC#' $.$"%c% di&*%#! %n $5*$  c *n &ó#id ."%ci.i!$d %n %# nd / En 2*4 2*4 %&!$d %&!$d 3&ic 3&ic &% %nc*%n %nc*%n!"$ !"$ %# id"ó5%n ."d*cid c/ C*,#%& C*,#%& &n &n #& "%$c!i<& "%$c!i<& 7 c*$#%& c*$#%& #& #& ."d*c!&  / E# ó;id ó;id d% c$#ci c$#ci &% cin$ cin$ cn cn %# $5*$ .$"$ d$" d$ " id"ó;id d% c$#ci6 C*,#%& &n #& "%$c!i<& 7 c*,#%& #& ."d*c!& E&c"ii" #$ %c*$ción 2*3ic$6 AJUSTE DE UNA ECUACCIÓN QUÍMICA. / A)*&!$ A)*&!$ #$& &i5*i%n!%& &i5*i%n!%& %c*$cin%& %c*$cin%&:: $/ CH?  O'  CO'  H'O / F%'O=  C  F%  CO' c/ H'  O' H'O d/ F%  H'SO?  F%  F%'>SO?/=  H'     / A)*&!$" A)*&!$" #$& "%$cci "%$ccin%& n%& &i5*i% &i5*i%n!%&: n!%&: $/ NH=>5/ N'>5/  H'>5/ / SO'>5/  O'>5/  SO=>5/ c/ PdC#'>$2/  HNO=>$2/ Pd>NO=/'>&/  HC#>$2/ d/ C$ >&/ >&/  H'SO? >$2/  C$SO? >$2/  H' >5/     Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq)  MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) =/ E&c"i% E&c"i% #$ #$ %c*$ció %c*$ción n 2*3ic 2*3ic$ $ c""%&.ndi%n!% $ #$ d%&c.&ición d%# ó;id d% %"c*"i >II/ &ó#id %n %"c*"i %#%%n!$# #32*id 7 ;35%n #%c*#$" 5$&%&6 ?/ E# cinc cinc %!,#ic %!,#ic "%$cci "%$ccin$ n$ cn %# %# ,cid c#"3d"ic >c#"*" d% id"ó5%n di&*%#! %n $5*$/ &%5@n #$ %c*$ción $)*&!$d$ &i5*i%n!%:  / A)*&!$ A)*&!$ #$& &i5*i%n!%& &i5*i%n!%& %c*$cin%& %c*$cin%&:: $/ C'H?  O' CO'  H'O / C=H  O'  CO'  H'O c/ C#'  O' C#'O= d/ M5  O'  M5O %/ HNO=  NH=  NH?NO= / C#'O=  H'O HC#O'       9/ 96- A)*&!$ A)*&!$ #$& #$& &i5*i%n!% &i5*i%n!%&& %c*$cin% %c*$cin%&& 2*3ic$& ." !$n!%: $/ HC HC##  C$> C$>OH OH//' C$C#'  H'O / Bn >&/ >&/  HC HC## >$2/ >$2/ BnC#' >$2/  H' >5/ c/ PC#=  H'O  H=PO=  HC#    d/ O'>5/  CO>5/ %/ N$>&/  C#'>5/  CO'>5/  N$C#>5/   10/ A)*&!$ #$& %c*$cin%& 2*3ic$& &i5*i%n!%& ." %# 4!d d% c%+ci%n!%& ind%!%"in$d&: $/ A#?C=  H'O  A#>OH/=  CH? / I'  HNO=  HIO=  NO'  H'O c/ $C#'  H'SO?  $SO?  HC#    11/ A)*&!$ #$& &i5*i%n!%& %c*$cin%& 2*3ic$& ." %# 4!d d% c%+ci%n!%& ind%!%"in$d&: $/ C$C'  H'O  C'H'  C$>OH/' / C'H'  O'  CO'  H'O c/ CS'  C#' CC#?  SC#'    1'/ A)*&!$ #$& &i5*i%n!%& %c*$cin%& 2*3ic$& ." %# 4!d d% c%+ci%n!%& ind%!%"in$d&6 $/ A#'S= >&/  H'O >#/ A# >OH/= >$2/  H'S / NH= >5/  O' >5/  NO >5/  H'O >5/ c/ JI  P>NO=/ JNO=  PI' d/ CH1'O  O'  CO'  H'O     1=/ A)*&!$ #$& &i5*i%n!%& %c*$cin%& 2*3ic$& *!i#i8$nd &i %& ."%ci& %# 4!d d% #& c%+ci%n!%& ind%!%"in$d&: $/ C#=  P?  H'  P  HC# / HC#O?  P?O10 H=PO?  C#'O c/ N$'CO=  C  N' N$CN  CO d/ Bn  SO' BnS'O?     CALCULOS ESTEQUIOMTRICOS. CALCULOS CON MASAS. 1?/ E# .$&ó +n$# %n #$ ."d*cción d%# %!$# c" cn&i&!% %n #$ "%$cción d%# ó;id d% c" >III/ cn &i#ici $ $#!$ !%.%"$!*"$: 2 C!2O" (s) + " S# (s)  $ C! (s) + " S#O2 (s) $/ C*,n!& #%& d% Si "%$ccin$n cn  #%& d% C"'O= / C*,n!& #%& d% c" %!,#ic &% "$n >161/ S#:  #%&K 10 #%&6 1/ E# c#"$! d% .!$&i JC#O= &% !i%n% ." #$ $cción d%# c#" &"% *n$  di&#*ción d% id"ó;id d% .!$&i JOH %n c$#i%n!% &%5@n #$ "%$cción: %OH + Cl2  %ClO" + %Cl + H2O $/ A)*&!$ #$ %c*$ción 2*3ic$6 / C$#c*#$ #$ c$n!id$d d% JC#O= %n # 2*% &% !i%n% $# "%$ccin$" 10 #%& d% JOH cn #$ c$n!id$d &*+ci%n!% d% C#'6 c/ C$#c*#$ #$ c$n!id$d d% c#" %n # 2*% "%$ccin$ c.#%!$%n!% cn  #%& d% id"ó;id d% .!$&i6 S#: 16 #K '6 #%&6 1/ *4 $&$ 7 c$n!id$d d% &*#*" d% c"% &% !i%n% $# $c%" "%$ccin$" ? 5 d% $8*"% cn #$ c$n!id$d $d%c*$d$ d% c"% >=6610/ S#: 191 5 7 ' #%&6 1/ E# id"ó5%n 7 %# ;35%n #%c*#$"%& "%$ccin$n %n!"% &3 .$"$ "$" $5*$6 $/ $/ E&c"i% 7 $)*&!$ #$ "%$cción6 / / C*,n!& #%& 7 5"$& d% $5*$ &% "$",n $ .$"!i" d% 100 5 d% id"ó5%n S#: 900 5 7 0 #%&6 1/ En *n "n &% ."d*c% #$ &i5*i%n!% "%$cción: i'S=  O'  i'O=  SO' $/ A)*&!$ #$ %c*$ción 2*3ic$6 / C$#c*#$ #$ $&$ d% Dió;id d% $8*"% 2*% &% !i%n% $# "%$ccin$" 1 5 d% i'S= cn #$ c$n!id$d &*+ci%n!% d% O'6 c/ C$#c*#$ #$ $&$ d% ;i5%n 2*% "%$ccin$ c.#%!$%n!% cn  # d% i'S=6  S#: =?? 5 SO' K '0 5 O'6 19/ E# $ni$c &% d%&c.n% %n ni!"ó5%n % id"ó5%n $& %n %&!$d 5$&%&6 $/ E&c"i% #$ %c*$ción d% #$ "%$cción $)*&!$d$6 / C$#c*#$ #$ c$n!id$d d% id"ó5%n 2*% &% d%&."%nd% %n #$ d%&c.&ición d%  5 d% $n3$c6 c/ C*,n!$& #4c*#$& d% id"ó5%n &% d%&."%nd%n   S#:  #%& 7 =1  10'? #4c*#$& '0/ A .$"!i" d% #$ %c*$ción $)*&!$d$ C  O'  CO'  c$#c*#$: $/ L$ $&$ 7 c$n!id$d d% ;35%n n%c%&$"i$ .$"$ "%$ccin$" cn 10 5 d% c$"n6 / L$ $&$ 7 c$n!id$d d% dió;id d% c$"n 2*% &% !%nd", %n %# c$& $n!%"i"6 c/ L$ c$n!id$d d% .$"!3c*#$& d% ;i5%n 2*% "%$ccin$n 7 d% dió;id d% c$"n 2*% &% d%&."%nd%n6 >=6611'/ S#: $/ ' 5 7 0= #%&K / = 5 d% CO' 7 0= #%& c/ 10'= .$"!ic6 '1/ C*$nd "%$ccin$ %# $5n%&i >MM5'?= */ cn %# ;35%n >M  1 */ &% ."d*c% ó;id d% $5n%&i6 $/ E&c"i% 7 $)*&!$ #$ "%$cción: / *4 $&$ 7 c$n!id$d d% ó;id &% !i%n% &i .$"!i& d% '00 5 d% $5n%&i c/ *4 $&$ 7 c$n!id$d d% ;35%n &% cn&*% %n %# c$& $n!%"i" d/ C*,n!$& #4c*#$& d% ;35%n "%$ccin$n c*$nd &% !i%n% 1 # d% ó;id S#: ==1 5 7 '= #%&K 1=1 5 7 ?11 #%&K =0'10'= #4c*#$& ''/ L$ $&.i"in$ C9HO? &% !i%n% ." "%$cción d%# ,cid &$#ic3#ic CHO? cn $n3d"id $c4!ic C?HO96 L$ %c*$ción d% #$ "%$cción %&: C&H'O" + C$H'O"  CHO$ + C2H$O2 $/ C*,n!& 5"$& d% c$d$ "%$c!i< &% n%c%&i!$n .$"$ !%n%" 0 5 d% $&.i"in$ / En 2*4 ."."ción %&!,n %&!& "%$c!i<& %n #$ %8c#$ "i5in$# S#: === 5K '== 56 '=/ L$& c$"%!$& d% ;35%n *!i#i8$d$& %n #$& %%"5%nci$& cn!i%n%n &*.%"ó;id d% .!$&i JO' %# c*$# "%$ccin$ cn %# CO' 7 %# $5*$ d%# $i"% %;$#$d d$nd ;35%n &%5@n #$ %c*$ción: %O2 (s) + H2O (g) + CO2 (g)  %HCO" (s) + O2 (g)    '?/ Si *n$ .%"&n$ cn *n$ d% %&!$& c$"%!$& %;$#$ 0 5 d% CO' ." in*! c*,n!& 5"$& d% H'O &% cn&*%n %n %di$ "$ >16''/ S#: ?6'9 56 '/ P" c*&!ión d%# 5$& .".$n >C=H/ &% "$n 1'0 #%& d% dió;id d% c$"n6 C$#c*#$ #$ $&$ d% 5$& .".$n 2*% &% n%c%&i!$6 S#: 10 56 '/ P" c*&!ión d%# 5$& .%n!$n >CH1'/ &% "$n 0 5 d% <$." d% $5*$6 C$#c*#$ #$ $&$ d% 5$& .%n!$n 2*% &% n%c%&i!$6 S#: ==61'56 E)%"cici& d% c,#c*#& %&!%2*i4!"ic& cn &#*ción C,#c*#& %&!%2*i4!"ic& cn $&$& 7 5$&%&6 '/ *%"%& !%n%"  #i!"& d% id"5%n >%did& %n C6N6/ $ci%nd "%$ccin$" i%"" %!,#ic cn $5*$ .$"$ ."d*ci" !"ió;id d% dii%"" % id"5%n #%c*#$"6 C$#c*#$ #$ $&$ d% i%"" n%c%&$"i$6 >R%&*#!$d: 1=6' 5/ '/ S% 2*%$n ? 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