Est Gest Jud Tl 45

Transcript

^@CL >0 @m Yuclrha6 Hkialihùk n`m prai`sa. Mls litulihak`s n` ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm. Iacpraelihùk n`m n`mhta6 Iu`rpa n`m n`mhta. Hn`kthbhilihùk n`m pr`sukta n`mhkiu`kt`. Ml hksp`iihùk aiumlr. N`imlrlihak`s t`sthbhilm`s. Zru`el p`rhihlm y su vlmar. Zru`el naiuc`ktlm. Zh`zls n` iakvhiihùk U@B@U@KIHLY M@DHYML^HRLY Iaksthtuihùk @splüaml, n` 54 n` nhih`cer` n` <847, iuyl ömthcl canhbhilihùk s` gl pranuihna par U`barcl n`m lrtãiuma <90, n` 54 n` s`pth`cer` n` 5:<< U`lm N`ir`ta n` <> n` s`pth`cer` n` <775, par `m qu` s` lpru`el ml M`y n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm, iuyls ömthcls canhbhilihak`s s` glk pranuihna par M`y Ardìkhil <9/5:<0, n` 0 n` aituer`, n` canhbhilihùk n` ml M`y n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm plrl `m  bartlm`ihc  bartl m`ihch`kta h`kta n` mls dlrlk dlrlktãls tãls prai` prai`slm`s slm`s y ml r`dum r`dumlihùk lihùk n` mls c`nhnls n` hkv`sthdlihùk t`ikamùdhil, y par M`y >/5::5, n` <7 n` `k`ra M`y Ardìkhil <8/<88>, n` 59 n` nhih`cer`, n` prat`iihùk l t`sth das y p`rht p`rhtas as `k ilusl iluslss irhchklm` irh chklm`ss U`lm N`ir`ta 8>7/5:<0, n` 59 n` aituer`, par `m qu` s` r`duml ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas AEF@^HRAY @xpmhilr ml `struiturl n`m suclrha iaca iakfukta n` nhmhd`kihls n` hkv`sthdlihùk qu` s` prlithilk nurlkt` ml bls ` n` hkstruiihùk n` mls ilusls par prai`nhch`kta arnhklrha  Lklmhzlr  Lklmhz lr ml hkial hkialihùk ihùk n`m prai`s p rai`saa y ml barcl barclihùk ihùk n`m n `m suclrha suc lrha Iakai`r iuìm`s sak mls litulihak`s n` ml pamhiãl funhihlm @stunhlr `k què iakshst` `m iu`rpa n`m n`mhta, ml hn`kthbhilihùk n`m  pr`sukta  pr`su kta n`mhkiu` n` mhkiu`kt` kt`  Lpr`kn`r  Lpr`kn `r `m bukiha bukihaklch`k klch`kta ta n` ml hksp`ii hks p`iihùk hùk aiumlr a iumlr..  Lklmhzlrr mls nhspa  Lklmhzl nhspashiha shihak`s k`s r`mlthvls r`m lthvls l mls n`iml n`imlrliha rlihak`s k`s t`sthbhil t`s thbhilm`s, m`s,  pru`el p`rh p`rhihlm ihlm y su vlmar, vl mar, lsã l sã iaca ia ca ml pru`el naiuc naiuc`ktlm `ktlm @m Yuclrha <. @M YPCLUHA? HKIALIHÙK N@M ZUAI@YA. MLY LI^PLIHAK@Y N@ ML ZAMHIÃL FPNHIHLM <.< @m Yuclrha Yuclrha `s `m iakfukta n` nhmhd`kihls n` hkv`sthdlihùk qu` s` prlithilk nurlkt` ml bls` n` hkstruiihùk n` mls ilusls par prai`nhch`kta arnhklrha. Y` hkhihl y s` ldatl `k `m Fuzdlna n` Hkstruiihùk y pr`plrl ml bls` n` fuhiha arlm a pm`klrha qu` s` n`slrrammlrì `k uk ùrdlka nhsthkta n`m qu` hkstruy`. @k ml M`y n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm s` uthmhzl cuigls v`i`s iaca shkùkhca n`m tèrchka ”hkstruiihùk–. @m lrt. 588 M@Irh n`bhk` `m suclrha iaca `m iakfukta n` litulihak`s `kilchklnls l pr`plrlr `m fuhiha y prlithilnls plrl lv`rhdulr y gli`r iakstlr ml p`rp`trlihùk n` mas n`mhtas iak tanls mls ihriukstlkihls qu` pu`nlk hkbmuhr `k su ilmhbhilihùk, y ml iumplehmhnln n` mas n`mhkiu`kt`s, ls`durlkna sus p`rsakls y mls r`spakslehmhnln`s p`iukhlrhls n` mas chscas. Lsã pu`s, mls lithvhnln`s plrl `m `simlr`ihch`kta n` mas g`igas n`mhithvas y ml eusil n` mas pashem`s lutar`s, iùcpmhi`s y `kiu erhnar`s, s` r`lmhzlk iakbarc` l ukl hkv`sthdlihùk abhihlm? `s n`ihr, ukl hkv`sthdlihùk nhrhdhnl par ùrdlkas `stltlm`s6 pamhiãl  funhihlm, Chkhst`rha Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, ùrdlkas furhsnhiihaklm`s. @stas litas n` hkv`sthdlihùk pu`n`k tlcehèk n`kachklrs` litas hkstruitarhas parqu` iaksthtuy`k ml hkstruiihùk a prhc`rl bls` n`m prai`sa p`klm, `kilchklnl l pr`plrlr ml bls` n`m fuhiha. Mas pan`r`s n` hkv`sthdlihùk y nhr`iihùk n`m prai`sa hkstruitarha iarr`spakn`k lm Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk `k iamlearlihùk iak ml pamhiãl funhihlm y `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm. Mls nhmhd`kihls n`m suclrha s`rìk r`s`rvlnls y ka t`knrìk ilrìit`r pöemhia glstl qu` s` lerl `m fuhiha arlm, iak mls `xi`pihak`s n`t`rchklnls `k ml M@Irh. Mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls panrìk taclr iakaihch`kta n` mls litulihak`s ` hkt`rv`khr `k tanls mls nhmhd`kihls n`m prai`nhch`kta. Ka aestlkt`, sh `m n`mhta bu`r` pöemhia, panrì `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk, l prapu`stl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, n` iulmquh`rl n` mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls a n` abhiha, n`imlrlrma, c`nhlkt` luta, tatlm a plrihlmc`kt` s`ir`ta plrl tanls mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls, par th`cpa ka sup`rhar l uk c`s iulkna r`sumt` k`i`slrha plrl6 l) `vhtlr uk rh`sda drlv` plrl ml vhnl, mhe`rtln mhe`rtln a hkt`drhnln bãshil n` atrl p`rsakl? a  e) pr`v`khr ukl shtulihùk qu` pu`nl iacprac`t`r n` barcl drlv` `m r`sumtlna n` ml hkv`sthdlihùk a n`m prai`sa. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p Yleãl qu` Iak ml `xpr`shùk ”suclrha– kas r`b`rhcas `k `m ìcehta p`klm lm iakfukta n` litulihak`s n` hkv`sthdlihùk `kilchklnls l lv`rhdulr ml p`rp`trlihùk n`m n`mhta, ml hn`kthnln y iumplehmhnln n` mas n`mhkiu`kt`s y sus r`spakslehmhnln`s. Z`ra tlcehèk ml plmlerl suclrha s` r`bh`r` l lqu`m prai`nhch`kta rìphna `k ml trlchtlihùk y `k ml n`ihshùk,  elslna `k ml shcpmhbhilihùk n` mls bls`s n`m prai`nhch`kta, y `k ml r`nuiihùk n` mas pmlzas. <:4 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Yleãl qu` @m `quhvlm`kt` l ml bls` n` suclrha `k `m prai`nhch`kta arnhklrha, s` r`iad` `k mas lrts. 44> y ss n` ml M@Irh, elfa ml n`kachklihùk n` ”nhmhd`kihls pr`vhls–, qu` sak mls litulihak`s n` lv`rhdulihùk n`m n`mhta y iacpraelihùk n`m n`mhkiu`kt` mm`vlnls l ilea `k `m prai`nhch`kta p`klm ler`vhlna <:7 @m s`ir`ta n`m suclrha n`e`rì lmzlrs` k`i`slrhlc`kt` iak lm c`kas nh`z nãls n` lkt`mlihùk l ml iakimushùk n`m suclrha. ^ana ma lkt`rhar s` `kt`kn`rì shk p`rfuhiha n` qu` `m Leadlna n`m hcputlna t`knrì, `k tana ilsa, lii`sa l mas `m`c`ktas n` mls litulihak`s qu` r`sumt`k `s`kihlm`s plrl hcpudklr ml prhvlihùk n` mhe`rtln n`m hcputlna. Aevhlc`kt`, `m s`ir`ta n`imlrlna ka lmilkzl lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm. Ml barclihùk n`m suclrha, yl `cph`i` n` abhiha, yl l hkstlkihl n` plrt`, iarr`spakn`rì l mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk par mas n`mhtas qu` s` iac`tlk n`ktra n` su plrthna a n`clrilihùk r`sp`ithvl, y `k su n`b`ita l mas n`cìs n` ml chscl ihunln a paemlihùk iulkna `k `mml gueh`r` cìs n` uka, y l pr`v`kihùk iak `mmas a par su n`m`dlihùk, l mas Fu`i`s cukhihplm`s. @stl nhspashihùk ka `s lpmhilem` l mls ilusls `kiac`knlnls `sp`ihlmc`kt` par ml M`y Ardìkhil l n`t`rchklnas ^rheuklm`s, pu`s plrl `mmls panrìk `stas kacerlr uk Fu`z hkstruitar `sp`ihlm, a lutarhzlr lm arnhklrha plrl `m s`duhch`kta n`m suclrha. @m kacerlch`kta n` Fu`z hkstruitar ökhilc`kt` panrì r`il`r `k uk Cldhstrlna n`m chsca ^rheuklm, a `k uk bukihaklrha n`m arn`k funhihlm `k lithva s`rvhiha n`mas `xhst`kt`s n`ktra n`m t`rrhtarha n` nhiga ^rheuklm. Pkl v`z n`shdklna, aerlrì iak  furhsnhiihùk praphl praphl ` hkn`p`knh`kt`. hkn`p`knh`kt`. Iulkna `m hkstruitar bu`s` uk Cldhstrlna, panrì n`m`dlr sus bukihak`s, `k ilsa n` hcpr`sihknhem` k`i`shnln, `k `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk n`m pukta nakn` glylk n` prlithilrs` mls nhmhd`kihls. Iulkna `m n`mhta bu`s`, par su klturlm`zl, n` lqu`mmas qu` samlc`kt` pu`n`k iac`t`rs` par lutarhnln`s a bukihaklrhas suf`tas l uk bu`ra sup`rhar, mas Fu`i`s n` Hkstruiihùk arnhklrhas, `k ilsas urd`kt`s, panrìk liarnlr mls c`nhnls n` pr`iluihùk k`i`slrhls plrl `vhtlr su aiumtlihùk? p`ra r`chthrìk mls nhmhd`kihls `k `m tèrchka cìs er`v` pashem`, qu` `k khkdök ilsa panrì `xi`n`r n` tr`s nãls, lm ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`, `m iulm r`samv`rì saer` ml hkialihùk n`m suclrha, y `k su nãl saer` sh gl a ka mudlr lm prai`slch`kta n` ml Lutarhnln a bukihaklrha hkiumplnas. @m Fu`z qu` hkstruyl `m suclrha prlithilrì mls nhmhd`kihls qu` m` prapush`rlk `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a iulmquh`rl n` mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls, sh ka mls iakshn`rl hköthm`s a p`rfunhihlm`s. Iaktrl `m luta n`k`dltarha n` mls nhmhd`kihls p`nhnls panrì hkt`rpak`rs` r`iursa n` lp`mlihùk, qu` s`rì lnchthna `k uk sama `b`ita plrl lkt` ml r`sp`ithvl Lunh`kihl a ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`.   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Iulkna `m Bhsilm ka `stuvh`r` `k ml chscl mailmhnln qu` `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk, `k v`z n` lp`mlr, r`iurrhrì `k qu`fl lm ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`, liacplülkna lm `b`ita t`sthcakha n` mls nhmhd`kihls suclrhlm`s qu` iaki`ptö` k`i`slrhls, iuya t`sthcakha n`e`rì blihmhtlrm` `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk y, pr`vha hkbarc` n`m chsca, liarnlrì `m ^rheuklm ma qu` `sthc` prai`n`kt`. Mls nhmhd`kihls p`nhnls y n`k`dlnls `k `m suclrha panrìk s`r prapu`stls n` ku`va `k `m fuhiha arlm. <.5 Hkialihùk n`m prai`sa Mas suclrhas pu`n`k hkhihlrs` n` abhiha, par ml ” kathihl irhchkhs–, a par n`kukihl a qu`r`mml. Yh s` hkhihlk l hkstlkihl n` plrt` sama `stlr`cas lkt` ukl plrt` barclm n`m prai`nhch`kta iulkna s` glyl hkt`rpu`sta qu`r`mml, pu`s ml n`kukihl, `k ml qu` `m n`kukihlkt` ka `s plrt`, gli` qu` `m prai`nhch`kta s` hkhih` n` abhiha. @k ml litulmhnln, `s prìithil d`k`rlmhzlnl hkhihlr mas prai`nhch`ktas c`nhlkt` ml hkialihùk n` nhmhd`kihls pr`vhls y, ukl v`z r`sumt` qu` `m g`iga n`mhithva hcpmhqu` suclrha (n`mhta ilsthdlna iak p`kl drlv`), s` nhitl `m luta n` hkialihùk, liacanìknas` ml trlchtlihùk l mls karcls d`k`rlm`s n` ml M`y n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm. N`m luta n` hkialihùk n`m suclrha s` nlrì plrt` lm Zr`shn`kt` n` ml Lunh`kihl Zravhkihlm iarr`spaknh`kt` y lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm n` ml chscl. @k mas ilsas `k qu` `m n`mhta s`l r`s`rvlna l ml qu`r`mml prhvlnl y prai`nl ml hkialihùk n`m suclrha (hkfurhls a ilmuckhls v`rthnls par `sirhta), s` nlrì plrt` sama lm Zr`shn`kt` n` ml Lunh`kihl, r`chth`kna atra lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm p`ra l mas samas `b`itas n` `stlnãsthil. Ml iacp`t`kihl iarr`spakn` l mas Fu`i`s n` Hkstruiihùk n`m mudlr nakn` s` glyl iac`thna `m g`iga n`mhithva, `stlkna lutarhzlnas plrl ml prìithil n` nhmhd`kihls pr`v`kthvls a, par n`m`dlihùk, mas Fuzdlnas n` Zlz, iakbarc` l M`y Ardìkhil n`m Zan`r Funhihlm. Hkc`nhltlc`kt` qu` mas Fu`i`s n` Hkstruiihùk a n` Zlz, `k su ilsa, tuvh`r`k kathihl n` ml p`rp`trlihùk n` uk n`mhta, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl ma paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m Bhsilm n` ml r`sp`ithvl Lunh`kihl, y nlrì, ln`cìs, plrt` lm Zr`shn`kt` n` `stl n` ml barclihùk n`m suclrha, `k r`mlihùk suihktl, subhih`kt`c`kt` `xpr`shvl n`m g`iga, n` sus ihriukstlkihls y n` su lutar, n`ktra n` mas 5 nãls shduh`kt`s lm `k qu` gueh`r`k prhkihphlna l hkstruhrm`. Mas Fu`i`s n` Zlz nlrìk iu`ktl hkc`nhltl n` ml pr`v`kihùk n` mls nhmhd`kihls lm n` Hkstruiihùk l quh`k iarr`spaknl. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p Hcpartlkt` Ml barcl n` hkialihùk n`m suclrha `s ml n`m luta, qu` r`ihe` `m kacer` n` luta n` hkialihùk n` suclrha. <:8 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Ml liihùk p`klm par n`mhta a blmtl qu` nè mudlr lm prai`nhch`kta n` abhiha ka s` `xthkdu` par ml r`kukihl n` ml p`rsakl ab`knhnl. <.9 Barclihùk n`m suclrha Ökhilc`kt` s` hkial suclrha iulkna s` shdu` `m Zrai`sa Arnhklrha? `k `m prai`nhch`kta ler`vhlna s` gleml n` nhmhd`kihls pr`vhls y `k `m prai`nhch`kta plrl `m `kfuhihlch`kta rìphna n` n`t`rchklnas n`mhtas n` nhmhd`kihls urd`kt`s. L. U`dmls d`k`rlm`s d`k`rlm`s (lrts. 95< l 950 M@Irh) l. Hkt`rv`kihùk n`m M`trlna n` ml LF a quh`k m` susthtuyl (lrt. 95< y 955 M@Irh) - Mas Fu`i`s Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk hkstruiihùk barclrìk `m `m suclrha lkt` sus M`trlnas M`trlnas n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl. Fusthihl. - @k ilsas urd`kt`s y `xtrlarnhklrhas, `xtrlarnhklrhas, blmtlkna `stas, panrìk prai`n`r iak ml hkt`rv`kihùk n` uk Katlrha a n` 5 gacer`s g acer`s eu`kas clyar`s n` `nln, qu` s`plk m``r y `sirhehr, mas iulm`s furlrìk dulrnlr bhn`mhnln y s`ir`ta. e. Ìcehta t`rrhtarhlm plrl ml prìithil n` nhmhd`kihls (lrt. 95> M@Irh) Mls nhmhd`kihls n`m suclrha qu` glylk n` prlithilrs` bu`rl n` ml ihriuksirhpihùk n`m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk a n`m tèrchka n`m Fu`z n` Zlz qu` mls arn`klr`k t`knrìk mudlr `k ml barcl qu` n`t`rchkl `m tãtuma RHHH n`m mhera H (plrl `m luxhmha funhihlm), y s`rìk r`s`rvlnls plrl tanas mas qu` ka n`elk hkt`rv`khr `k `mmls. Yhk `celrda, iulkna `m mudlr `k qu` s` gueh`r` n` prlithilr lmdukl nhmhd`kihl `stuvh`s` bu`rl n` ml furhsnhiihùk n`m Fu`z hkstruitar, p`ra `k mudlr prùxhca lm pukta `k qu` `st` s` glmmlr`, y gueh`s` p`mhdra n` n`carlr lqu`mml, panrì `f`iutlrml par sã chsca, nlkna hkc`nhlta lvhsa lm Fu`z iacp`t`kt`. i. ^h`cpa `k qu` glk n` prlithilrs` mls nhmhd`kihls. Ml hkstruiihùk iacpm`fl (lrt. 95> M@Irh) Mls nhmhd`kihls n` hkstruiihùk s` prlithilrìk nurlkt` `m pmlza cìxhca n` 2 c`s`s n`sn` ml b`igl n`m luta n` hkialihùk n`m suclrha a n` mls nhmhd`kihls pr`vhls. Ka aestlkt`, lkt`s n` ml `xphrlihùk n` `s` pmlza, `m hkstruitar l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm y pr`vhl lunh`kihl n` mls plrt`s, panrì n`imlrlr ml hkstruiihùk iacpm`fl iulkna, par ihriukstlkihls saer`v`khnls l ml hkv`sthdlihùk, `stl ka punh`rl rlzaklem`c`kt` iacpm`tlrs` `k `m pmlza `sthpumlna a iakiurrlk n` barcl saer`v`khnl lmdukls n` mls ihriukstlkihls pr`vhstls s`duhnlc`kt`. Yh ml hkstruiihùk `s n`imlrlnl iacpm`fl `m pmlza n` nurlihùk n` ml hkstruiihùk s`rì n` <7 c`s`s, qu` `m hkstruitar n` ml ilusl panrì prarradlr par hdulm pmlza a uka hkb`rhar l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm y pr`vhl lunh`kihl n` mls plrt`s. Ml samhihtun n` prùrradl n`e`rì pr`s`ktlrs` par `sirhta, lm c`kas, 9 nãls lkt`s n` ml `xphrlihùk n`m pmlza cìxhca. Iaktrl `m luta qu` n`s`sthcl ml samhihtun n` prùrradl ka ilerì r`iursa, shk p`rfuhiha n` qu` pu`nl r`pranuihrs` `stl p`thihùk `k `m cac`kta prai`slm apartuka. Y` iakshn`rlrì qu` ml hkv`sthdlihùk `s iacpm`fl iulkna6 l) r`ilhdl saer` drupas u ardlkhzlihak`s ardlkhzlihak`s irhchklm`s, irhchklm`s,  e) t`kdl par aef`ta kuc`rasas kuc`rasas g`igas pukhem`s, pukhem`s, i) hkvamuir` l drlk ilkthnln n` hkv`sthdlnas a vãithcls, n) `xhfl ml r`lmhzlihùk n` p`rhihls a n` iamlearlihak`s r`ilelnls par `m ùrdlka funhihlm qu` hcpmhqu`k hcpmhqu`k `m `xlc`k n` leuknlkt` naiuc`ktlihùk a iacpmhilnas lkìmhshs, <<:   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha `) hcpmhqu` ml r`lmhzlihùk n` litulihak`s `k `m `xtrlkf`ra, b) pr`ihs` n` ml ml r`vhshùk n` ml ml d`sthùk n` p`rsakls p`rsakls furãnhia-prhvlnls furãnhia-prhvlnls a pöemhils, a d) s` trlt` n` uk n`mhta n` t`rrarhsca. t`rrarhsca. Mas pmlzas pr`vhstas (2 a <7 c`s`s), qu`nlrìk hkt`rrucphnas6 l) `k ilsa n` liarnlrs` `m s`ir`ta s`ir`ta n` mls litulihak`s, nurlkt` ml nurlihùk nurlihùk n`m chsca, a  e) `k ilsa n` liarnlrs` liarnlrs` `m saer`s`hch`kta saer`s`hch`kta pravhshaklm pravhshaklm n` ml ilusl. Iulkna s` lmi` `m s`ir`ta a mls nhmhd`kihls s`lk r`leh`rtls, iakthkulrì ml hkv`sthdlihùk par `m th`cpa qu` r`st` glstl iacpm`tlr mas pmlzas pr`vhstas, shk p`rfuhiha n` ml pashehmhnln n` liarnlr ml prùrradl pr`vhstl. @xi`pihaklmc`kt`, lkt`s n`m trlksiursa n` mas pmlzas `stlem`ihnas a, `k su ilsa, n` ml prùrradl qu` gueh`rl shna liarnlnl, sh lsã ma samhihtl `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a lmdukl n` mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls, par iakiurrhr rlzak`s qu` ma fusthbhqu`k, `m hkstruitar, pr`vhl lunh`kihl n` mls n`cìs plrt`s, panrì bhflr uk ku`va pmlza cìxhca plrl ml bhklmhzlihùk n` ml hkstruiihùk. Iulkna `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a mls plrt`s, `k su ilsa, ka gueh`rlk g`iga usa n` ml bliumtln lkt`rhar, ka panrìk hkt`r`slr mls nhmhd`kihls n` hkv`sthdlihùk iacpm`c`ktlrhls iacpm`c`ktlrhls pr`vhstls `k mas lrts. 254 y 47: n` ml M@Irh @m fu`z iakimuhrì ml hkstruiihùk iulkna `kth`knl qu` gl iucpmhna su bhklmhnln. ^rlksiurrhna `m pmlza cìxhca a sus prùrradls, `m hkstruitar nhitlrì Luta n` iakimushùk n`m suclrha a, `k `m prai`nhch`kta ler`vhlna, ml r`samuihùk qu` prai`nl iakbarc` lm lrt. 448. Yh `m hkstruitar ka gueh`r` nhitlna lmdukl n` mls r`samuihak`s c`kihaklnls `k `st` lplrtlna, `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm hkstlrì lm fu`z qu` liu`rn` ml n`ihshùk qu` bu`rl apartukl. @k `st` ilsa, `m fu`z n` hkstruiihùk n`e`rì r`samv`r saer` ml samhihtun `k `m pmlza n` <0 nãls. Mls nhmhd`kihls n` hkv`sthdlihùk liarnlnls lkt`s n`m trlksiursa n` mas pmlzas m`dlm`s s`rìk vìmhnls, shk p`rfuhiha n` su r`i`pihùk trls ml `xphrlihùk n` mas chscas. @k khkdök ilsa `m c`ra trlksiursa n` mas pmlzas cìxhcas bhflnas `k `st` lrtãiuma nlrì mudlr lm lrighva lr ighva n` mls litulihak`s sh ka iakiurr`k mls ihriukstlkihls pr`vhstls `k mas lrts. 294 a 2>< n` ml M@Irh (saer`s`hch`kta mher` a pravhshaklm). n. Psa n` vhn`aiakb`r`kihls a shst`cls shchmlr`s (lrt. 950 M@Irh) @m fu`z, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n` plrt`, par rlzak`s n` uthmhnln, s`durhnln a n` arn`k pöemhia, lsã iaca `k lqu`mmas supu`stas `k qu` ml iacplr`i`kihl n` quh`k glyl n` hkt`rv`khr `k iulmquh`r thpa n` prai`nhch`kta prai`nhch` kta p`klm iaca hkv`sthdlna a `kiluslna, t`sthda, p`rhta, a `k atrl iaknhihùk r`sumt` plrthiumlrc`kt` drlvasl a p`rfunhihlm, panrì liarnlr qu` ml iacplr`i`kihl s` r`lmhi` l trlvès n` vhn`aiakb`r`kihl u atra shst`cl shchmlr qu` p`rchtl ml iacukhilihùk ehnhr`iihaklm y shcumtìk`l n` ml hcld`k y `m sakhna, n` liu`rna iak ma nhspu`sta `k `m lplrtlna 9 n`m lrtãiuma 558 n` ml MAZF. E. U`dmls plrthiumlr`s l. Hkt`rv`kihùk n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm (lrt. 9:2 y 9<8 M@Irh) Mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk barclrìk mas suclrhas n` mas n`mhtas pöemhias elfa ml hksp`iihùk nhr`itl n`m Bhsilm n`m ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`. Ml hksp`iihùk s`rì `f`rihnl, eh`k iaksthtuyèknas` `m Bhsilm par sã, eh`k par c`nha n` t`sthcakhas `k r`mlihùk, subhih`kt`c`kt` `xpr`shvas, qu` m` r`chthrì `m Fu`z hkstruitar p`rhùnhilc`kt` y iulktls v`i`s s` mas r`imlc`, punh`kna `k `st` ilsa `m Bhsilm gli`r pr`s`kt` sus `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <<< Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 aes`rvlihak`s `k lt`ktl iacukhilihùk y barcumlr sus pr`t`kshak`s par r`qu`rhch`ktas hdulmc`kt` lt`ktas. ^lk prakta iaca s` arn`k` ml hkialihùk n`m prai`nhch`kta plrl mls ilusls lkt` `m ^rheuklm n`m Furlna, s` paknrìk `k iakaihch`kta n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm quh`k iacplr`i`rì ` hkt`rv`knrì `k iulktls litulihak`s s` mm`v`k l ilea lkt` lqu`m. Iulkna `k mas ùrdlkas funhihlm`s `xhstlk mas c`nhas tèikhias pr`ihsas, `m bhsilm panrì hkt`rv`khr `k mls litulihak`s n` iulmquh`r prai`nhch`kta p`klm, hkimuhnl ml iacplr`i`kihl n`m lrtãiuma 0:0, _lunh`kihl pr`vhstl iulkna `m n`t`khna bu`r` pu`sta l nhspashihùk n`m fu`z n` hkstruiihùk a trheuklm qu` n`el iakai`r n` ml iluslS, c`nhlkt` vhn`aiakb`r`kihl u atra shst`cl shchmlr qu` p`rchtl ml iacukhilihùk  ehnhr`iihaklm y shcumtìk`l shcumtìk`l n` ml hcld`k hcld`k y `m sakhna. sakhna. Iulkna `m Bhsilm tuvh`r` iakaihch`kta n` ml p`rp`trlihùk n` n`mhtas qu` r`vhstlk ilrìit`r n` drlv`nln, a iuyl iacpraelihùk bu`r` nhbãihm par ihriukstlkihls `sp`ihlm`s, a qu` gueh`s`k iluslna lmlrcl, n`e`rì trlsmlnlrs` p`rsaklmc`kt` plrl iaktrheuhr iak `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk lm c`far y cìs prakta `simlr`ihch`kta n` mas g`igas, sh atrls aiuplihak`s tlkta a cìs drlv`s ka ma hcphnh`r`k, shk p`rfuhiha n` prai`n`r n` hdulm clk`rl `k iulmquh`r atra ilsa `k qu` ma iaki`ptulr` iakv`kh`kt`. e. Zrìithil n` mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls par mas Fu`i`s n` Zlz (`x. lrt. 9:4, 9<4 y 9<7 M@Ir) @k `m ilsa n` qu` `m Fu`z n` Zlz iac`kzlr` l hkstruhr mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls n`m suclrha, prlithilnls qu` s`lk mls cìs urd`kt`s y tanls mls qu` `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk m` gueh`r` pr`v`khna, m` r`chthrì ml ilusl, qu` kukil panrì r`t`k`r cìs n` 9 nãls. @m Fu`z n` Zlz t`knrì mls chscls bliumtln`s qu` `m n` hkstruiihùk plrl ka iacukhilr lm qu`r`mmlkt` plrthiumlr mls litulihak`s qu` prlithilr`. Yhk `celrda, iulkna `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk tuvh`r` kathihl n` lmdök n`mhta qu` r`vhstl ilrìit`r n` drlv`nln, a iuyl iacpraelihùk bu`r` nhbãihm par ihriukstlkihls `sp`ihlm`s, a qu` gueh`s` iluslna lmlrcl, s` trlsmlnlrì hkc`nhltlc`kt` lm mudlr n`m n`mhta y prai`n`rì l barclr `m suclrha, glihèknas` ilrda n` mls litulihak`s qu` gueh`s` prlithilna `m Fu`z n` Zlz, y r`iheh`kna r `iheh`kna mls lv`rhdulihak`s y nltas qu` m` suchkhstr`k mas bukihaklrhas n` ml Zamhiãl funhihlm. Z`rclk`i`rì `k nhiga mudlr `m th`cpa k`i`slrha plrl prlithilr tanls mls nhmhd`kihls iuyl nhmlihùk punh`rl abr`i`r hkiakv`kh`kt`s. i. Iacukhilihùk n` ml barclihùk n`m suclrha a prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls (`x. lrt. 9:7 M@Irh) Hkc`nhltlc`kt` qu` mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk tuvh`r`k kathihl n` ml p`rp`trlihùk n` uk n`mhta, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl ma paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m Bhsilm n` ml r`sp`ithvl Lunh`kihl, y nlrì, ln`cìs, plrt` lm Zr`shn`kt` n` `stl n` ml barclihùk n`m suclrha, `k r`mlihùk suihktl, subhih`kt`c`kt` `xpr`shvl n`m g`iga, n` sus ihriukstlkihls y n` su lutar, n`ktra n` mas nas nãls shduh`kt`s lm `k qu` gueh`r`k prhkihphlna l hkstruhrm`. Mas Fu`i`s n` Zlz nlrìk iu`ktl hkc`nhltl n` ml pr`v`kihùk n` mls nhmhd`kihls lm n` Hkstruiihùk l quh`k iarr`spaknl. n. Hkstruiihùk n` mas fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk `sp`ihlm`s (`x. lrt. 9:8 M@Irh) Yh ml p`rsakl iaktrl quh`k r`sumtlr`k ilrdas bu`r` lmdukl n` mls sac`thnls `k vhrtun n` nhspashihùk `sp`ihlm n` ml M`y Ardìkhil l uk ^rheuklm `xi`pihaklm, prlithilnls mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls y lkt`s n` nhrhdhr `m prai`nhch`kta iaktrl lqu`mml, `m fu`z hkstruitar r`chthnls mls nhmhd`kihls `k `m tèrchka cìs  er`v` pashem` lm ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`, qu` `k khkdök ilsa panrì `xi`n`r n` 9 nãls, `sp`rlrì mls ùrn`k`s n` `st` saer` ml hkialihùk, a ka, n`m suclrha. <<5   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Yh `m n`mhta bu`r` n` mas qu` nlk cathva l ml prhshùk pr`v`kthvl, y `m pr`sukta iumplem` gueh`s` shna sarpr`knhna «hk brldlkth¿, panrì s`r n`t`khna y pr`sa, sh bu`r` k`i`slrha, shk p`rfuhiha n` ma lkt`rharc`kt` `xpu`sta. `. Hkialihùk n`m prai`sa `k mas n`mhtas n` mas qu` n`el iakai`r `m ^rheuklm n`m Furlna (`x. lrt. 9:8 ehs M@Irh) Iulkna n` ml n`kukihl a qu`r`mml, a iulmquh`r litulihùk prai`slm, r`sumt` ml hcputlihùk n` uk n`mhta, iuya `kfuhihlch`kta v`kdl ltrheuhna lm ^rheuklm n`m Furlna, prai`n`rì `m Fu`z l ml hkialihùk n`m prai`nhch`kta pr`vhsta `k su m`y r`dumlnarl, `k `m qu`, s` paknrì hkc`nhltlc`kt` lqu`mml hcputlihùk `k iakaihch`kta n` mas pr`suktlc`kt` hkiumplnas y n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm. @m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, n`cìs plrt`s p`rsaklnls, y `m hkv`sthdlna `k tana ilsa, panrìk hkstlrma lsã, n`eh`kna `m Fu`z r`samv`r `k pmlza n` ukl lunh`kihl (nãl shduh`kt` gìehm). Yh ka ma ghih`r`, a n`s`sthclr` ml p`thihùk, mls plrt`s panrìk r`iurrhr nhr`itlc`kt` `k qu`fl lkt` ml LZ qu` r`samv`rì lkt`s n` 7 nãls, r`ilelkna `m hkbarc` n`m Hkstruitar par `m c`nha cìs rìphna. b. N`m`dlihùk `k mas Fu`i`s n` Zlz (`x. 9<: 9<: M@Irh) Mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk panrìk n`m`dlr `k mas n` Zlz ml prìithil n` tanas mas litas y nhmhd`kihls qu` ml M@Irh ka r`s`rv` `ximushvlc`kt` l mas y 9<0 M@Irh) @m Fu`z qu` hkstruyl `m suclrha prlithilrì mls nhmhd`kihls qu` m` prapush`rlk `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a iulmquh`rl n` mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls, sh ka mls iakshn`rl hköthm`s a p`rfunhihlm`s. - Iaktrl `m luta n`k`dltarha panrì panrì hkt`rpak`rs` lp`mlihùk, qu` s`rì lnchthnl `k uk sama `b`ita lkt` ml r`sp`ithvl Lunh`kihl a ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`. - Iulkna `m Bhsilm ka `stuvh`r` `stuvh`r` `k ml chscl mailmhnln mailmhnln qu` `m `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk, `k v`z v`z n` lp`mlr, r`iurrhrì `k qu`fl lm ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`, liacplülkna lm `b`ita t`sthcakha n` mls nhmhd`kihls suclrhlm`s qu` iaki`ptö` k`i`slrhls, iuya t`sthcakha n`e`rì blihmhtlrm` `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk y, pr`vha hkbarc` n`m chsca, liarnlrì `m ^rheuklm ma qu` `sthc` prai`n`kt`. Mls nhmhd`kihls p`nhnls y n`k`dlnls `k `m suclrha panrìk s`r prapu`stls n` ku`va `k `m fuhiha arlm. @m Fu`z glrì iakstlr iulktls nhmhd`kihls s` prlithilr`k l hkstlkihl n` plrt`. N` mls arn`klnls n` abhiha samlc`kt` iakstlrìk `k `m suclrha lqu`mmls iuya r`sumtlna bu`r` iaknui`kt` lm aef`ta n`m chsca. g. Hkialihùk `k vhrtun n` qu`r`mml (`x. lrt. 9<5 y 9<9 M@Irh) - Iulkna s` pr`s`ktlr` qu`r`mml, `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk, n`spuès n`spuès n` lnchthrml lnchthrml par c`nha c`nha n` luta sh bu`r` prai`n`kt`, clknlrì prlithilr mls nhmhd`kihls qu` `k `mml s` prapush`r`k, slmva mls qu` iakshn`r` iaktrlrhls l mls m`y`s, a hkk`i`slrhls a p`rfunhihlm`s plrl `m aef`ta n` ml qu`r`mml, mls iulm`s n`k`dlrì `k r`samuihùk cathvlnl. - N`s`sthc N`s`sthclrì lrì par luta ml qu`r`mml iulkna iulkna mas g`igas g`igas `k qu` s` bukn` ka ka iaksthtuylk n`mhta, n`mhta, a iulkna iulkna ka s` iakshn`r` iacp`t`kt` plrl hkstruhr `m suclrha aef`ta n` ml chscl. Iaktrl `m luta prai`n`rì `m r`iursa n` lp`mlihùk, qu` s`rì lnchshem` `k lceas `b`itas. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <<9 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 h. Hkt`rv`kihùk n`m litar ihvhm (`x. lrt. 95: 95: M@Irh) Y` mhchtlrì l praiurlr ml prìithil n` lqu`mmls nhmhd`kihls qu` pu`nlk iaknuihr lm c`far èxhta n` su liihùk, lpr`ihlnls nhsir`ihaklmc`kt` par `m Fu`z hkstruitar. <.> Mls litulihak`s litulihak`s n` ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm Y`dök `m lrtãiuma <52 I@6 ”Ml pamhiãl funhihlm n`p`kn` n` mas Fu`i`s, n` mas ^rheuklm`s y n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm `k sus bukihak`s n` lv`rhdulihùk n`m n`mhta y n`siuerhch`kta y ls`durlch`kta n`m n`mhkiu`kt`, `k mas tèrchkas qu` ml m`y `stlem`zil–. L. Iaki`pta l. Lcpmha Ml M@Irh iakth`k` ukl r`mlihùk n` quhèk`s s` `kth`kn` qu` iacpak`k ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm `k `m lrtãiuma 579 M@Irh Lsã, s`dök `m chsca, iaksthtuhrìk ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm y s`rìk luxhmhlr`s n` mas Fu`i`s y ^rheuklm`s iacp`t`kt`s `k clt`rhl p`klm y n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, qu`nlkna aemhdlnas l s`duhr mls hkstruiihak`s qu` n` lqu`mmls lutarhnln`s r`ihelk l `b`itas n` ml hkv`sthdlihùk n` mas n`mhtas y p`rs`iuihùk n` mas n`mhkiu`kt`s6 <.¶ Mls lutarhnln`s lnchkhstrlthvls `kilrdlnls n` ml s`durhnln pöemhil y n` ml p`rs`iuihùk n` tanas mas n`mhtas a n` lmdukas `sp`ihlm`s. 5.¶ Mas `cpm`lnas a suelmt`rkas n` ml pamhiãl n` s`durhnln, iulmquh`rl qu` s`l su n`kachklihùk. 9.¶ Mas Lmilmn`s, ^`kh`kt`s ^`kh`kt`s n` Lmilmn` y Lmilmn`s n` elrrha. >.¶ Mas F`b`s, Abhihlm`s ` hknhvhnuas hknhvhnuas n` ml Dulrnhl Ihvhm a n` iulmquh`r atrl bu`rzl n`sthklnl l ml p`rs`iuihùk n` clmg`igar`s. 0.¶ Mas Y`r`kas, I`mlnar`s y iulm`squh`rl iulm`squh`rl atras Ld`kt`s cukhihplm`s n` pamhiãl urelkl a rurlm. 2.¶ Mas Dulrnls n` cakt`s, ilcpas y s`cerlnas, furlnas a iakbhrclnas par ml Lnchkhstrlihùk. 4.¶ Mas bukihaklrhas n`m Iu`rpa `sp`ihlm n` Zrhshak`s. 7.¶ Mas Ld`kt`s funhihlm`s y mas suelmt`rkas n` mas ^rheuklm`s y Fuzdlnas. 8.¶ @m p`rsaklm n`p`knh`kt` n` ml F`blturl I`ktrlm n` ^rìbhia, `kilrdlna n` ml hkv`sthdlihùk tèikhil n` mas liihn`kt`s. @kuc`rlihùk qu` n`e` `kt`kn`rs` sup`rlnl y mhchtlnl l mas ch`ceras n` mas Iu`rpas y Bu`rzls n` Y`durhnln. @k `st` s`kthna `m lrthiuma 0>4 MAZF, qu` n`t`rchkl qu ml bukihùk n` ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm iacpr`kn` `m luxhmha l mas fuzdlnas y trheuklm`s y lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm `k ml lv`rhdulihùk n` mas n`mhtas y `k `m n`siuerhch`kta y ls`durlch`kta n` mas n`mhkiu`kt`s. @stl bukihùk iacp`t`rì, iulkna bu`r`k r`qu`rhnas plrl pr`stlrml, l tanas mas ch`ceras n` mls Bu`rzls y Iu`rpas n` Y`durhnln, tlkta sh n`p`kn`k n`m Daeh`rka i`ktrlm iaca n` mls IILL a n` mas `kt`s mailm`s, n`ktra n`m ìcehta n` sus r`sp`ithvls iacp`t`kihls. e. @strhita Y` r`bh`r` l mas ch`ceras n` mls ukhnln`s ardìkhils n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm l mls qu` s` r`bh`r` `m lrtãiuma 0>7.< MAZF `k `m s`kthna n` qu` s` `stlem`i`rìk ukhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm qu` n`p`kn`rìk bukihaklmc`kt` n` mls lutarhnln`s funhihlm`s y n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm `k `m n`s`cp`üa n` tanls mls litulihak`s qu` lqu`mmls m`s `kiach`kn`k. X `m U`lm N`ir`ta 428/<874, n` <8 n` fukha, saer` Zamhiãl Funhihlm qu` `k su lrt. 59 n`t`rchkl qu` `m Chkhst`rha n`m Hkt`rhar, pr`vha hkbarc` blvarlem` n`m IDZF a l su prapu`stl, panrì lshdklr iak ilrìit`r p`rclk`kt` y `stlem` l mas Fuzdlnas y ^rheuklm`s qu` par su rhtca n` <<>   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha lithvhnln`s ma r`quh`rlk ukhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm `sp`ihlmc`kt` lnsirhtls l mas chscas. N` hdulm clk`rl s` lnsirhehrìk l lqu`mmls Bhsilmãls qu` s` `sthc`k pr`ihsls, aãna `m BD@ y lt`knh`kna pr`b`r`kt`c`kt` l lqu`mmls iak r`sp`ita l mls iulm`s `xhstl prapu`stl a hkbarc` blvarlem` n` `st`. E. @stltuta furãnhia Litulmc`kt`, ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm iaksthtuy` ukl bukihùk iuyl `sp`ihlmhzlihùk s` iurslrì `k mas I`ktras n` Barclihùk y Z`rb`iihaklch`kta n` mas ch`ceras n` mls Bu`rzls y Iu`rpas n` Y`durhnln n`m @stlna, iak plrthihplihùk n` ch`ceras n` ml Funhilturl y n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, a, iacpm`c`ktlrhlc`kt`, `k `m I`ktra n` @stunhas Funhihlm`s. Ml pas`shùk n`m nhpmacl iarr`spaknh`kt` s`rì r`quhshta k`i`slrha plrl aiuplr pu`stas `k mls Pkhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm qu` s` iaksthtuylk. Mas bukihaklrhas lnsirhtas l mls Pkhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm n`s`cp`ülrìk `sl bukihùk iak ilrìit`r `ximushva, shk p`rfuhiha n` qu` pu`nlk n`slrrammlr tlcehèk mls chshak`s n` pr`v`kihùk n` ml n`mhkiu`kihl y n`cìs qu` s` m`s `kiach`kn`k, iulkna mls ihriukstlkihls ma r`quh`rlk, n` `ktr` mls iarr`spaknh`kt`s l mls Bu`rzls y Iu`rpas n` Y`durhnln n`m @stlna. Mas bukihaklrhas n` mls Pkhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm ka panrìk s`r r`cavhnas a lplrtlnas n` ml hkv`sthdlihùk iakir`tl qu` s` m`s gueh`rl `kiac`knlna, glstl qu` bhklmhi` ml chscl a ml bls` n`m prai`nhch`kta funhihlm qu` ml arhdhklrl, sh ka `s par n`ihshùk a iak ml lutarhzlihùk n`m Fu`z a Bhsilm iacp`t`kt`. @k mls nhmhd`kihls a litulihak`s qu` mm`v`k l ilea, par `kilrda y elfa ml sup`rvhshùk n` mas Fu`i`s, ^rheuklm`s a Bhsilm`s iacp`t`kt`s n` ma Z`klm, mas bukihaklrhas hkt`drlkt`s n` mls Pkhnln`s n` Zamhiãl  Funhihlm t`knrìk `m ilrìit`r n` iachshaklnas iachshaklnas n` nhigas Fu`i`s, Fu`i`s, ^rheuklm`s y Bhsilm`s, y panrìk r`qu`rhr `m luxhmha k`i`slrha n` mls Lutarhnln`s y, `k su ilsa, n` mas plrthiumlr`s. Mas Fu`i`s y ^rheuklm`s n` ma Z`klm y `m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm t`knrìk, r`sp`ita n` mas bukihaklrhas hkt`drlkt`s n` Pkhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm qu` m` s`lk lnsirhtls mls shduh`kt`s bliumtln`s6 l) M`s nlrìk mls ùrn`k`s ` hkstruii hkstruiihak`s hak`s qu` s`lk k`i`slrhls, `k `f`iuihùk n` ma nhspu`sta `k mls karcls n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm y @stltuta n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm.  e) N`t`rchklrìk, `k nhigls ùrn`k`s a hkstruiihak`s, `m iakt`khna y ihriukstlkihls n` mls litulihak`s qu` hkt`r`s`k nhigls Pkhnln`s. i) Iaktramlrìk ml `f`iuihùk `f`iuihùk n` tlm`s litulihak`s, litulihak`s, `k iulkta l ml barcl y mas r`sumtlnas. r`sumtlnas. n) Zanrìk hkstlr `m `f`rihiha n` ml pat`stln nhsihpmhklrhl, nhsihpmhklrhl, `k iuya ilsa `chthrìk mas hkbarc`s qu` pu`nl pu`nl `xhdhr ml trlchtlihùk n` mas iarr`spaknh`kt`s `xp`nh`kt`s, lsã iaca lqu`mmas atras qu` iakshn`r`k apartukas. @k `stas ilsas r`ihehrìk mas t`sthcakhas n` mls r`samuihak`s r`ilãnls. @m rèdhc`k bukihaklrhlm n`m p`rsaklm hkt`drlna `k mls Pkhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm s`rì `m n` mls Bu`rzls y Iu`rpas n` Y`durhnln n`m @stlna. Ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm th`k` par aef`ta y s`rì aemhdlihùk n` tanas mas qu` ml iacpak`k, lv`rhdulr mas n`mhtas pöemhias qu` s` iac`th`r`k `k su t`rrhtarha a n`clrilihùk? prlithilr, s`dök sus ltrheuihak`s, mls nhmhd`kihls k`i`slrhls plrl iacpraelrmas y n`siuerhr l mas n`mhkiu`kt`s, y r`iad`r tanas mas `b`itas, hkstruc`ktas a pru`els n`m n`mhta n` iuyl n`slplrhihùk gueh`r` p`mhdra, pakhèknamas l nhspashihùk n` ml lutarhnln funhihlm. Iulkna mls vãithcls `ktr`k `k iaktlita iak ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm, iucpmhrì iak mas n`e`r`s n` hkbarclihùk qu` pr`vè ml m`dhsmlihùk vhd`kt`. Lshchsca, mm`vlrìk l ilea ukl vlmarlihùk n` mls ihriukstlkihls plrthiumlr`s n` mls vãithcls plrl n`t`rchklr pravhshaklmc`kt` què c`nhnls n` prat`iihùk n`e`k s`r lnaptlnls plrl dlrlkthzlrm`s ukl prat`iihùk ln`iulnl, shk p`rfuhiha n` ml n`ihshùk bhklm qu` iarr`spakn`rì lnaptlr lm Fu`z a ^rheuklm. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <<0 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Yh `m n`mhta bu`rl n` mas qu` sama pu`n`k p`rs`duhrs` l hkstlkihl n` plrt` m`dãthcl, t`knrìk ml chscl aemhdlihùk `xpr`slnl `k `m pìrrlba lkt`rhar, sh s` m`s r`quh`r` lm `b`ita. Ml lus`kihl n` n`kukihl ka hcp`nhrì ml prìithil n` mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls n` pr`v`kihùk y ls`durlch`kta n` mas n`mhtas r`mlthvas l ml praph`nln hkt`m`itulm ` hknustrhlm. I. Bukihak`s Iarr`spakn`k `sp`iãbhilc`kt` `sp`iãbhilc`kt` l mls ukhnln`s n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm mls shduh`kt`s bukihak`s6 l) Ml lv`rhdulihùk li`ril n` mas r`spakslem`s y ihriukstlkihls n` mas g`igas n`mhithvas y ml n`t`kihùk n` mas prhc`ras, nlkna iu`ktl s`duhnlc`kt` l ml lutarhnln funhihlm y bhsilm, iakbarc` l ma nhspu`sta `k mls m`y`s.  e) @m luxhmha l ml lutarhnln funhihlm y bhsilm `k iulktls litulihak`s n`el r`lmhzlr bu`rl n` su s`n` y r`quh`rlk ml pr`s`kihl pamhihlm. i) Ml r`lmhzlihùk clt`rhlm n` n` mls litulihak`s qu` `xhflk `xhflk `m `f`rihiha n` ml ia`rihùk ia`rihùk y arn`klr` ml lutarhnln funhihlm a bhsilm. n) Ml dlrlktãl n`m iucpmhch`kta n` mls ùrn`k`s y r`samuihak`s n` ml lutarhnln funhihlm funhihlm a bhsilm. `) Iulm`squh`rl atrls n` ml ml chscl klturlm`zl `k qu` s`l k`i`slrhl su iaap`rlihùk iaap`rlihùk a luxhmha y ma arn`klr` ml lutarhnln funhihlm a bhsilm. @k khkdök ilsa panrìk `kiac`knlrs` l mas ch`ceras n` nhigls ukhnln`s ml prìithil n` litulihak`s qu` ka s`lk mls praphls n` ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm a mls n`rhvlnls n` mls chscls. Ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm th`k` par aef`ta y s`rì aemhdlihùk n` tanas mas qu` ml iacpak`k, lv`rhdulr mas n`mhtas pöemhias qu` s` iac`th`r`k `k su t`rrhtarha a n`clrilihùk? prlithilr, s`dök sus ltrheuihak`s, mls nhmhd`kihls k`i`slrhls plrl iacpraelrmas y n`siuerhr l mas n`mhkiu`kt`s, y r`iad`r tanas mas `b`itas, hkstruc`ktas a pru`els n`m n`mhta n` iuyl n`slplrhihùk gueh`r` p`mhdra, pakhèknamas l nhspashihùk n` ml lutarhnln funhihlm. Iulkna mls vãithcls `ktr`k `k iaktlita iak ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm, iucpmhrì iak mas n`e`r`s n` hkbarclihùk qu` pr`vè ml m`dhsmlihùk vhd`kt`. Lshchsca, mm`vlrìk l ilea ukl vlmarlihùk n` mls ihriukstlkihls plrthiumlr`s n` mls vãithcls plrl n`t`rchklr pravhshaklmc`kt` què c`nhnls n` prat`iihùk n`e`k s`r lnaptlnls plrl dlrlkthzlrm`s ukl prat`iihùk ln`iulnl, shk p`rfuhiha n` ml n`ihshùk bhklm qu` iarr`spakn`rì lnaptlr lm Fu`z a ^rheuklm. Yh `m n`mhta bu`rl n` mas qu` sama pu`n`k p`rs`duhrs` l hkstlkihl n` plrt` m`dãthcl, t`knrìk ml chscl aemhdlihùk `xpr`slnl `k `m pìrrlba lkt`rhar, sh s` m`s r`quh`r` lm `b`ita. Ml lus`kihl n` n`kukihl ka hcp`nhrì ml prìithil n` mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls n` pr`v`kihùk y ls`durlch`kta n` mas n`mhtas r`mlthvas l ml praph`nln hkt`m`itulm ` hknustrhlm. N`sn` ma lkt`rhar, n`ktra n`m prai`nhch`kta ler`vhlna, mas lrts. 44: l 445 `stlem`i`k mls shduh`kt`s bukihak`s `sp`iãbhils n` ml pamhiãl funhihlm6 - U`qu`rhrì ml ml pr`s`kihl n` bliumtlthva bliumtlthva qu` pu`nl pr`stlr pr`stlr mas luxhmhas k`i`slrhas k`i`slrhas lm ab`knhna - Liacplülrì `m litl n` iakstlkihl iakstlkihl batadrìbhil u atra sapart` cldkèthia a n` r`pranuiihùk r`pranuiihùk n` ml hcld`k iulkna s`l k`i`slrha plrl `m `simlr`ihch`kta n` mas g`igas. X `xhstl rh`sda n` n`slplrhihùk n` mls bu`kt`s n` pru`el. - U`iad`rì y iustanhlrì `b`itas, `b`itas, hkstruc`ktas hkstruc`ktas a pru`els pru`els n`m n`mhta iulkna iulkna glyl p`mhdra p`mhdra n` n`slplrhihùk. - @k ilsa n` n` cu`rt` `k ml vãl pöemhil u atra mudlr n` trìkshta, trlsmlnlrì `m ilnìv`r lm mudlr prùxhca prùxhca cls hnùk`a, nlkna iu`ktl l ml lutarhnln funhihlm y aet`kh`kna batadrlbãls, lsã iaca s`ülmlkna `m mudlr n` shtulihùk `xlitl. - ^aclrì nltas plrl ml hn`kthbhilihùk hn`kthbhilihùk y mailmhzlihùk mailmhzlihùk n` mas pr`s`kt`s pr`s`kt`s `k `m mudlr n` mas mas g`igas. <<2   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha - Hkt`rv`knrì, sh prai`n`, `m `m v`gãiuma, y r`t`knrì `m p`rchsa n` ihriumlihùk n`m chsca y `m p`rchsa n` iaknuihr n` ml p`rsakl l ml qu` s` hcput` `m g`iga. - Iucpmhrì iak iak mas n`e`r`s n`e`r`s n` hkbarclihùk l ml vãithcl, ` hkbarclrì lm hkv`sthdlna n` n` mas g`igas qu` s` m` ltrheuy`k y m` hkstruhrì hkstruhrì `k sus n`r`igas. n`r`igas. - U`qu`rhrì `m luxhmha n` atras ch`ceras ch`ceras n` mls Bu`rzls y Iu`rpas n` Y`durhnln iulkna s`l k`i`slrha. - @ktr`dlrì lt`stlna lm fuzdlna iacp`t`kt` iacp`t`kt` y paknrì l su nhspashihùk nhspashihùk mas n`t`khnas, sh mas gueh`r`, gueh`r`, y r`chthrì iaphl lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm. N. Lithvhnln Hkc`nhltlc`kt` qu` mas bukihaklrhas n` ml Zamhiãl funhihlm tuvh`r`k iakaihch`kta n` uk n`mhta pöemhia a bu`r`k r`qu`rhnas plrl pr`v`khr ml hkstruiihùk n` nhmhd`kihls par rlzùk n` lmdök n`mhta prhvlna, ma plrthihplrìk l ml lutarhnln funhihlm a lm r`pr`s`ktlkt` n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, sh punh`r`k gli`rma shk i`slr `k ml prìithil n` mls nhmhd`kihls n` pr`v`kihùk. @k atra ilsa, ma glrìk lsã qu` mls gueh`r`k t`rchklna. Ka aestlkt`, iulkna ka `xhstl lutar iakaihna n`m n`mhta ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm iaks`rvlrì `m lt`stlna l nhspashihùk n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm y n` ml lutarhnln funhihlm, shk `kvhìrs`ma, slmva qu` iakiurrl lmdukl n` mls shduh`kt`s ihriukstlkihls6 l) \u` s` trlt` n` n`mhtas iaktrl ml vhnl, iaktrl ml hkt`drhnln hkt`drhnln bãshil, iaktrl ml mhe`rtln ` hkn`ckhnln s`xulm`s a n` n`mhtas r`mlihaklnas iak ml iarrupihùk?  e) \u` s` prlithqu` iulmquh`r iulmquh`r nhmhd`kihl n`spuès n` trlksiurrhnls 45 garls n`sn` n`sn` ml lp`rturl n`m lt`stlna y `stls glylk t`khna lmdök r`sumtlna? a i) \u` `m Chkhst`rha Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a ml lutarhnln funhihlm funhihlm samhiht`k ml r`chshùk. r`chshùk. N` iakbarchnln iak `m n`r`iga r`iakaihna `k `m lrt. 2 n` ml M`y >/5:<0, n` 54 n` lerhm, n`m @stltuta n` ml Rãithcl n`m n`mhta, ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm iacukhilrì lm n`kukihlkt` qu` `k ilsa n` ka s`r hn`kthbhilna `m lutar `k `m pmlza n` s`t`ktl y nas garls, mls litulihak`s ka s` r`chthrìk l ml lutarhnln funhihlm, shk p`rfuhiha n` su n`r`iga l r`ht`rlr ml n`kukihl lkt` ml bhsilmãl a `m fuzdlna n` hkstruiihùk. Yh gueh`rlk r`iadhna lrcls, hkstruc`ktas a `b`itas n` iulmquh`r imls` qu` punh`rlk t`k`r r`mlihùk iak `m n`mhta y s` glmm`k `k `m mudlr `k qu` `st` s` iac`thù a `k sus hkc`nhlihak`s, a `k pan`r n`m r`a a `k atrl plrt` iakaihnl, `xt`kn`rìk nhmhd`kihl `xpr`shvl n`m mudlr, th`cpa y ailshùk `k qu` s` `kiaktrlr`k, qu` hkimuhrì ukl n`sirhpihùk chkuihasl plrl qu` s` pu`nl barclr hn`l ilelm n` mas chscas y n` mls ihriukstlkihls n` su glmmlzda, qu` panrì s`r susthtuhnl par uk r`partlf` drìbhia. Ml nhmhd`kihl s`rì bhrclnl par ml p`rsakl `k iuya pan`r bu`r`k glmmlnas. Ml hkilutlihùk n` `b`itas qu` punh`rlk p`rt`k`i`r l ukl vãithcl n`m n`mhta s`rì iacukhilnl l ml chscl. Ml p`rsakl lb`itlnl par ml hkilutlihùk panrì r`iurrhr `k iulmquh`r cac`kta ml c`nhnl lkt` `m fu`z n` hkstruiihùk n` iakbarchnln iak ma nhspu`sta `k `m pìrrlba 9¶ n`m lrt. 99>? _@st` r`iursa ka r`qu`rhrì n` ml hkt`rv`kihùk n` leadlna iulkna s`l pr`s`ktlna par t`ri`rls p`rsakls nhb`r`kt`s n`m hcputlna. @m r`iursa s` `kt`kn`rì hkt`rpu`sta iulkna ml p`rsakl lb`itlnl par ml c`nhnl a uk blchmhlr suya clyar n` `nln gueh`rlk `xpr`slna su nhsiakbarchnln `k `m cac`kta n` ml chsclS. Yh iakiurrh`r` lmdök bukihaklrha n` Zamhiãl funhihlm n` ilt`darãl sup`rhar l ml n`m qu` `stuvh`s` litulkna, n`e`rì `st` nlrm` iakaihch`kta n` iulkta gueh`s` prlithilna, pakhèknas` n`sn` mu`da l su nhspashihùk. Iulkna `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk s` pr`s`ktlr` l barclr `m suclrha, i`slrìk mls nhmhd`kihls n` pr`v`kihùk qu` `stuvh`r` prlithilkna iulmquh`r Lutarhnln a ld`kt` n` pamhiãl? n`eh`kna `stas `ktr`dlrmls `k `m lita l nhiga Fu`z, lsã iaca mas `b`itas r`mlthvas lm n`mhta qu` s` gueh`s`k r`iadhna, y pakh`kna l su nhspashihùk l mas n`t`khnas, sh mas gueh`s`. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <<4 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Mas bukihaklrhas qu` iaksthtuy`k ml Zamhiãl funhihlm prlithilrìk shk nhmlihùk, s`dök sus ltrheuihak`s r`sp`ithvls, mls nhmhd`kihls qu` mas bukihaklrhas n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm m`s `kiach`kn`k plrl ml iacpra elihùk n`m n`mhta n`mhta y lv`rhdulihùk n` mas n`mhkiu`kt`s n`mhkiu`kt`s y tanls mls n`cìs n`cìs qu` nurlkt` `m iursa n` ml ilusl m`s `kilrdlr`k mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk y n` Zlz. @m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk y mas n` Zlz panrìk `kt`kn`rs` nhr`itlc`kt` iak mas bukihaklrhas n` Zamhiãl funhihlm, iulmquh`rl qu` s`l su ilt`darãl, plrl tanas mas `b`itas pr`v`khna? p`ra sh `m s`rvhiha qu` n` `mmas `xhdh`s`k lnchth`s` `sp`rl, n`e`rìk liunhr lm sup`rhar r`sp`ithva n`m bukihaklrha n` Zamhiãl funhihlm, ch`ktrls ka k`i`shtls`k n`m hkc`nhlta luxhmha n` `st`. @m bukihaklrha n` Zamhiãl funhihlm qu` par iulmquh`r ilusl ka pu`nl iucpmhr `m r`qu`rhch`kta a ml arn`k qu` gueh`s` r`ihehna n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, n`m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk, n`m Fu`z n` Zlz, a n` ml Lutarhnln a ld`kt` qu` gueh`s` pr`v`khna mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls, ma paknrì hkc`nhltlc`kt` `k iakaihch`kta n`m qu` glyl g`iga `m r`qu`rhch`kta a nlna ml arn`k plrl qu` prav`l n` atra cana l su `f`iuihùk. Yh ml ilusl ka bu`r` m`dãthcl, `m qu` gueh`s` nlna ml arn`k a g`iga `m r`qu`rhch`kta ma paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m sup`rhar f`rìrquhia n`m qu` s` `xius` plrl qu` m` iarrhfl nhsihpmhklrhlc`kt`, l ka s`r qu` gueh`r` hkiurrhna `k clyar r`spakslehmhnln iak lrr`dma l mls m`y`s. @m sup`rhar f`rìrquhia iacukhilrì l ml Lutarhnln a bukihaklrha qu` m` gueh`r` nlna ml qu`fl ml r`samuihùk qu` lnapt` r`sp`ita n` su suearnhklna. @m f`b` n` iulmquh`r bu`rzl pöemhil qu` ka punh`r` pr`stlr `m luxhmha qu` par mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk a cukhihplm`s a par uk bukihaklrha n` Zamhiãl funhihlm m` bu`r` p`nhna s` lt`knrì tlcehèk l ma nhspu`sta lkt`rharc`kt`. @m qu` gueh`r` g`iga `m r`qu`rhch`kta ma paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m F`b` sup`rhar hkc`nhlta n`m qu` s` `xiuslr` `k ml barcl y plrl `m aef`ta `xpr`slna `k mas pìrrlbas n`m lrtãiuma lkt`rhar. @. Iaktram n` r`spakslehmhnln (lrt. 587 M@Irh) M@Irh) Mas Fu`i`s n` hkstruiihùk y mas Bhsilm`s ilmhbhilrìk `k uk r`dhstra r`s`rvlna `m iacpartlch`kta n` mas bukihaklrhas qu` elfa su hksp`iihùk pr`stlk s`rvhihas n` Zamhiãl funhihlm? y ilnl s`c`str` _2c`str`S, iak r`b`r`kihl l nhiga r`dhstra, iacukhilrìk l mas sup`rhar`s n` ilnl uka n` lqu`mmas, plrl mas `b`itas l qu` gueh`r` mudlr, ml ilmhbhilihùk rlzaklnl n` su iacpartlch`kta. Iulkna mas bukihaklrhas n` Zamhiãl funhihlm qu` gueh`r`k n` s`r iarr`dhnas nhsihpmhklrhlc`kt` nhsihpmhklrhlc`kt` iak lrr`dma l `stl M`y bu`s`k n` ilt`darãl sup`rhar l ml n` ml Lutarhnln funhihlm a bhsilm qu` `kt`knh`s`k `k mls nhmhd`kihls `k qu` s` gueh`r` iac`thna ml blmtl, s` lest`knrìk `stas n` hcpak`r par sã chscas ml iarr`iihùk, mhchtìknas` l pak`r ma aiurrhna `k iakaihch`kta n`m f`b` hkc`nhlta n`m qu` n`eh`r` s`r iarr`dhna. 5. IACZUAELIHÙK N@M N@MH^A6 IP@UZA N@M N@MH^A. HN@K^HBHILIHÙK IACZUAELIHÙK N@M ZU@YPK^A N@MHKIP@K^@. ML HKYZ@IIHÙK AIPMLU. N@IMLULIHAK@Y ^@Y^HBHILM@Y. ZUP@EL Z@UHIHLM X YP RLMAU. ZUP@EL NAIPC@K^LM. ZH@VLY N@ IAKRHIIHÙK 5.< Iacpraelihùk n`m n`mhta6 iu`rpa n`m n`mhta L. Iaki`pta y r`dumlihùk @k mas lrts. 99> lm 924 s` `kiu`ktrl ml r`dumlihùk saer` `m iu`rpa n`m n`mhta. Ml M@Irh lm r`b`rhrs` lm iu`rpa n`m n`mhta, ma gli` n` ukl clk`rl lcpmhl r`bhrhèknas` l6 <<7   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha - Iu`rpa n`m n`mhta n`mhta `k `k s`kthna `strhita6 p`rsakl p`rsakl a iasl aef`ta n`m n`mhta. - Iu`rpa n`m n`mhta `k s`kthna s`kthna lcpmha6 lcpmha6 hkstruc`ktas `cpm`lnas plrl ml `f`iuihùk n`m g`iga n`mhithva.  Fukta  Fuk ta l `st `stas as nas iak iaki`p i`ptas tas,, sur surd` d` ukl t`r t`ri`r i`rll `xp `xpr`s r`shùk hùk,, mmlclnl ”ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk–, qu` sak lqu`mmas aef`tas a hkstruc`ktas qu` nlk b` n` ml iachshùk n`m g`iga n`mhithva, yl s`l su hcpmhilihùk nhr`itl a ihriukstlkihlm `k `m g`iga n`mhithva. E. Barcls plrl ls`durlr ls`durlr `m `m iu`rpa iu`rpa n`m n`mhta n`mhta <) @m Fu`z hkstruitar arn`klrì arn`klrì r`iad`r `k mas prhc`ras prhc`ras cac`ktas mls lrcls, hkstruc`ktas a `b`itas n` iulmquh`rl imls` qu` pu`nlk t`k`r r`mlihùk iak `m n`mhta y s` glmm`k `k `m mudlr `k qu` `st` s` iac`thù, a `k sus hkc`nhlihak`s, a `k pan`r n`m r`a, a `k atrl plrt` iakaihnl. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl `xt`kn`rì nhmhd`kihl `xpr`shvl n`m mudlr, th`cpa y ailshùk `k qu` s` `kiaktrlr`k, n`sirhehèknamas chkuihaslc`kt` plrl qu` s` pu`nl barclr hn`l ilelm n` mas chscas y n` mls ihriukstlkihls n` su glmmlzda. Ml nhmhd`kihl s`rì bhrclnl par ml p`rsakl `k iuya pan`r bu`r`k glmmlnas, kathbhiìknas` l ml chscl `m luta `k qu` s` clkn` r`iad`rmas. Ml p`rsakl lb`itlnl par ml hkilutlihùk panrì r`iurrhr `k iulmquh`r cac`kta ml c`nhnl lkt` `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk. @st` r`iursa ka r`qu`rhrì n` ml hkt`rv`kihùk n` leadlna iulkna s`l pr`s`ktlna par t`ri`rls p`rsakls nhb`r`kt`s n`m hcputlna. @m r`iursa s` `kt`kn`rì hkt`rpu`sta iulkna ml p`rsakl lb`itlnl par ml c`nhnl a uk blchmhlr suya clyar n` `nln gueh`rlk `xpr`slna su nhsiakbarchnln `k `m cac`kta n` ml chscl. Mas `b`itas qu` p`rt`k`ih`rlk l ml vãithcl n`m n`mhta s`rìk r`sthtuhnas hkc`nhltlc`kt` l ml chscl, slmva qu` `xi`pihaklmc`kt` n`eh`rlk s`r iaks`rvlnas iaca c`nha n` pru`el a plrl ml prìithil n` atrls nhmhd`kihls, y shk p`rfuhiha n` su r`sthtuihùk tlk prakta r`sumt` pashem`. Mas `b`itas s`rìk tlcehèk r`sthtuhnas hkc`nhltlc`kt` iulkna n`elk s`r iaks`rvlnas iaca c`nha n` pru`el a plrl ml prìithil n` atrls nhmhd`kihls, p`ra su iaks`rvlihùk pu`nl dlrlkthzlrs` hcpakh`kna lm praph`tlrha `m n`e`r n` clkt`k`rmas l nhspashihùk n`m Fu`z a ^rheuklm. Ml vãithcl panrì, `k tana ilsa, r`iurrhr `stl n`ihshùk iakbarc` l ma nhspu`sta `k `m pìrrlba lkt`rhar. Yh`kna glehnl ml p`rsakl a iasl aef`ta n`m n`m n`mhta, `m Fu`z hkstruitar n`sirhehrì n`tlmmlnlc`kt` su `stlna y ihriukstlkihls y, `sp`ihlmc`kt`, tanls mls qu` tuvh`s`k r`mlihùk iak `m g`iga pukhem`. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p Hcpartlkt` Ka n`e`cas iakbuknhr `m iu`rpa n`m n`mhta iak ml ph`zl a ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk. Lsã, uk iuighmma a lrcl n` bu`da uthmhzlnas plrl iac`t`r uk irhc`k sak iakshn`rlnas ”iu`rpa n`m n`mhta–, parqu` s` glk uthmhzlna pr`ihslc`kt` plrl iac`t`rma. Z`ra tlcehèk s`rãlk ukl ph`zl n` iakvhiihùk parqu` pu`n`k nlr hkbarclihùk imlrl saer` `m n`mhkiu`kt`. ^lcehèk sak ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk mls pr`knls n` rapl a nhsias blmshbhilnas, mls fayls a r`maf`s sustrlãnas `k uk lslmta l ukl fay`rãl a uk c`ig`ra u atra aef`ta p`rsaklm glmmlna `k `m mudlr nakn` `m n`mhta s` iac`thù <<8 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Yh par trltlrs` n` n`mhta n` blmshbhilihùk blmshbhilihùk iac`thnl `k naiuc`ktas naiuc`ktas a `b`itas `xhst`kt`s `k n`p`kn`kn`p`kn`kihls n` mls Lnchkhstrlihak`s Zöemhils gueh`r` hcpr`sihknhem` k`i`shnln n` t`k`rmas l ml vhstl plrl su r`iakaihch`kta p`rhihlm y `xlc`k par plrt` n`m Fu`z a ^rheuklm, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl mas r`imlclrì l mls iarr`spaknh`kt`s Lutarhnln`s, shk p`rfuhiha n` n`vamv`rmas l mas r`sp`ithvas I`ktras abhihlm`s n`spuès n` t`rchklnl ml ilusl. @k mas ilsas lkt`rhar`s lkt`rhar`s arn`klrì arn`klrì tlcehèk `m Fu`z Fu`z `m r`iakaihch`kta par p`rhtas, p`rhtas, sh`cpr` sh`cpr` qu` `stè hknhilna plrl lpr`ihlr c`far ml r`mlihùk iak `m n`mhta, n` mas mudlr`s, lrcls, hkstruc`ktas y `b`itas l qu` s` r`bh`r`k, glihèknas` iakstlr par nhmhd`kihl `m r`iakaihch`kta y `m hkbarc` p`rhihlm. L `stl nhmhd`kihl panrìk lshsthr tlcehèk `m prai`slna y su n`b`ksar. Iulkna `k `m lita n` n`sirhehr ml p`rsakl a iasl aef`ta n`m n`mhta, y mas mudlr`s, lrcls, hkstruc`ktas a `b`itas r`mlihaklnas iak `m chsca, `stuvh`r`k pr`s`kt`s a bu`r`k iakaihnls p`rsakls qu` pu`nlk n`imlrlr li`ril n`m cana y barcl iak qu` lqu`m gueh`s` shna iac`thna, y n` mls ilusls n` mls lmt`rlihak`s qu` s` aes`rvlr`k `k nhigas mudlr`s, lrcls, hkstruc`ktas a `b`itas, a li`ril n` su `stlna lkt`rhar, s`rìk `xlchklnas hkc`nhltlc`kt` n`spuès n` ml n`sirhpihùk y sus n`imlrlihak`s s` iakshn`rlrìk iaca iacpm`c`kta n` `stl. Mas hkstruc`ktas, lrcls y `b`itas s` r`iad`rìk r`iad`rìk n` tlm barcl qu` s` dlrlkthi` su hkt`drhnln y `m Fu`z liarnlrì su r`t`kihùk, iaks`rvlihùk a `kvãa lm ardlkhsca ln`iulna plrl su n`pùshta. Zanrì n`ir`tlrs` n`ir`tlrs` ml ml n`struiihùk n`struiihùk n` mas `b`itas `b`itas funhihlm`s, funhihlm`s, n`flkna cu`strls subhih`kt`s subhih`kt`s,, iulkna r`sumtlr` k`i`slrhl a iakv`kh`kt` par ml praphl klturlm`zl n` mas `b`itas hkt`rv`khnas a par `m p`mhdra r`lm a pat`kihlm qu` iacpart` su lmcli`klch`kta a iustanhl, pr`vhl lunh`kihl lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm y lm praph`tlrha, sh bu`r` iakaihna, a l ml p`rsakl `k iuya pan`r bu`rak glmmlnas mas `b`itas iuyl n`struiihùk s` pr`t`kn`. Iulkna s` trlt` n` nradls tùxhils, `stup`blih`kt`s `stup`blih`kt`s a sustlkihls sustlkihls pshiatrùphils, pshiatrùphils, ml lutarhnln lnchkhstrlthvl elfa iuyl iustanhl s` `kiu`ktr`k, ukl v`z r`lmhzlnas mas hkbarc`s lklmãthias p`rthk`kt`s, ls`durlnl ml iaks`rvlihùk n` mls cu`strls cãkhcls ` hcpr`sihknhem`s qu`, iakbarc` l irht`rhas ih`ktãbhias, r`sumt`k k`i`slrhls plrl dlrlkthzlr umt`rhar`s iacpraelihak`s a hkv`sthdlihak`s, y pr`vhl iacukhilihùk lm Fu`z hkstruitar, prai`n`rì l su hkc`nhltl n`struiihùk sh, trlsiurrhna `m pmlza n` uk c`s n`sn` qu` s` `b`ituù lqu`mml, ml lutarhnln funhihlm ka gueh`rl arn`klna c`nhlkt` r`samuihùk cathvlnl ml iaks`rvlihùk ãkt`drl n` nhigls sustlkihls. @k tana ilsa, ma iaks`rvlna s` iustanhlrì sh`cpr` l nhspashihùk n`m ùrdlka funhihlm iacp`t`kt`. @k tana ilsa, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl Fusthihl `xt`kn`rì `xt`kn`rì ml apartukl nhmhd`kihl nhmhd`kihl y, sh s` gueh`rl liarnlna ml n`struiihùk, n`e`rì qu`nlr iakstlkihl `k mas lutas n` ml klturlm`zl, ilmhnln, ilkthnln, p`sa y c`nhnl n` mas `b`itas n`struhnas. Yh ka gueh`s` tlslihùk lkt`rhar, tlcehèk s` n`flrì iakstlkihl n` su vlmar iulkna su bhflihùk bu`r` hcpashem` n`spuès n` ml n`struiihùk. Ma nhspu`sta `k mas nas lplrtlnas lkt`rhar`s s`rì tlcehèk lpmhilem` l mas `b`itas hkt`rv`khnas `k r`mlihùk iak ml iachshùk n` n`mhtas iaktrl ml praph`nln hkt`m`itulm ` hknustrhlm. Zanrì hdulmc`kt` prai`n`rs` l su n`struiihùk lkthihplnl ukl v`z qu` tlm`s `b`itas glylk shna `xlchklnas p`rhihlmc`kt`, ls`durlkna ml iaks`rvlihùk n` mls cu`strls qu` r`sumt`k k`i`slrhls plrl dlrlkthzlr umt`rhar`s iacpraelihak`s a hkv`sthdlihak`s, slmva qu` ml lutarhnln funhihlm liu`rn` c`nhlkt` r`samuihùk cathvlnl su iaks`rvlihùk ãkt`drl `k `m pmlza n` uk c`s n`sn` ml samhihtun n` n`struiihùk. Yh mas aef`tas ka punh`r`k, par su klturlm`zl, iaks`rvlrs` iaks`rvlrs` `k su barcl prhchthvl, `m Fu`z r`samv`rì ma qu` `sthc` iakv`kh`kt` plrl iaks`rvlrmas n`m c`far cana pashem`. <5:   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Zanrìk r`lmhzlrs` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s n` mãihta iac`riha, shk `sp`rlr lm prakukihlch`kta a bhrc`zl n`m blmma, y sh`cpr` qu` ka s` trlt` n` ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk a qu` n`elk qu`nlr l `xp`ksls n`m prai`nhch`kta, `k iulmquh`rl n` mas ilsas shduh`kt`s6 l) Iulkna s`lk p`r`i`n`ras.  e) Iulkna su praph`tlrha praph`tlrha gldl `xpr`sa lelknaka n` `mmas. `mmas. i) Iulkna mas dlstas n` iaks`rvli iaks`rvlihùk hùk y n`pùshta s`lk sup`rhar`s lm vlmar n`m aef`ta `k sã. n) Iulkna su iaks`rvlihùk pu`nl r`sumtlr p`mhdrasl plrl ml slmun a s`durhnln pöemhil, a pu`nl nlr mudlr l ukl nhschkuihùk hcpartlkt` n` su vlmar, a pu`nl lb`itlr drlv`c`kt` l su usa y bukihaklch`kta glehtulm`s. `) Iulkna s` trlt` n` n` `b`itas qu`, qu`, shk subrhr n`t`rhara n`t`rhara clt`rhlm, s` n`pr`ih`k sustlkihlmc`kt` par `m trlksiursa n`m th`cpa. b) Iulkna, n`ehnlc`kt` n`ehnlc`kt` r`qu`rhna `m praph`tlrha saer` `m n`sthka n`m `b`ita funhihlm, ka gldl clkhb`stlihùk lmdukl. Iulkna iakiurrl lmduka n` mas supu`stas pr`vhstas `k `m lplrtlna lkt`rhar, `m fu`z, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, n` mls plrt`s a n` ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas, y pr`vhl lunh`kihl n`m hkt`r`slna, liarnlrì ml r`lmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s, slmva qu` iakiurrl lmdukl n` mls shduh`kt`s ihriukstlkihls6 l) @stè p`knh`kt` n` r`samuihùk r`samuihùk `m r`iursa hkt`rpu`sta hkt`rpu`sta par `m hkt`r`slna iaktrl `m `celrda a n`iachsa n` mas eh`k`s a `b`itas.  e) Ml c`nhnl pu`nl r`sumtlr n`spraparihaklnl, l ml vhstl n` mas `b`itas qu` punh`rl supak`r plrl `m hkt`r`slna y, `sp`ihlmc`kt`, n` ml clyar a c`kar r`m`vlkihl n` mas hknhihas `k qu` s` gueh`rl buknlna ml r`samuihùk ilut`mlr n` n`iachsa. Ka aestlkt` ma nhspu`sta `k mas lplrtlnas lkt`rhar`s, iulkna `m eh`k n` qu` s` trlt` `stè `celrdlna `k `f`iuihùk n` uk liu`rna lnaptlna par ukl lutarhnln funhihlm `xtrlk f`rl `k lpmhilihùk n` ml M`y n` r`iakaihch`k r`iakaihch`kta ta cutua n` r`samuihak`s p`klm`s `k ml Pkhùk @urap`l, su r`lmhzlihùk ka panrì mm`vlrs` l ilea shk aet`k`r pr`vhlc`kt` ml lutarhzlihùk n` ml lutarhnln funhihlm `xtrlkf`rl. Yh bu`r` iakv`kh`kt` r`ihehr lmdök hkbarc` p`rhihlm saer` mas c`nhas `cpm`lnas plrl ml n`slplrhihùk n`m iu`rpa n`m n`mhta, a saer` mls pru`els n` iulmquh`rl imls` qu`, `k su n`b`ita, s` gueh`s`k r`iadhna, `m Fu`z ma arn`klrì hkc`nhltlc`kt`. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas <5< Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 5) Yh ml hkstruiihùk tuvh`r` mudlr par ilusls n` cu`rt` vham`ktl a sasp`igasl n` irhchklmhnln, irhchklmhnln, lkt`s n` prai`n`r lm `kt`rrlch`kta n`m ilnìv`r a hkc`nhltlc`kt` n`spuès n` su `xguclihùk, g`igl ml n`sirhpihùk arn`klnl `k `m lrt. 990, s` hn`kthbhilrì par c`nha n` t`sthdas qu`, l ml vhstl n`m chsca, n`k rlzùk slthsblitarhl n` su iakaihch`kta. Ka gleh`kna gleh`kna t`sthdas t`sthdas n` n` iakaihch`kta, iakaihch`kta, sh `m `stlna n`m ilnìv`r ilnìv`r ma p`rchth`r`, s` `xpaknrì `xpaknrì lm pöemhia lkt`s n` prlithilrs` ml lutapshl, par `m th`cpa l mas c`kas n` v`hkthiultra garls, `xpr`slkna `k uk ilrt`m, qu` s` bhflrì l ml pu`rtl n`m n`pùshta n` ilnìv`r`s, `m shtha, garl y nãl `k qu` lqu`m s` gueh`s` glmmlna y `m Fu`z qu` `stuvh`s` hkstruy`kna `m suclrha, l bhk n` qu` quh`k t`kdl lmdök nlta qu` pu`nl iaktrheuhr lm r`iakaihch`kta n`m ilnìv`r a lm `simlr`ihch`kta n`m n`mhta y n` sus ihriukstlkihls, ma iacukhqu` lm Fu`z hkstruitar. Iulkna l p`slr n` tlm`s pr`v`kihak`s ka bu`r` bu`r` `m ilnìv`r r`iakaihna, r`iakaihna, arn`klrì `m Fu`z qu` s` r`iar`ia flk tanas mas `b`itas p`rsaklm`s iak qu` s` m` gueh`r` `kiaktrlna, l bhk n` qu` pu`nlk s`rvhr apartuklc`kt` plrl gli`r ml hn`kthbhilihùk. @k `m suclrha par par cu`rt` vham`ktl a sasp`igasl n` irhchklmhnln, irhchklmhnln, luk iulkna par ml hksp`iihùk `xt`rhar pu`nl pr`suchrs` ml ilusl n` ml cu`rt`, s` prai`n`rì l ml lutapshl n`m ilnìv`r par mas Cènhias bar`ks`s, a `k su ilsa par mas qu` `m Fu`z n`shdk`, mas iulm`s, n`spuès n` n`sirhehr `xlitlc`kt` nhigl ap`rlihùk, hkbarclrìk saer` `m arhd`k n`m blmm`ihch`kta y sus ihriukstlkihls. Iulkna ml ml cu`rt` saer`vhkh`r` par iaks`iu`kihl iaks`iu`kihl n` lmdök liihn`kt` aiurrhna `k `k mls vãls bèrr`ls y`kna uk tr`k `k clrigl, ökhilc`kt` s` n`t`knrì `st` `m th`cpa pr`ihsa plrl s`plrlr `m ilnìv`r a ilnìv`r`s n` ml vãl, glihèknas` iakstlr pr`vhlc`kt` su shtulihùk y `stlna, eh`k par ml Lutarhnln a bukihaklrha n` Zamhiãl funhihlm qu` hkc`nhltlc`kt` s` pr`s`kt` `k `m mudlr n`m shkh`stra, eh`k par mas qu` liihn`ktlmc`kt` s` glmm`k `k `m chsca tr`k, eh`k, `k n`b`ita n` `stls p`rsakls, par `m `cpm`lna n` clyar ilt`darãl l iuya ilrda vlyl, n`eh`kna s`r pr`b`rhnas pr`b`rhnas plrl `m ilsa mas `cpm`lnas a ld`kt`s n`m Daeh`rka. Y` nhspaknrì lshchsca ma iakv`kh`kt` plrl qu`, shk p`rfuhiha n` s`duhr `m tr`k su clrigl, s`l lvhslnl ml lutarhnln qu` n`el hkstruhr mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls y liarnlr `m m`vlktlch`kta n` mas ilnìv`r`s? y mls p`rsakls lkt`nhigls r`iad`rìk `k `m lita iak prakthtun mas nltas y lkt`i`n`kt`s pr`ihsas, qu` iacukhilrìk l ml clyar er`v`nln l ml Lutarhnln iacp`t`kt` plrl ml hkstruiihùk n` mls prhc`rls nhmhd`kihls iak `m bhk n` qu` pu`nl `simlr`i`rs` `m cathva n`m shkh`stra. 9) @k mas n`mhtas n` raea, raea, gurta, `stlbl, y `k iulmquh`r atra `k qu` n`el gli`rs` iakstlr iakstlr ml pr``xhst`kihl n` mls iasls raelnls, gurtlnls a `stlblnls, sh ka gueh`r` t`sthdas pr`s`kihlm`s n`m g`iga, s` r`ihehrì hkbarclihùk saer` mas lkt`i`n`kt`s n`m qu` s` pr`s`ktlr` iaca ldrlvhlna, y saer` tanls mls ihriukstlkihls qu` abr`ih`r`k hknhihas n` glmmlrs` `st` pas`y`kna lqu`mmls lm th`cpa `k qu` r`sumt` iac`thna `m n`mhta. Iulkna plrl ml ilmhbhilihùk n`m n`mhta n`mhta a n` sus sus ihriukstlkihls ihriukstlkihls bu`r` k`i`slrha `sthclr `m `m vlmar n` ml iasl qu` gueh`r` shna su aef`ta a `m hcpart` n`m p`rfuhiha iluslna a qu` gueh`rl panhna iluslrs`, `m Fu`z ahrì saer` `mma lm nu`üa a p`rfunhilna, y liarnlrì n`spuès `m r`iakaihch`kta p`rhihlm. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl blihmhtlrì l mas p`rhtas kacerlnas mls iasls y `m`c`ktas nhr`itas n` lpr`ihlihùk saer` qu` gueh`r` n` r`il`r `m hkbarc`. Yh tlm`s `b`itas ka `stuvh`r`k l nhspashihùk n`m ùrdlka funhihlm, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl m`s suchkhstrlrì mas nltas apartukas qu` s` punh`r`k r`ukhr, l bhk n` qu`, `k tlm ilsa, gldlk ml tlslihùk y r`dumlihùk n` p`rfuhihas n` uk cana prun`kt`, iak lrr`dma l mas nltas suchkhstrlnas. Ml vlmarlihùk n` mls c`rilkiãls sustrlãnls `k `stlem`ihch`ktas iac`rihlm`s s` bhflrì lt`knh`kna l su pr`iha n` v`ktl lm pöemhia. >) @k mas ilsas n` `kv`k`klch`kta, `kv`k`klch`kta, g`rhnls u atrls m`shak`s iulm`squh`rl, iulm`squh`rl, qu`nlrì `m Cènhia Bar`ks` Bar`ks` `kilrdlna n` ml lshst`kihl bliumtlthvl n`m plih`kt`, l ka s`r qu` `st` a su blchmhl pr`bh`rlk ml n` uka <55   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha a cìs prab`sar`s n` su `m`iihùk, `k iuya ilsa iaks`rvlrì lqu`m ml hksp`iihùk y vhdhmlkihl qu` m` hkiuce` plrl mm`klr `m iarr`spaknh`kt` s`rvhiha cènhia-bar`ks`. @m prai`slna prai`slna t`knrì t`knrì n`r`iga l n`shdklr n`shdklr uk prab`sar prab`sar qu`, qu`, iak mas kacerlnas kacerlnas par par `m Fu`z hkstruitar hkstruitar a `m n`shdklna par ml plrt` liuslnarl, hkt`rv`kdl `k ml lshst`kihl n`m plih`kt`. Iulkna `m Cènhia Bar`ks` a, `k su n`b`ita, `m `m n`shdklna a n`shdklnas n`shdklnas par `m Fu`z hkstruitar ka `stuvh`r`k iakbarc`s iak `m trltlch`kta pmlk iurlthva `cpm`lna par mas Bliumtlthvas qu` `m plih`kt` a su blchmhl gueh`s`k kacerlna, nlrìk plrt` l nhiga Fu`z hkstruitar l mas `b`itas qu` `k  fusthihl prai`nlk. Ma chsca panrì panrì gli`r `k su ilsa `m bliumtlthva n`shdklna n`shdklna par `m prai`slna. prai`slna. @m Fu`z Fu`z hkstruitar, iulkna tlm nhsiarnhl r`sumtlr`, n`shdklrì clyar clyar köc`ra n` prab`sar`s prab`sar`s plrl qu` clkhbh`st`k su plr`i`r y, iakshdklnas tanas mas nltas k`i`slrhas, s` t`knrìk pr`s`kt`s plrl iulkna `k su nãl glyl n` blmmlrs` ml ilusl. Mls lkt`rhar`s pr`vhshak`s sak lpmhilem`s lpmhilem`s iulkna `m plih`kt` plih`kt` hkdr`s` `k ml iìri`m, gasphtlm gasphtlm u atra `stlem`ihch`kta y s`l lshsthna par mas Bliumtlthvas n` mas chscas. Yh `m g`iga irhchklm irhchklm qu` cathvlr` ml barclihùk barclihùk n` ukl ilusl iulmquh`rl iakshsth`s` `k m`shak`s, m`shak`s, mas mas cènhias qu` lshsth`r`k lm g`rhna `stlrìk aemhdlnas l nlr plrt` n` su `stlna y ln`mlktas `k mas p`rãanas qu` s` m`s s`ülm`k, ` hkc`nhltlc`kt` qu` aiurrl iulmquh`r kav`nln qu` c`r`zil s`r pu`stl `k iakaihch`kta n`m Fu`z hkstruitar. 0) Mas Fuzdlnas y ^rheuklm`s ^rheuklm`s arn`klrìk ml prìithil n` mas lkìmhshs quãchias quãchias ökhilc`kt` ökhilc`kt` `k mas ilsas `k qu` s` iakshn`r`k lesamutlc`kt` hknhsp`kslem`s plrl ml k`i`slrhl hkv`sthdlihùk funhihlm y ml r`itl lnchkhstrlihùk n` fusthihl. Yh`cpr` qu` iakiurrlk iakiurrlk lir`nhtlnls lir`nhtlnls rlzak`s qu` qu` ma fusthbhqu`k, `m Fu`z Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk panrì liarnlr, liarnlr, `k r`samuihùk cathvlnl, ml aet`kihùk n` cu`strls ehamùdhils n`m sasp`igasa qu` r`sumt`k hknhsp`kslem`s plrl ml n`t`rchklihùk n` su p`rbhm n` LNK. L tlm bhk, panrì n`ihnhr ml prìithil n` lqu`mmas litas n` hksp`iihùk, r`iakaihch`kta a hkt`rv`kihùk iarparlm qu` r`sumt`k ln`iulnas l mas prhkihphas n` praparihaklmhnln y rlzaklehmhnln. 2) @k khkdök ilsa lnchthrì `m Fu`z nurlkt` `m suclrha r`imlclihak r`imlclihak`s `s kh t`ri`rãls qu` t`kdlk par aef`ta ml n`vamuihùk n` mas `b`itas qu` iaksthtuy`k `m iu`rpa n`m n`mhta, iulmquh`rl qu` s`l su imls` y ml p`rsakl qu` mas r`imlc`. 4) Y` `kt`kn`rì par ihriumlihùk a `ktr`dl vhdhmlnl ml tèikhil iakshst`kt` iakshst`kt` `k p`rchthr qu` r`c`sls hmãihtls a sasp`igasls n` nradls tùxhils, sustlkihls pshiatrùphils u atrls sustlkihls praghehnls, mas `quhpas, clt`rhlm`s y sustlkihls l qu` s` r`bh`r` `m lplrtlna lkt`rhar, mls sustlkihls par mls qu` s` glyl susthtuhna mls lkt`rharc`kt` c`kihaklnls, lsã iaca mas eh`k`s y dlklkihls prai`n`kt`s n` ih`rtls lithvhnln`s n`mhithvls thphbhilnls `k `m Iùnhda Z`klm, ihrium`k par t`rrhtarha `splüam a slmdlk a `ktr`k `k èm shk hkt`rb`r`kihl aestlthvl n` ml lutarhnln a sus ld`kt`s y elfa su vhdhmlkihl, iak `m bhk n` n`siuerhr a hn`kthbhilr l mls p`rsakls hkvamuirlnls `k ml iachshùk n` lmdök n`mhta r`mlthva l nhigls nradls, sustlkihls, `quhpas, clt`rhlm`s, eh`k`s y dlklkihls, lsã iaca tlcehèk pr`stlr luxhmha l lutarhnln`s `xtrlkf`rls `k `sas chscas bhk`s. @m Fu`z Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk iacp`t`kt` iacp`t`kt` y `m Chkhst`rha Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, Bhsilm, lsã iaca mas mas F`b`s F`b`s n` mls Pkhnln`s Pkhnln`s ArdìkhArdìkhils n` Zamhiãl Funhihlm, i`ktrlm`s a n` ìcehta pravhkihlm, y sus clknas sup`rhar`s panrìk lutarhzlr ml ihriumlihùk a `ktr`dl vhdhmlnl n` nradls tùxhils, `stup`blih`kt`s a sustlkihls pshiatrùphils, lsã iaca n` atrls sustlkihls praghehnls. @stl c`nhnl c`nhnl n`e`rì n`e`rì liarnlrs` liarnlrs` par r`samuihùk buknlnl, `k ml qu` s` n`t`rchk` `xpmãihtlc`kt`, `k iulkta s`l pashem`, `m aef`ta n` lutarhzlihùk a `ktr`dl vhdhmlnl, lsã iaca `m thpa y ilkthnln n` ml sustlkihl n` qu` s` trlt`. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <59 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Zlrl lnaptlr lnaptlr `stls c`nhnls s` t`knrì t`knrì `k iu`ktl su k`i`shnln l mas bhk`s n` n` hkv`sthdlihùk hkv`sthdlihùk `k `k r`mlihùk r`mlihùk iak ml hcpartlkihl n`m n`mhta y iak mls pashehmhnln`s n` vhdhmlkihl. @m Fu`z qu` nhit` ml r`samuihùk nlrì trlsmlna n` iaphl n` ml chscl lm Fuzdlna N`ilka n` su furhsnhiihùk, `m iulm t`knrì iustanhlna uk r`dhstra n` nhigls r`samuihak`s. 5.5 Hn`kthbhilihùk n`m pr`sukta n`mhkiu`kt` L. U`iakaihch U`iakaihch`kta `kta funhihlm Iulktas nhrhflk ilrda l n`t`rchklnl p`rsakl n`e`rìk r`iakai`rml funhihlmc`kt`, sh `m Fu`z hkstruitar, mas liuslnar`s a `m chsca hkiumplna iaki`ptölk buknlnlc`kt` pr`ihsl ml nhmhd`kihl plrl ml hn`kthbhilihùk n` `st` ömthca, iak r`mlihùk l mas n`shdklkt`s, l bhk n` qu` ka abr`zil nunl quhèk `s ml p`rsakl l qu` lqu`mmas s` r`bh`r`k. @m qu` n`tuvh`r` a pr`knh`r` l lmdök pr`sukta iumplem` taclrì mls pr`iluihak`s k`i`slrhls plrl qu` `m n`t`khna a pr`sa ka gldl `k su p`rsakl a trlf` lmt`rlihùk lmdukl qu` pu`nl nhbhiumtlr su r`iakaihch`kta par quh`k iarr`spaknl. Lkìmadls pr`iluihak`s n`e`rìk taclr mas Lmilhn`s n` mls iìri`m`s y mas F`b`s n` mas n`pùshtas n` n`t`khnas? y sh `k mas `stlem`ihch`ktas n` su ilrda gueh`r` trlf` r`dmlc`ktlrha, iaks`rvlrìk iuhnlnaslc`kt` `m qu` mm`v`k mas pr`sas n`t`khnas lm hkdr`slr `k `m `stlem`ihch`kta, l bhk n` qu` pu`nlk v`sthrma iulktls v`i`s bu`r` iakv`kh`kt` plrl nhmhd`kihls n` r`iakaihch`kta. l. U`iakaihch`kta U`iakaihch`kta `k ru`nl (lrts. 928 y 94: M@Irh) Ml nhmhd`kihl n` r`iakaihch`kta s` prlithilrì pakh`kna l ml vhstl n`m qu` gueh`r` n` v`rhbhilrma ml p`rsakl qu` glyl n` s`r r`iakaihnl, glihèknaml iacplr`i`r `k ukhùk iak atrls n` ihriukstlkihls `xt`rhar`s s`c`flkt`s. L pr`s`kihl n` tanls `mmls, a n`sn` uk pukta `k qu` ka punh`r` s`r vhsta, s`dök lm  Fu`z plr`ih`r` cìs iakv`kh`kt`, iakv`kh`kt`, `m qu` n`el prlithilr prlithilr `m r`iakaihch`kta clkhb`stlrì clkhb`stlrì sh s` `kiu`ktrl `k ml ru`nl a drupa ml p`rsakl l quh`k gueh`s` g`iga r`b`r`kihl `k sus n`imlrlihak`s, n`shdkìknaml, `k ilsa lbhrclthva, imlrl y n`t`rchklnlc`kt`. @k ml nhmhd`kihl qu` s` `xth`knl s` glrìk iakstlr tanls mls ihriukstlkihls n`m lita, lsã iaca mas kacer`s n` tanas mas qu` gueh`s`k barclna ml ru`nl a drupa. Iulkna bu`r`k vlrhas mas qu` gueh`r`k n` r`iakai`r l ukl p`rsakl, ml nhmhd`kihl `xpr`slnl n`e`rì prlithilrs` s`plrlnlc`kt` iak ilnl uka n` `mmas, shk qu` pu`nlk iacukhilrs` `ktr` sã glstl qu` s` glyl `b`itulna `m ömthca r`iakaihch`kta. Iulkna bu`r`k vlrhas mas qu` gueh`r`k n` s`r r`iakaihnas par ukl chscl p`rsakl, panrì gli`rs` `m r`iakaihch`kta n` tanas `k uk sama lita. e. U`iakaihch`kta batadrìbhia @xhd` qu` s` r`lmhi` saer` ìmeuc? pranuihna `m r`iakaihch`kta s` m`vlktlrl `m litl iarr`spaknh`kt`, trls ma iulm, l ml bata r`iakaihnl s` m` lnfuktlrìk > cìs l `b`itas n` ukl 5ª hn`kthbhilihùk n` ml qu` s` m`vlktlrì tlcehèk litl bhrclnl par tanas mas pr`s`kt`s. i. U`iakaihch`kta n` vai`s Iak hdulm tèikhil y r`quhshtas qu` mas pr`vhstas plrl `m r`iakaihch`kta `k ru`nl, s` v`rhbhilrì c`nhlkt` ml m`iturl n` uk t`xta par tanas mas hkt`drlkt`s n` ml ru`nl n` vai`s. <5>   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha n. Atras c`nhas n` hn`kthbhilihùk Y` r`bh`r`k l pru`els p`rhihlm`s vhn`adrìbhils, bhsakùchils, nlithmasiùphils drlbamùdhils, tèikhil n` hn`kthbhilihùk n` vai`s pru`els n` LNK, `ti. E. Hn`kthnln n`m prai`slna l. Yupu`stas `k mas qu` `xhst`k nunls saer` ml hn`kthnln n`m prai`slna Yh s` arhdhkls` lmdukl nunl saer` ml hn`kthnln n`m prai`slna, s` praiurlrì lir`nhtlr `stl par iulktas c`nhas bu`r`k iaknui`kt`s plrl `st` bhk. @m Fu`z glrì iakstlr, iak ml chkuihashnln pashem`, mls s`üls p`rsaklm`s n`m prai`slna, l bhk n` qu` ml nhmhd`kihl pu`nl s`rvhr n` pru`el n` su hn`kthnln. Zlrl lir`nhtlr ml `nln n`m prai`slna y iacpraelr ml hn`kthnln n` su p`rsakl, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl trl`rì lm suclrha i`rthbhilihùk n` su hksirhpihùk n` klihch`kta `k `m U`dhstra Ihvhm a n` su plrthnl n` eluthsca, sh ka `stuvh`r` hksirhta `k `m U`dhstra. @k tana ilsa, iulkna ka bu`r` pashem` lv`rhdulr `m U`dhstra Ihvhm a plrraquhl `k qu` n`el iakstlr `m klihch`kta a `m eluthsca n`m prai`slna, a ka `xhsth`s`k su hksirhpihùk y plrthnl? y iulkna par clkhb`stlr `m prai`slna gle`r klihna `k pukta m`flka gueh`r` k`i`shnln n` `cpm`lr cuiga th`cpa `k trl`r l ml ilusl ml i`rthbhilihùk apartukl, ka s` n`t`knrì `m suclrha, y s` supmhrì `m naiuc`kta par hkbarc` qu` li`ril n` ml `nln n`m prai`slna, y pr`vha su `xlc`k bãshia, nh`r`k mas Cènhias Bar`ks`s a mas kacerlnas par `m Fu`z. Ka aestlkt`, `k `m Zrai`nhch`kta Ler`vhlna panrì pr`sihknhrs` n` ml hn`kthbhilihùk c`nhlkt` ml lpartlihùk n`m i`rthbhilna n` klihch`kta sh`cpr` qu` s` mm`v` l ilea l trlvès n`m NKH. e. Yupu`stas `k mas qu` ka abr`i` nunl ml hn`kthnln n`m prai`slna Iulkna ka abr`ih`r` nunl ml hn`kthnln n`m prai`slna, y iakaihnlc`kt` tuvh`s` ml `nln qu` `m Iùnhda Z`klm r`quh`r` plrl pan`rm` `xhdhr ml r`spakslehmhnln irhchklm `k tanl su `xt`kshùk, panrì pr`sihknhrs` n` ml fusthbhilihùk `xpr`slnl lkt`rharc`kt`, sh su prìithil abr`ih`s` lmdukl nhbhiumtln u ailshakls` nhmlihak`s `xtrlarnhklrhls. @k mls litulihak`s sui`shvls y nurlkt` `m fuhiha, `m prai`slna s`rì n`shdklna iak `m kacer` iak qu` bu`r` iakaihna a iak `m qu` èm chsca nhf`r` t`k`r. Yh `m Fu`z hkstruitar ma iakshn`rls` iakv`kh`kt`, panrì p`nhr hkbarc`s saer` `m prai`slna l mls Lmilmnãls a l mas iarr`spaknh`kt`s bukihaklrhas bukihaklrhas n` pamhiãl n`m pu`ema a pu`emas `k qu` gueh`s` r`shnhna. @stas hkbarc`s s`rìk buknlnas, y sh ka bu`r` pashem` buknlrmas, s` clkhb`stlrì ml ilusl qu` ma hcphnh`r`. Mas qu` mas nh`r`k ka iaktrl`rìk r`spakslehmhnln lmdukl, slmva `k `m ilsa n` nama a k`dmhd`kihl drlv`. Zanrì, ln`cìs, `m Fu`z r`ihehr n`imlrlihùk li`ril n` ml iaknuitl n`m prai`slna l tanls mls p`rsakls qu` par `m iakaihch`kta qu` tuvh`rlk n` `st` pu`nlk hmustrlrs` saer` `mma. I. Lkt`i`n`kt`s p`klm`s n`m n`m prai`slna prai`slna Y` trl`rìk l ml ilusl mas lkt`i`n`kt`s p`klm`s n`m prai`slna. @m F`b` n`m U`dhstra `k `m Chkhst`rha n` Fusthihl `stì aemhdlna l nlr mas lkt`i`n`kt`s qu` s` m` r`imlc`k, a i`rthbhilihùk k`dlthvl `k su ilsa, `k `m hcprarradlem` tèrchka n` tr`s nãls, l iaktlr n`sn` lqu`m `k qu` s` r`ihel ml p`thihùk, fusthbhilkna, sh lsã ka ma ghih`r`, ml ilusl m`dãthcl qu` ma gueh`s` hcp`nhna. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <50 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 @k mas Fuzdlnas s` lt`kn`rì tlcehèk pr`b`r`kt`c`kt` lm iucpmhch`kta n` `st` s`rvhiha, n`eh`kna s`r iarr`dhnas nhsihpmhklrhlc`kt` mas bukihaklrhas qu` ma past`rdu`k. I`rthbhilna n`  Lkt`i`n`kt`s Z`klm`s N. N`mhkiu`kt` iak `klf`klihùk c`ktlm Yh `m Fu`z lnvhrth`s` `k `m prai`slna hknhihas n` `klf`klihùk c`ktlm, m` sac`t`rì hkc`nhltlc`kt` l ml aes`rvlihùk n` mas Cènhias bar`ks`s `k `m `stlem`ihch`kta `k qu` `stuvh`s` pr`sa, a `k atra pöemhia sh bu`r` cìs l prapùshta a `stuvh`s` `k mhe`rtln. Yh ml n`c`kihl saer`vhkh`rl n`spuès n` iac`thna `m n`mhta, iakimusa qu` s`l `m suclrha, s` clknlrì lrighvlr ml ilusl par `m ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt` glstl qu` `m prai`slna r`iaer` ml slmun, nhspakhèknas` ln`cìs r`sp`ita n` `st` ma qu` `m Iùnhda p`klm pr`sirhe` plrl mas qu` `f`iutlk `m g`iga `k `stlna n` n`c`kihl. Yh gueh`s` lmdök atra prai`slna par rlzùk n`m chsca n`mhta qu` ka s` `kiaktrls` `k `m ilsa n`m lkt`rhar, iakthkulrì ml ilusl samlc`kt` `k iulkta lm chsca. @. N`imlrlihùk n`m prai`slna @m Fu`z, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a n`m qu`r`mmlkt` plrthiumlr, glrì qu` mas prai`slnas pr`st`k iulktls n`imlrlihak`s iakshn`r` iakv`kh`kt`s plrl ml lv`rhdulihùk n` mas g`igas, shk qu` kh `m liuslnar prhvlna kh `m litar ihvhm pu`nlk `stlr pr`s`kt`s lm hkt`rradltarha, iulkna lsã ma nhspakdl `m Fu`z hkstruitar. Yh `m prai`slna `stuvh`r` n`t`khna, s` m` r`ihehrì ml prhc`rl n`imlrlihùk n`ktra n`m tèrchka n` v`hkthiultra garls. @st` pmlza panrì prarradlrs` par atrls iulr`ktl y aiga sh c`nhlr` ilusl drlv`, ml iulm s` `xpr`slrì `k ml pravhn`kihl `k qu` s` liarnls` ml prùrradl. Ka s` `xhdhrì furlc`kta l mas prai`slnas, `xgartìknam`s samlc`kt` l n`ihr v`rnln y lnvhrthèknam`s `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk qu` n`e`k r`spakn`r n` ukl clk`rl pr`ihsl, imlrl y iakbarc` l ml v`rnln l mls pr`duktls qu` m`s bu`r`k g`igls. @k ml prhc`rl n`imlrlihùk s`rì pr`duktlna `m prai`slna par su kacer`, lp`mmhnas plt`rka y clt`rka, lpana, sh ma tuvh`rl, `nln, klturlm`zl, v`ihknln, `stlna, prab`shùk, lrt`, abhiha a cana n` vhvhr, sh th`k` ghfas, sh bu` prai`slna lkt`rharc`kt`, par què n`mhta, lkt` què Fu`z a ^rheuklm, què p`kl s` m` hcpusa, sh ml iucpmhù, sh sle` m``r y `sirhehr y sh iakai` `m cathva par qu` s` m` gl prai`slna. Mls pr`duktls qu` s` m` gldlk `k tanls mls n`imlrlihak`s qu` gueh`rl n` pr`stlr s` nhrhdhrìk l ml lv`rhdulihùk n` mas g`igas y l ml plrthihplihùk `k `mmas n`m prai`slna y n` mls n`cìs p`rsakls qu` gueh`r`k iaktrheuhna l `f`iutlrmas a `kiuerhrmas. <52   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Mls pr`duktls s`rìk nhr`itls, shk qu` par khkdök iaki`pta pu`nlk glièrs`m` n` uk cana ilpihasa a sud`sthva. ^lcpaia s` panrì `cpm`lr iak `m prai`slna dèk`ra lmduka n` ialiihùk a lc`klzl. Mls r`mlihak`s qu` gldlk mas prai`slnas a r`spu`stls qu` n`k s`rìk arlm`s. Yhk `celrda, `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk, t`kh`kna sh`cpr` `k iu`ktl mls ihriukstlkihls n` lqu`mmas y ml klturlm`zl n` ml ilusl, panrì p`rchthrm`s qu` r`nlit`k l su pr`s`kihl ukl iakt`stlihùk `sirhtl saer` puktas nhbãihm`s n` `xpmhilr, a qu` tlcehèk iaksumt`k l su pr`s`kihl lpukt`s a katls. Y` paknrìk n` clkhbh`sta lm prai`slna tanas mas aef`tas qu` iaksthtuy`k `m iu`rpa n`m n`mhta a mas qu` `m Fu`z iakshn`r` iakv`kh`kt`, l bhk n` qu` mas r`iakazil. Y` m` hkt`rradlrì saer` ml prai`n`kihl n` nhigas aef`tas su n`sthka y ml rlzùk n` gle`rmas `kiaktrlna `k su pan`r y, `k d`k`rlm, s`rì sh`cpr` hkt`rradlna saer` iulmquh`rl atrl ihriukstlkihl qu` iaknuzil lm `simlr`ihch`kta n` ml v`rnln. @m Fu`z panrì arn`klr lm prai`slna, p`ra shk `cpm`lr khkdök dèk`ra n` ialiihùk, qu` `sirhel l su pr`s`kihl lmdukls plmlerls a brls`s iulkna `stl c`nhnl ml iakshn`r` öthm plrl n`svlk`i`r mls nunls qu` surflk saer` ml m`dhthchnln n` uk `sirhta qu` s` m` ltrheuyl. Iulkna `m prai`slna r`gös` iakt`stlr a s` bhkfl maia, sarna a cuna, `m Fu`z hkstruitar m` lnv`rthrì qu`, ka aestlkt` su shm`kiha, y su shcumlnl `kb`rc`nln, s` iakthkulrì ml hkstruiihùk n`m prai`sa. N` `stls ihriukstlkihls s` taclrì rlzùk par `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl, y `m Fu`z hkstruitar prai`n`rì l hkv`sthdlr ml v`rnln n` ml `kb`rc`nln qu` lplr`kt` `m prai`slna. Iulkna `m `xlc`k n`m prai`slna s` pramakdu` cuiga th`cpa, a `m köc`ra n` pr`duktls qu` s` m` glylk g`iga s`l tlk iakshn`rlem` qu` gueh`s` p`rnhna ml s`r`khnln n` fuhiha k`i`slrhl plrl iakt`stlr l ma n`cìs qu` n`el pr`duktìrs`m`, s` susp`kn`rì `m `xlc`k, iaki`nh`kna lm prai`slna `m th`cpa k`i`slrha plrl n`silkslr y r`iup`rlr ml ilmcl. Yh`cpr` s` glrì iakstlr `k ml n`imlrlihùk chscl `m th`cpa qu` s` glyl hkv`rthna `k `m hkt`rradltarha. @m prai`slna ka panrì, l pr`t`xta n` hkiacp`t`kihl n`m Fu`z, `xiuslrs` n` iakt`stlr l mls pr`duktls qu` s` m` nhrhflk, sh eh`k panrì prat`stlr ml hkiacp`t`kihl, iakshdkìknas` lsã `k mas lutas. Y` p`rchthrì lm prai`slna clkhb`stlr iulkta t`kdl par iakv`kh`kt` plrl su `xiumplihùk a plrl ml `xpmhilihùk n` mas g`igas, `vliuìknas` iak urd`kihl mls ihtls qu` ghih`r` y mls n`cìs nhmhd`kihls qu` prapush`r`, sh `m Fu`z mls `sthcl iaknui`kt`s plrl ml iacpraelihùk n` sus clkhb`stlihak`s. @k khkdök ilsa panrìk gli`rs` lm prai`slna ilrdas kh r`iakv`kihak`s, kh s` m` m``rì plrt` lmdukl n`m suclrha cìs qu` sus n`imlrlihak`s lkt`rhar`s sh ma phnh`r`, l ka s`r qu` `m Fu`z gueh`s` lutarhzlna ml puemhihnln n` lqu`m `k tana a `k plrt`. @m prai`slna panrì nhitlr par sã chsca mls n`imlrlihak`s. Yh ka ma ghih`r`, ma glrì `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl praiurlkna, `k iulkta bu`r` pashem`, iakshdklr mls chscls plmlerls n` qu` lqu`m s` gueh`s` vlmhna. @m prai`slna panrì n`imlrlr iulktls v`i`s quhsh`r`, y `m Fu`z m` r`ihehrì hkc`nhltlc`kt` ml n`imlrlihùk sh tuvh`r` r`mlihùk iak ml ilusl. @k ml n`imlrlihùk s` iakshdklrìk ãkt`drlc`kt` mls pr`duktls y mls iakt`stlihak`s. @m prai`slna panrì m``r ml n`imlrlihùk, y `m Fu`z m` `kt`rlrì n` qu` m` lshst` `st` n`r`iga. Yh ka uslr` n` èm, ml m``rì `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl l su pr`s`kihl. Ml nhmhd`kihl s` bhrclrì par tanas mas qu` gueh`s`k hkt`rv`khna `k `m lita, y s` lutarhzlrì par `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <54 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Yh `k mls n`imlrlihak`s past`rhar`s s` push`r` `m prai`slna `k iaktrlnhiihùk iak sus n`imlrlihak`s prhc`rls a r`trlitlr` sus iakb`shak`s lkt`rhar`s, n`e`rì s`r hkt`rradlna saer` `m cùvhm n` sus iaktrlnhiihak`s y saer` mls ilusls n` su r`trlitlihùk. Ml iakb`shùk n`m prai`slna ka nhsp`kslrì lm Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk n` prlithilr tanls mls nhmhd`kihls k`i`slrhls l bhk n` lnquhrhr `m iakv`kihch`kta n` ml v`rnln n` ml iakb`shùk y n` ml `xhst`kihl n`m n`mhta. Iak `st` aef`ta, `m Fu`z hkstruitar hkt`rradlrì lm prai`slna iakb`sa plrl qu` `xpmhqu` tanls mls ihriukstlkihls n`m n`mhta y iulkta pu`nl iaktrheuhr l iacpraelr su iakb`shùk, sh bu` lutar a iùcpmhi` y sh iakai` l lmdukls p`rsakls qu` bu`r`k t`sthdas a tuvh`r`k iakaihch`kta n`m g`iga. 5.9 Ml hksp`iihùk aiumlr L. Iaki`pta y r`dumlihùk Ml hksp`iihùk aiumlr iakshst` `k `m `xlc`k `b`itulna n` barcl p`rsaklm y nhr`itl par `m Fu`z n` aef`tas y n` p`rsakls, plrl lpr`ihlr ihriukstlkihls a nltas qu` pu`nlk r`sumtlr öthm`s plrl `m `simlr`ihch`kta n` mas g`igas. Yu r`dumlihùk s` `kiu`ktrl `k mas lrts. 952 l 999 M@Irh. E. U`dmls d`k`rlm`s ^anls mls nhmhd`kihls s` `xt`kn`rìk par `sirhta `k `m chsca lita n` ml hksp`iihùk aiumlr, y s`rìk bhrclnls par `m Fu`z Hkstruitar, `m Bhsilm sh lshsth`r` lm lita, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl y mls p`rsakls qu` s` glmmlr`k pr`s`kt`s. Iulkna lm prlithilrs` mls nhmhd`kihls lkt`rhar`s gueh`s` lmdukl p`rsakl n`imlrlnl prai`slnl iaca pr`suktl lutarl n`m g`iga pukhem`, panrì pr`s`kihlrmls yl saml, yl lshsthnl n`m n`b`ksar qu` `mhdh`s` a m` bu`r` kacerlna n` abhiha, sh lsã ma samhihtlrl? uka y atra panrìk gli`r `k `m lita mls aes`rvlihak`s qu` `sthc`k p`rthk`kt`s, mls iulm`s s` iakshdklrìk par nhmhd`kihls, sh ka bu`r`k li`ptlnls. Lm `b`ita `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m prai`slna `m liu`rna r`mlthva l ml prìithil n` ml nhmhd`kihl iak ml lkthihplihùk qu` p`rchtl su ãknam` y ka s` susp`kn`rì par ml blmtl n` iacplr`i`kihl n`m prai`slna a n` su n`b`ksar. Hdulm n`r`iga lshst` l quh`k s` glmm` prhvlna n` mhe`rtln `k rlzùk n` `stls nhmhd`kihls. I. Zrìithil n` ml hksp`iihùk hksp`iihùk aiumlr aiumlr l. Iulkna `m n`mhta qu` s` p`rshdl glyl n`flna v`sthdhas a pru`els clt`rhlm`s n` su p`rp`trlihùk Iulkna `m n`mhta qu` s` p`rshdl glyl n`flna v`sthdhas a pru`els clt`rhlm`s n` su p`rp`trlihùk, `m Fu`z hkstruitar a `m qu` gldl sus v`i`s arn`klrì qu` s` r`iaflk y iaks`rv`k plrl `m fuhiha arlm sh bu`r` pash em`, prai`nh`kna lm `b`ita l ml hksp`iihùk aiumlr y l ml n`sirhpihùk n` tana lqu`mma qu` pu`nl t`k`r r`mlihùk iak ml `xhst`kihl y klturlm`zl n`m g`iga. L `st` bhk glrì iakshdklr `k mas lutas ml n`sirhpihùk n`m mudlr n`m n`mhta, `m shtha y `stlna `k qu` s` glmm`k mas aef`tas qu` `k èm s` `kiu`ktr`k, mas liihn`kt`s n`m t`rr`ka a shtulihùk n` mls glehtlihak`s, y tanas mas n`cìs n`tlmm`s qu` pu`nlk uthmhzlrs`, tlkta plrl ml liuslihùk iaca plrl ml n`b`ksl. Iulkna s` push`rl n` clkhbh`sta ml `xhst`kihl n` gu`mmls a v`sthdhas iuya lkìmhshs ehamùdhia punh`rl iaktrheuhr lm `simlr`ihch`kta n`m g`iga hkv`sthdlna, `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk lnaptlrì u arn`klrì l ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm a lm cènhia bar`ks` qu` lnapt` mls c`nhnls k`i`slrhls plrl qu` ml r`iadhnl, r `iadhnl, iustanhl y <57   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha `xlc`k n` lqu`mmls cu`strls s` v`rhbhqu` `k iaknhihak`s qu` dlrlkthi`k su lut`kthihnln (shk p`rfuhiha n` su r`iadhnl pr`vhl par ml Zamhihl Funhihlm `k ilsa n` p`mhdra n` n`slplrhihùk). Iulkna bu`s` iakv`kh`kt` plrl clyar imlrhnln a iacpraelihùk n` mas g`igas, s` m`vlktlrì `m pmlka n`m mudlr subhih`kt`c`kt` n`tlmmlna a s` glrì `m r`trlta n` mls plrt`s qu` gueh`r`k shna aef`ta n`m n`mhta, a ml iaphl a nhs`üa n` mas `b`itas a hkstruc`ktas n`m chsca qu` s` gueh`s`k glmmlna. Yh s` trltls` n` uk raea a n` iulmquh`r atra n`mhta iac`thna iak brliturl, `silmlch`kta a vham`kihl, `m  Fu`z Hkstruitar n`e`rì n`sirhehr mas v`sthdhas qu` glyl n`flna, y iaksumtlrì `m plr`i`r n` p`rhtas saer` ml clk`rl, hkstruc`ktas, c`nhas a th`cpa n` ml `f`iuihùk n`m n`mhta. Zlrl mm`vlr l ilea ma pr`vhsta `k mas pìrrlbas lkt`rhar`s, Fu`z Hkstruitar panrì arn`klr qu` ka s` lus`kt`k nurlkt` ml nhmhd`kihl n` n`sirhpihùk mls p`rsakls qu` gueh`r`k shna glmmlnls `k `m mudlr n`m n`mhta, y qu` iacplr`zilk ln`cìs hkc`nhltlc`kt` mls qu` s` `kiaktrlr`k `k iulmquh`r atra shtha prùxhca, r`iheh`kna l tanls s`plrlnlc`kt` ml apartukl n`imlrlihùk. e. Iulkna ka glylk qu`nlna gu`mmls a v`sthdhas n`m n`mhta qu` gl nlna mudlr lm suclrha @m Fu`z Hkstruitar lv`rhdulrì y glrì iakstlr, sh`kna pashem`, sh ml n`slplrhihùk n` mls pru`els clt`rhlm`s gl aiurrhna klturlm, ilsulm a hkt`kihaklnlc`kt`, y mls ilusls n` ml chscl a mas c`nhas qu` plrl `mma s` gueh`r`k `cpm`lna, prai`nh`kna s`duhnlc`kt` l r`iad`r y iakshdklr `k `m suclrha mls pru`els n` iulmquh`r imls` qu` s` pu`nlk lnquhrhr li`ril n` ml p`rp`trlihùk n`m n`mhta. Iulkna `m n`mhta bu`r` n` mas qu` ka n`flk gu`mmls n` su p`rp`trlihùk, `m Fu`z Hkstruitar praiurlrì gli`r iakstlr par n`imlrlihak`s n` t`sthdas y par mas c`nhas n` iacpraelihùk, ml `f`iuihùk n`m n`mhta y sus ihriukstlkihls, lsã iaca ml pr``xhst`kihl n` ml iasl iulkna `m n`mhta gueh`r` t`khna par aef`ta ml sustrliihùk n` ml chscl. 5.> N`imlrlihak`s t`sthbhilm`s L. Aemhdlihùk n` iakiurrhr iakiurrhr lm mmlclch`kta l. Aemhdlihùk n` iakiurrhr y n`imlrlr  ^anas mas qu` r`shnlk `k t`rrhtarha `splüam, klihaklm`s a `xtrlkf`ras, qu` ka `stèk hcp`nhnas, t`knrìk aemhdlihùk n` iakiurrhr lm mmlclch`kta funhihlm plrl n`imlrlr iulkta suph`r`k saer` ma qu` m`s bu`r` pr`duktlna sh plrl `mma s` m`s ihtl iak mls barclmhnln`s pr`sirhtls `k ml M`y. e. @xi`pihak`s l ml aemhdlihùk n` iakiurrhr y n`imlrlr  Y` `xi`ptölk n` ma nhspu`sta `m U`y, ml U`hkl, sus r`sp`ithvas iaksart`s, `m Zrãkihp` G`r`n`ra y mas U`d`kt`s n`m U`hka. ^lcehèk `stìk `x`ktas n`m n`e`r n` n`imlrlr mas Ld`kt`s Nhpmacìthias lir`nhtlnas `k @splül, `k tana ilsa, y `m p`rsaklm lnchkhstrlthva, tèikhia a n` s`rvhiha n` mls chshak`s nhpmacìthils, lsã iaca sus blchmhlr`s, sh iakiurr`k `k `mmas mas r`quhshtas `xhdhnas `k mas trltlnas. i. @xi`pihak`s l ml aemhdlihùk n` iakiurrhr p`ra ka n` n`imlrlr  @stlrìk `x`ktls tlcehèk n` iakiurrhr lm mmlclch`kta n`m Fu`z, p`ra ka n` n`imlrlr, punh`kna gli`rma par `sirhta, mls n`cìs p`rsakls n` ml Blchmhl U`lm. @stìk `x`ktas n` iakiurrhr lm mmlclch`kta n`m Fu`z, p`ra ka n` n`imlrlr, punh`kna hkbarclr par `sirhta saer` mas g`igas n` qu` t`kdlk iakaihch`kta par rlzùk n` su ilrda6 `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <58 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 <¶ @m Zr`shn`kt` y mas n`cìs ch`ceras n`m Daeh`rka. 5¶ Mas Zr`shn`kt`s n`m n`m Iakdr`sa n` mas Nhputlnas Nhputlnas y n`m Y`klna. 9¶ @m Zr`shn`kt` Zr`shn`kt` n`m ^rheuklm Iaksthtuihaklm. Iaksthtuihaklm. >¶ @m Zr`shn`kt` n`m Iaks`fa D`k`rlm D`k`rlm n`m Zan`r Zan`r Funhihlm. 0¶ @m Bhsilm D`k`rlm n`m n`m @stlna. 2¶ Mas Zr`shn`kt`s Zr`shn`kt`s n` mls Iacukhnln`s Iacukhnln`s Lutùkacls. Lutùkacls. Yh bu`rl iakv`kh`kt` r`ihehr n`imlrlihùk l lmdukl n` mls p`rsakls l mls qu` s` r`bh`r` `m lplrtlna lkt`rhar saer` iu`sthak`s n` mls qu` ka glyl t`khna iakaihch`kta par rlzùk n` su ilrda, s` taclrì ml chscl `k su nachihmha a n`spliga abhihlm. \uh`k`s gueh`s`k n`s`cp`ülna mas c`kihaklnas ilrdas `stlrìk hdulmc`kt` `x`ktas n` iakiurrhr lm mmlclch`kta n`m Fu`z, p`ra ka n` n`imlrlr, punh`kna hkbarclr par `sirhta saer` mas g`igas n` qu` gueh`r`k t`khna iakaihch`kta par rlzùk n` su ilrda. @stlrìk `x`ktas tlcehèk n` iakiurrhr lm mmlclch`kta n`m Fu`z, p`ra ka n` n`imlrlr, pu`n`k gli`rma `k su n`spliga abhihlm a `k ml s`n` n`m ùrdlka n`m qu` s`lk ch`ceras6 <¶ Mas Nhputlnas y Y`klnar`s. Y`klnar`s. 5¶ Mas Cldhstrlnas n`m n`m ^rheuklm Iaksthtuihaklm y mas Railm`s Railm`s n`m Iaks`fa D`k`rlm D`k`rlm n`m Zan`r Funhihlm. Funhihlm. 9¶ Mas Bhsilm`s Bhsilm`s n` Ylml n`m ^rheuklm Yupr`ca. >¶ @m N`b`ksar N`b`ksar n`m Zu`ema. Zu`ema. 0¶ Mls Lutarhnln`s Funhihlm`s Funhihlm`s n` iulmquh`r arn`k furhsnhiihaklm furhsnhiihaklm n` ilt`darãl sup`rhar l ml n`m qu` r`ih eh`r` ml n`imlrlihùk. n`imlrlihùk. 2¶ Mas Zr`shn`kt`s n` n` mls Lslcem`ls M`dhsmlthvls M`dhsmlthvls n` mls Iacukhnln`s Iacukhnln`s Lutùkacls. 4¶ @m Zr`shn`kt` y mas Iaks`f`ras Iaks`f`ras Z`rclk`kt`s n`m Iaks`fa Iaks`fa n` @stlna. 7¶ @m Zr`shn`kt` y mas Iaks`f`ras n`m ^rheuklm n` n` Iu`ktls. 8¶ Mas ch`ceras n` mas Iaks`fas n` Daeh`rka Daeh`rka n` mls Iacukhnln`s Iacukhnln`s Lutùkacls. <:¶ Mas Y`ir`tlrhas n` @stlna, mas Yues`ir`tlrhas y lshchmlnas, mas N`m`dlnas n`m Daeh`rka `k mls Iacukhnln`s Lutùkacls y `k I`utl y C`mhmml, mas Dae`rklnar`s ihvhm`s (litulmc`kt` Yuen`m`dlnls n` Daeh`rka) y mas N`m`dlnas n` Glih`knl. Yh s` trltl n` ilrdas iuyl iacp`t`kihl `stè mhchtlnl t`rrhtarhlmc`kt`, sama s`rì lpmhilem` ml `x`kihùk iarr`spaknh`kt` r`sp`ita n` mls n`imlrlihak`s qu` gueh`r`k n` r`ihehrs` `k su t`rrhtarha, `xi`pihùk g`igl n` mas Zr`shn`kt`s n` mls Iacukhnln`s Lutùkacls y n` sus Lslcem`ls M`dhsmlthvls. @k iu`kta l mas ch`ceras n` mls Abhihkls Iaksumlr`s, s` `stlrì l ma nhspu`sta `k mas Iakv`khas Hkt`rklihaklm`s `k vhdar. Zlrl r`ihehr ml n`imlrlihùk `m Fu`z plslrì lm nachihmha a n`spliga abhihlm n` ml p`rsakl iaki`rkhnl, pr`vha lvhsa, s`ülmìknam` nãl y garl. Ml r`shst`kihl n` iulmquh`rl n` mls p`rsakls c`kihaklnls l r`ihehr `k su nachihmha a r`shn`kihl abhihlm lm Fu`z, a l n`imlrlr iulkta suph`r`k saer` ma qu` m`s bu`r` pr`duktlna r`sp`ita l mas g`igas n`m suclrha, s` paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm plrl mas `b`itas qu` prai`nlk. Yh nhigls p`rsakls hkiurrh`r`k `k ml r`shst`kihl `xpr`slnl, `m Fu`z ma iacukhilrì hkc`nhltlc`kt` lm Chkhst`rha n` Fusthihl, r`chth`kna t`sthcakha hkstruithva y s` lest`knrì n` tana prai`nhch prai`nhch`kta `kta r`sp`ita l `mmls, glstl qu` `m Chkhstra m` iacukhqu` ml r`samuihùk qu` saer` `m ilsa s` nhitlr`. <9:   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha n. Nhsp`ksl n` ml aemhdlihùk n` n`imlrlr  @stìk nhsp`kslnas n` ml aemhdlihùk n` n`imlrlr6 <¶ Mas plrh`kt`s n`m prai`slna `k mãk`ls nhr`itl lsi`kn`kt` y n`si`kn`kt`, su iùkyud` a p`rsakl ukhnl par r`mlihùk n` g`iga lkìmadl l ml cltrhcakhlm, sus g`rclkas iakslkduãk`as a ut`rhkas y mas iamlt`rlm`s iakslkduãk`as glstl `m s`dukna drlna ihvhm, lsã iaca mas plrh`kt`s l qu` s` r`bh`r` `m köc`ra 9 n`m lrtãiuma 52< (mas ghfas klturlm`s r`sp`ita n` ml clnr` `k tana ilsa, y r`sp`ita n`m plnr` iulkna `stuvh`r`k r`iakaihnas, lsã iaca ml clnr` y `m plnr` `k hdulm`s ilsas). @m Fu`z Fu`z hkstruitar lnv`rthrì lm t`sthda qu` qu` s` glmm` iacpr`knhna iacpr`knhna `k `m pìrrlba lkt`rhar qu` ka th`k` aemhdlihùk n` n`imlrlr `k iaktrl n`m prai`slna? p`ra qu` pu`n` gli`r mls clkhb`stlihak`s qu` iakshn`r` apartukls, y `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl iakshdklrì ml iakt`stlihùk qu` nh`r` l `stl lnv`rt`kihl. 5¶ @m Leadlna n`m prai`slna r`sp`ita l mas g`igas qu` `st` m` gueh`s` iakbhlna `k su ilmhnln n` n`b`ksar. Yh lmduka n` mas t`sthdas s` `kiaktrls` `kiaktrls` `k mls r`mlihak`s r`mlihak`s hknhilnls hknhilnls `k `k mas pìrrlbas pr`i`n`kt`s pr`i`n`kt`s iak uka a vlrhas n` mas prai`slnas, `stlrì aemhdlna l n`imlrlr r`sp`ita l mas n`cìs, l ka s`r qu` su n`imlrlihùk punh`rl iacprac`t`r l su plrh`kt` a n`b`knhna. 9¶ Mas trlnuitar`s ` hktèrpr`t`s n` mls iakv`rslihak`s iakv`rslihak`s y iacukhilihak`s `ktr` `m hcputlna, hcputlna, prai`slna a liuslna y mls p`rsakls l qu` s` r`bh`r` `m lplrtlna lkt`rhar, iak r`mlihùk l mas g`igas l qu` `stuvh`rl r`b`rhnl su trlnuiihùk a hkt`rpr`tlihùk. Ka panrìk s`r aemhdlnas l n`imlrlr iaca t`sthdas6 <¶ Mas `im`shìsthias y chkhstras n` mas iumtas nhshn`kt`s nhshn`kt`s saer` mas g`igas qu` m`s bu`r`k r`v`mlnas `k `m `f`rihiha n` mls bukihak`s n` su chkhst`rha. 5¶ Mas bukihaklrhas pöemhias, tlkta ihvhm`s iaca chmhtlr`s, n` iulmquh`r imls` qu` s`lk, iulkna ka punh`r`k n`imlrlr shk vhamlr `m s`ir`ta qu` par rlzùk n` sus ilrdas `stuvh`s`k aemhdlnas l dulrnlr, a iulkna, prai`nh`kna `k vhrtun n` ae`nh`kihl n`ehnl, ka bu`r`k lutarhzlnas par su sup`rhar f`rìrquhia plrl pr`stlr ml n`imlrlihùk qu` s` m`s phnl. 9¶ Mas hkilplihtlnas hkilplihtlnas bãshil bãshil a carlmc`kt`. Khkdök t`sthda panrì s`r aemhdlna l n`imlrlr li`ril n` ukl pr`duktl iuyl iakt`stlihùk pu`nl p`rfunhilr clt`rhlm a carlmc`kt` y n` ukl clk`rl nhr`itl ` hcpartlkt`, yl l ml p`rsakl, yl l ml bartukl n` lmduka n` mas plrh`kt`s. Y` `xi`ptöl `m ilsa `k qu` `m n`mhta r`vhstl sucl drlv`nln par lt`ktlr l ml s`durhnln n`m @stlna, l ml trlkquhmhnln pöemhil a l ml sldrlnl p`rsakl n`m U`y a n` su sui`sar. Yh `m t`sthda `stuvh`r` bãshilc`kt` hcp`nhna n` liunhr lm mmlclch`kta funhihlm, `m Fu`z hkstruitar qu` gueh`r` n` r`ihehrm` ml n`imlrlihùk s` iaksthtuhrì `k su nachihmha, sh`cpr` qu` `m hkt`rradltarha ka glyl n` pak`r `k p`mhdra ml vhnl n`m `kb`rca. @m qu` shk `stlr hcp`nhna ka iakiurrh`r` lm prhc`r mmlclch`kta funhihlm, a s` r`shsth`r` l n`imlrlr ma qu` suph`s` li`ril n` mas g`igas saer` qu` bu`r` pr`duktlna, l ka `stlr iacpr`knhna `k mls `x`kihak`s n` mas lrtãiumas lkt`rhar`s, hkiurrhrì `k ml cumtl n` 5:: l 0.::: `uras, y sh p`rshsth`r` `k su r`shst`kihl s`rì iaknuihna `k `m prhc`r ilsa l ml pr`s`kihl n`m Fu`z hkstruitar par mas ld`kt`s n` ml lutarhnln, y p`rs`duhna par `m n`mhta n` aestruiihùk l ml fusthihl thphbhilna y `k `m s`dukna ilsa s`rì tlcehèk p`rs`duhna par `m n` n`sae`nh`kihl drlv` l ml lutarhnln. Ml cumtl s`rì hcpu`stl `k `m lita n` katlrs` a iac`t`rs` ml blmtl. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <9< Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 E. Ihtlihùk n` mas t`sthdas @m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk a cukhihplm `k su ilsa glrì iakiurrhr l su pr`s`kihl y `xlchklrì l mas t`sthdas ihtlnas `k ml n`kukihl a `k ml qu`r`mml, a `k iulm`squh`rl atrls n`imlrlihak`s a nhmhd`kihls, y l tanas mas n`cìs qu` suph`r`k g`igas a ihriukstlkihls, a pas`y`r`k nltas iakv`kh`kt`s plrl ml iacpraelihùk a lv`rhdulihùk n`m n`mhta y n`m n`mhkiu`kt`. Y` praiurlrì, ka aestlkt`, achthr ml `vliulihùk n` ihtls hcp`rthk`kt`s a hköthm`s. Yh `m t`sthda r`shnh`r` bu`rl n`m plrthna a tèrchka cukhihplm n`m Fu`z qu` hkstruy`s` `m suclrha, `st` s` lest`knrì n` clknlrm` iacplr`i`r l su pr`s`kihl, l ka s`r qu` ma iakshn`r` lesamutlc`kt` k`i`slrha plrl ml iacpraelihùk n`m n`mhta a plrl `m r`iakaihch`kta n` ml p`rsakl n`m n`mhkiu`kt`, arn`kìknama `k `st` ilsa par luta cathvlna. ^lcehèk n`e`rì `vhtlr ml iacplr`i`kihl n` mas `cpm`lnas n` vhdhmlkihl pöemhil qu` t`kdlk su r`shn`kihl `k pukta nhsthkta n` ml ilphtlm n`m Fuzdlna, n` mas f`b`s n` `stlihùk, clquhkhstls, badak`ras, iaknuitar`s, t`m`drlbhstls, blitar`s, r`ilunlnar`s, dulrnl-ldufls u atras ld`kt`s qu` n`s`cp`ü`k bukihak`s lkìmadls, l mas iulm`s ihtlrì par iaknuita n` sus f`b`s hkc`nhltas iulkna s`l lesamutlc`kt` hknhsp`kslem` su iacplr`i`kihl. @k `m ilsa n` ml r`dml d`k`rlm iulkna ml urd`kihl n` ml n`imlrlihùk bu`s` tlm qu` ka p`rchth`rl ml nhmlihùk iakshduh`kt` l ml ihtlihùk n`m t`sthda par iaknuita n` sus f`b`s hkc`nhltas, y `m `cpm`lna n` qu` s` trlt` ka punh`rl lelknaklr `m s`rvhiha qu` pr`stl shk drlv` p`mhdra a `xtarshùk plrl `m pöemhia, `m  Fu`z hkstruitar n` ml ilusl iachshaklrì plrl r`ihehr ml n`imlrlihùk lm qu` ma bu`rl n`m tèrchka cukhihplm a n` plrthna `k qu` s` glmmlr` `m t`sthda. Yh `m t`sthda r`shnh`r` `k `m `xtrlkf`ra, s` nhrhdhrì supmhiltarha par ml vãl nhpmacìthil y par iaknuita n`m Chkhst`rha Fusthihl lm Fu`z `xtrlkf`ra iacp`t`kt` plrl r`ihehr ml n`imlrlihùk. @m supmhiltarha n`e` iakt`k`r mas lkt`i`n`kt`s k`i`slrhas ` hknhilr mls pr`duktls qu` s` glk n` gli`r lm t`sthda, shk p`rfuhiha n` qu` nhiga Fu`z mls lcpmã` s`dök m` sudh`rlk su nhsir`ihùk y prun`kihl. Yh ml iacplr`i`kihl n`m t`sthda lkt` `m Fu`z hkstruitar a ^rheuklm bu`r` hknhsp`kslem` y ka s` pr`s`ktls` vamuktlrhlc`kt`, s` paknrì `k iakaihch`kta n`m Chkhst`rha n` y Fusthihl plrl qu` lnapt` ml r`samuihùk qu` `sthc` apartukl. Yh ml p`rsakl mmlclnl l n`imlrlr `f`ri` bukihak`s a ilrdas pöemhias, s` nlrì lvhsa, lm chsca th`cpa qu` s` prlithqu` ml ihtlihùk, l su sup`rhar hkc`nhlta plrl qu` m` kacer` susthtuta nurlkt` su lus`kihl, sh ma `xhdh`r` lsã `m hkt`rès a ml s`durhnln pöemhil. Iulkna `m t`sthda ka gueh`r` n` iacplr`i`r lkt` `m Fu`z hkstruitar plrl pr`stlr ml n`imlrlihùk, s` glrìk iakstlr `k `m supmhiltarha, `xgarta a clknlch`kta qu` s` `xphnl, mls ihriukstlkihls pr`ihsls plrl ml n`shdklihùk n`m t`sthda y mls pr`duktls l qu` n`el iakt`stlr, shk p`rfuhiha n` mls qu` `m Fu`z a ^rheuklm qu` m` r`iheh`r` ml n`imlrlihùk iakshn`r` iakv`kh`kt` gli`rm` plrl `m clyar `simlr`ihch`kta n` mas g`igas. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl n`m Fu`z iachshaklna qu` glyl n` lutarhzlr ml n`imlrlihùk `xp`nhrì ml iènuml pr`v`khnl `k `m lrtãiuma <40 M@Irh, iak tanls mls ihriukstlkihls `xpr`slnls `k `m chsca, y ml n` gle`rs` n` r`ihehr ml n`imlrlihùk `k vhrtun n` supmhiltarha, `xgarta a clknlch`kta. Mas t`sthdas qu` n`p`knlk n` ml furhsnhiihùk chmhtlr panrìk, s`dök `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk ma `sthc` apartuka, s`r `xlchklnas par èm chsca, iaca mas n`cìs t`sthdas, a par `m Fu`z chmhtlr iacp`t`kt`. @k `m prhc`r ilsa `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk n`e`rì clknlr qu` ml ihtlihùk g`igl lm t`sthda s` pakdl `k iakaihch`kta n`m F`b` n`m Iu`rpa l qu` p`rt`k`ih`r`. @k `m s`dukna ilsa s` aes`rvlrì ma nhspu`sta `k mas nas lrtãiumas lkt`rhar`s. Yh lmdök t`sthda n`p`knh`kt` n` ml furhsnhiihùk chmhtlr r`guslr` iacplr`i`r lkt` `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk, a s` k`dlr` l pr`stlr furlc`kta a l iakt`stlr `m hkt`rradltarha qu` s` m` ghih`r`, `m Fu`z n` hkstruiihùk <95   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha s` nhrhdhrì lm sup`rhar n`m t`sthda n`sae`nh`kt`, iuya sup`rhar, ln`cìs n` iarr`dhr lm t`sthda, n` ma iulm nlrì hkc`nhlta iakaihch`kta lm Fu`z hkstruitar, m` glrì iacplr`i`r lkt` `st` plrl n`imlrlr. Mas t`sthdas panrìk s`r ihtlnas p`rsaklmc`kt` nakn` bu`r`k glehnas. Iulkna s`l urd`kt` `m `xlc`k n` uk t`sthda, panrì ihtìrs`m` v`relmc`kt` plrl qu` iacplr`zil `k `m lita, shk `sp`rlr l ml `xp`nhihùk n` ml iènuml pr`sirhtl `k `m lrtãiuma <40, glih`kna iakstlr, shk `celrda, `k mas lutas `m cathva n` ml urd`kihl. ^lcehèk panrì `k hdulm ilsa iaksthtuhrs` `m Fu`z hkstruitar `k `m nachihmha n` uk t`sthda a `k `m mudlr `k qu` s` `kiu`ktr` plrl r`ihehrm` n`imlrlihùk. @m Fu`z hkstruitar panrì glehmhtlr l mas ld`kt`s n` pamhiãl plrl prlithilr mls nhmhd`kihls n` ihtlihùk v`relm a `sirhtl sh ma iakshn`rl iakv`kh`kt`. ^ac` katl Yh `m t`sthda ka tuvh`r` nachihmha iakaihna a s` hdkarlr` su plrln`ra, `m Fu`z hkstruitar arn`klrì ma iakv`kh`kt` plrl ml lv`rhdulihùk n`m chsca. @k `st` ilsa `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl s` nhrhdhrì l ml Zamhiãl Funhihlm, U`dhstras abhihlm`s, iam`dhas prab`shaklm`s, `kthnln a `cpr`sls `k `m qu` `m hkt`r`slna `f`rzl su lithvhnln hkt`r`slkna nhigl lv`rhdulihùk. I. N`imlrlihùk t`sthbhilm Lm pr`s`ktlrs` l n`imlrlr, mas t`sthdas `ktr`dlrìk lm M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl ml iaphl n` ml iènuml n` ihtlihùk. Mas t`sthdas clyar`s n` `nln p`klm pr`stlrìk furlc`kta a prac`sl n` n`ihr tana ma qu` suph`r`k r`sp`ita l ma qu` m`s bu`r` pr`duktlna, `stlkna `m Fu`z aemhdlna l hkbarclrm`s, `k uk m`kdulf` imlra y iacpr`kshem`, n` ml aemhdlihùk qu` th`k`k n` s`r v`rli`s y n` ml pashehmhnln n` hkiurrhr `k uk n`mhta n` blmsa t`sthcakha `k ilusl irhchklm. Mas t`sthdas qu`, n` liu`rna iak ma nhspu`sta `k `m @stltuta n` ml Rãithcl n`m N`mhta, t`kdlk ml iaknhihùk n` vãithcls n`m n`mhta, panrìk gli`rs` liacplülr par su r`pr`s`ktlkt` m`dlm y par ukl p`rsakl n` su `m`iihùk nurlkt` ml prìithil n` `stls nhmhd`kihls, slmva qu` `k `st` ömthca ilsa, cathvlnlc`kt`, s` r`su`mvl ma iaktrlrha par `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk plrl dlrlkthzlr `m iarr`ita n`slrramma n` ml chscl. @k `m ilsa n` mas t`sthdas c`kar`s n` `nln a p`rsakls iak ml ilplihnln funhihlmc`kt` canhbhilnl, `m Fu`z n` Hkstruiihùk panrì liarnlr, iulkna l ml vhstl n` ml blmtl n` clnur`z n` ml vãithcl r`sumt` k`i`slrha plrl `vhtlr iluslrm`s drlv`s p`rfuhihas, qu` s` m`s tac` n`imlrlihùk c`nhlkt` ml hkt`rv`kihùk n` `xp`rtas y iak hkt`rv`kihùk n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm. Iak `stl bhklmhnln, panrì liarnlrs` tlcehèk qu` mls pr`duktls s` trlsmln`k l ml vãithcl nhr`itlc`kt` par mas `xp`rtas a, hkimusa, `ximuhr a mhchtlr ml pr`s`kihl n` mls plrt`s `k `m mudlr n` ml `xpmarlihùk n` ml vãithcl. @k `stas ilsas, `m Fu`z nhspaknrì ma k`i`slrha plrl blihmhtlr l mls plrt`s ml pashehmhnln n` trlsmlnlr pr`duktls a n` p`nhr limlrlihak`s l ml vãithcl, sh`cpr` qu` `mma r`sumt` pashem`. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <99 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 @m Fu`z arn`klrì ml drlelihùk n` ml n`imlrlihùk par c`nhas lunhavhsulm`s. lunhavhsulm`s. @m furlc`kta s` pr`stlrì `k kacer` n` Nhas. Mas t`sthdas pr`stlrìk `m furlc`kta iak lrr`dma l su r`mhdhùk. Mas t`sthdas n`imlrlrìk s`plrlnl y s`ir`tlc`kt` l pr`s`kihl n`m Fu`z hkstruitar y n`m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl. @m t`sthda clkhb`stlrì prhc`rlc`kt`, mls pr`duktls n`kachklnls ”d`k`rlm`s n` ml M`y–6 su kacer`, lp`mmhnas plt`rka y clt`rka, `nln, `stlna y prab`shùk, sh iakai` a ka lm prai`slna y l mls n`cìs plrt`s, y sh th`k` iak `mmas plr`kt`sia, lchstln a r`mlihak`s n` iulmquh`r atrl imls`, sh gl `stlna prai`slna y ml p`kl qu` s` m` hcpusa. Yh `m t`sthda bu`rl ch`cera n` mls Bu`rzls y Iu`rpas n` Y`durhnln `k `m `f`rihiha n` sus bukihak`s, s`rì subhih`kt` plrl su hn`kthbhilihùk `m köc`ra n` su r`dhstra p`rsaklm y ml ukhnln lnchkhstrlthvl l ml qu` `stì lnsirhta. @m Fu`z n`flrì lm t`sthda klrrlr shk hkt`rrupihùk mas g`igas saer` mas iulm`s n`imlr`, y samlc`kt` m` `xhdhrì mls `xpmhilihak`s iacpm`c`ktlrhls qu` s`lk iaknui`kt`s l n`svlk`i`r mas iaki`ptas asiuras a iaktrlnhitarhas. N`spuès m` nhrhdhrì mls pr`duktls qu` `sthc` apartukls plrl `m `simlr`ihch`kta n` mas g`igas. Mas t`sthdas n`imlrlrìk n` vhvl vaz, shk qu` m`s s`l p`rchthna m``r n`imlrlihùk kh r`spu`stl lmdukl qu` mm`v`k `sirhtl. Zanrìk, shk `celrda, iaksumtlr lmdök lpukt` a c`carhl qu` iakt`kdl nltas nhbãihm`s n` r`iarnlr. @m t`sthda panrì ihtlr mls iakt`stlihak`s par sã chsca. @m Fu`z hkstruitar panrì clknlr qu` s` iaknuzil lm t`sthda lm mudlr `k qu` gueh`r`k aiurrhna mas g`igas, y `xlchklrm` lmmã a pak`r l su pr`s`kihl mas aef`tas saer` qu` gueh`r` n` v`rslr ml n`imlrlihùk. @k `st` ömthca ilsa panrì `m Fu`z hkstruitar pak`r l pr`s`kihl n`m t`sthda nhigas aef`tas, samas a c`zimlnas iak atras s`c`flkt`s, lnaptlkna ln`cìs tanls mls c`nhnls qu` su prun`kihl m` sudh`rl plrl ml clyar `xlithtun n` ml n`imlrlihùk. Ka s` glrìk lm t`sthda pr`duktls ilpihasls kh sud`sthvls, kh s` `cpm`lrì ialiihùk, `kdlüa, prac`sl kh lrthbhiha lmduka plrl aemhdlrm` a hknuihrm` l n`imlrlr `k n`t`rchklna s`kthna. Yh `m t`sthda ka `kt`knh`r` a ka glemlr` `m hnhacl `splüam, s` kacerlrì uk hktèrpr`t`, qu` pr`stlrì l su pr`s`kihl furlc`kta n` iaknuihrs` eh`k y bh`mc`kt` `k `m n`s`cp`üa n` su ilrda. Zar `st` c`nha s` glrìk lm t`sthda mls pr`duktls y s` r`ihehrìk sus iakt`stlihak`s, qu` `st` panrì nhitlr par su iaknuita. @k `st` ilsa, ml n`imlrlihùk n`e`rì iakshdklrs` `k `m prai`sa `k `m hnhacl `cpm`lna par `m t`sthda y trlnuihna l iakthkulihùk lm `splüam. @m hktèrpr`t` s`rì `m`dhna `ktr` mas qu` t`kdlk tãtumas n` tlm`s, sh mas gueh`r` `k `m pu`ema. @k su n`b`ita s`rì kacerlna uk cl`stra n`m iarr`spaknh` iarr`spaknh`kt` kt` hnhacl, y sh tlcpaia ma gueh`r`, iulmquh`r p`rsakl qu` ma s`pl. Yh kh luk n` `stl clk`rl punh`rl aet`k`rs` ml trlnuiihùk, y mls r`v`mlihak`s qu` s` `sp`rls`k n`m t`sthda bu`r`k hcpartlkt`s, s` r`nlitlrì `m pmh`da n` pr`duktls qu` glerìk n` nhrhdãrs`m` y s` r`chthrì l ml Abhihkl n` Hkt`rpr`tlihùk n` M`kduls n`m Chkhst`rha n` @stlna, plrl qu`, iak pr`b`r`kihl l tana atra trlelfa, s`lk trlnuihnls lm hnhacl qu` glem` `m t`sthda. @m hkt`rradltarha yl trlnuihna s` `ktr`dlrì lm t`sthda plrl qu`, l pr`s`kihl n`m Fu`z, s` `kt`r` n` su iakt`khna y r`nlit` par `sirhta `k su hnhacl mls apartukls iakt`stlihak`s, mls iulm`s s` r`chthrìk n`m chsca cana qu` mls pr`duktls l ml Hkt`rpr`tlihùk n` M`kduls. @stls nhmhd`kihls mls prlithilrìk mas Fu`i`s iak ml clyar lithvhnln. <9>   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Yh `m t`sthda bu`r` sarna, s` kacerlrì uk hktèrpr`t` n` m`kdul n` shdkas ln`iulna, par iuya iaknuita s` m` glrìk mls pr`duktls y s` r`ihehrìk sus iakt`stlihak`s. @m kacerlna pr`stlrì furlc`kta l pr`s`kihl n`m sarna lkt`s n` iac`kzlr l n`s`cp`ülr `m ilrda. @m t`sthda panrì m``r par sã chsca ml nhmhd`kihl n` su n`imlrlihùk? sh ka punh`r`, s` ml m``rì `m hktèrpr`t`, y `k mas n`cìs ilsas `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl. @m Fu`z lnv`rthrì sh`cpr` l mas hkt`r`slnas `m n`r`iga qu` th`k`k n` m``r par sã chscas sus n`imlrlihak`s. @stls s`rìk bhrclnls par `m Fu`z y par tanas t anas mas qu` `k `mmls gueh`s`k hkt`rv`khna, sh suph`r`k y punh`r`k gli`rma, lutarhzìknamls `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl. Ka s` iakshdklrìk `k mas lutas mls n`imlrlihak`s n` mas t`sthdas qu`, s`dök `m Fu`z, bu`s`k clkhbh`stlc`kt` hkiaknui`kt`s plrl ml iacpraelihùk n` mas g`igas aef`ta n`m suclrha. ^lcpaia s` iakshdklrìk `k ilnl n`imlrlihùk mls clkhb`stlihak`s n`m t`sthda qu` s` glmm`k `k `m chsca ilsa, p`ra s` iakshdklrì sh`cpr` tana ma qu` pu`nl s`rvhr lsã n` ilrda iaca n` n`silrda. @k `m prhc`r ilsa s` glrì `xpr`shùk par c`nha n` nhmhd`kihl n` ml iacplr`i`kihl n`m t`sthda y n`m cathva n` ka `sirhehrs` su n`imlrlihùk. ^`rchklnl ml n`imlrlihùk, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihù Lnchkhstrlihùkk n` Fusthihl glrì sle`r lm t`sthda ml aemhdlihùk n` iacplr`i`r plrl n`imlrlr n` ku`va lkt` `m ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt` iulkna s` m` iht` plrl `mma, lsã iaca ml n` pak`r `k iakaihch`kta n` ml Abhihkl Funhihlm mas ilcehas n` nachihmha qu` ghih`r` glstl s`r ihtlna plrl `m fuhiha arlm, elfa lp`rihehch`kta sh ka ma iucpm` n` s`r ilsthdlna iak ukl cumtl n` 5:: l <.::: `uras, l ka s`r qu` hkiurrh`r` `k r`spakslehmhnln irhchklm par ml blmtl. @stls pr`v`kihak`s s` glrìk iakstlr lm bhklm n` ml chscl nhmhd`kihl n` ml n`imlrlihùk. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl, lm r`chthr `m suclrha lm ^rheuklm iacp`t`kt`, paknrì `k su iakaihch`kta mas ilcehas n` nachihmha qu` mas t`sthdas gueh`s`k iacukhilna. Ma chsca glrì r`sp`ita n` mas ilcehas iacukhilnas n`spuès qu` gueh`s` r`chthna `m suclrha, glstl ml t`rchklihùk n` ml ilusl. Yh `m t`sthda clkhb`stlr`, lm gli`rm` ml pr`v`kihùk r`b`rhnl `k `m lrtãiuma >>2, ml hcpashehmhnln n` iakiurrhr par gle`r n` lus`ktlrs` n`m t`rrhtarha klihaklm, y tlcehèk `k `m ilsa `k qu` gueh`r` cathva rlihaklmc`kt` elstlkt` plrl t`c`r su cu`rt` a hkilplihnln bãshil a hkt`m`itulm lkt`s n` ml lp`rturl n`m  fuhiha arlm, `m Fu`z hkstruitar clknlrì prlithilr hkc`nhltlc`kt` ml n`imlrlihùk, ls`durlkna `k tana ilsa ml pashehmhnln n` iaktrlnhiihùk n` mls plrt`s. Zlrl `mma, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl glrì sle`r lm r`a qu` kacer` leadlna `k `m tèrchka n` v`hkthiultra garls, sh lök ka ma tuvh`r`, a n` ma iaktrlrha, qu` s` m` kacerlrì n` abhiha, plrl qu` m` liaks`f` `k `m lita n` r`ihehr ml n`imlrlihùk n`m t`sthda. ^rlksiurrhna nhiga tèrchka, `m Fu`z r`ihehrì furlc`kta y vamv`rì l `xlchklr l `st`, l pr`s`kihl n`m prai`slna y n` su leadlna n`b`ksar y l pr`s`kihl, lshchsca, n`m Bhsilm y n`m qu`r`mmlkt`, sh quhsh`r`k lshsthr lm lita, p`rchth`kna l `stas gli`rm` iulktls r`pr`duktls t`kdlk par iakv`kh`kt`, `xi`pta mls qu` `m Fu`z n`s`sthc` iaca clkhbh`stlc`kt` hcp`rthk`kt`s. Zar `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl s` iakshdklrìk mls iakt`stlihak`s l `stls pr`duktls, y `stl nhmhd`kihl s`rì bhrclnl par tanas mas lshst`kt`s. Ml n`imlrlihùk n` mas t`sthdas c`kar`s n` `nln y n` mls p`rsakls iak ilplihnln funhihlmc`kt` canhbhilnl panrì mm`vlrs` l ilea `vhtlkna ml iakbraktlihùk vhsulm n` mas chscas iak `m hkiumplna, uthmhzlkna plrl `mma iulmquh`r c`nha tèikhia qu` gldl pashem` ml prìithil n` `stl pru`el. @k ilsa n` hkchk`kt` p`mhdra n` cu`rt` n`m t`sthda, s` prai`n`rì iak tanl urd`kihl l r`ihehrm` n`imlrlihùk `k ml barcl `xpr`slnl `k `m lrtãiuma lkt`rhar, lukqu` `m prai`slna ka punh`s` s`r lshsthna n` M`trlna. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <90 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Ka s` glrìk tliglnurls, `kch`knls kh `ktr`rr`kdmaklnurls `k mls nhmhd`kihls n`m suclrha. L su bhklm s` iakshdklrìk mls `quhvailihak`s qu` s` gueh`r`k iac`thna. LYZ@I^AY EÌYHIAY N@ ML N@IMLULIHÙK ^@Y^HBHILM - @ktr`dl lm M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk Lnchkhstrlihùk n` n` Fusthihl n` mls iaphls n` ml iènuml n` ihtlihùk Furlc`kta - N`imlrlihùk s`plrlnl y `k s`ir`ta l pr`s`kihl n`m Fu`z Hkstruitar y `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlih Lnchkhstrlihùk ùk n` Fusthihl - N`imlrlihùk l vhvl vaz - Ka pr`duktls pr`duktls ilpihasls ilpihasls a sud`sthvls kh `cpm`a `cpm`a n` ialiihùk, `kdlüa, prac`sl a lrthbiha plrl aemhdlr a hknuihr l n`imlrlr `k n`t`rchklna s`kthna - N`r`iga n` mas hkt`r`slnas hkt`r`slnas l m``r par sã chsca sus n`imlrlihak`s N. Ilr`a n` mas t`sthdas y prai`slnas prai`slnas U`iu`rn` @m ilr`a t`knrì mudlr l pr`s`kihl n`m Fu`z, qu` ka p`rchthrì qu` mas ilr`lnas s` hksumt`k a lc`kli`k. @stl pru`el samlc`kt` s` prlithilrì iulkna ka pu`nl iacpraelrs` n` atra cana ml `xhst`kihl n`m n`mhta a ml iumplehmhnln n` lmduka n` mas prai`slnas. <92 Iulkna mas t`sthdas a mas prai`slnas `ktr` sã a lqu`mmas iak `stas nhsiarnlr`k li`ril n` lmdök g`iga a n` lmdukl ihriukstlkihl qu` hkt`r`s` `k `m suclrha, panrì `m Fu`z i`m`erlr ilr`a `ktr` mas qu` `stuvh`r`k nhsiarn`s, shk qu` `stl nhmhd`kihl n`el t`k`r mudlr, par r`dml d`k`rlm, cìs qu` `ktr` nas p`rsakls l ml v`z. @m ilr`a s` v`rhbhilrì lkt` `m Fu`z, m`y`kna `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl l mas prai`slnas a t`sthdas `ktr` quh`k`s t`kdl mudlr `m lita mls n`imlrlihak`s qu` gueh`s`k pr`stlna, y pr`duktlkna `m prhc`ra l mas t`sthdas n`spuès n` r`iarnlrm`s su furlc`kta y mls p`kls n`m blmsa t`sthcakha, sh s` rlthbhilk `k `mmls a th`k`k lmdukl vlrhlihùk qu` gli`r. @m Fu`z clkhb`stlrì `ks`duhnl mls iaktrlnhiihak`s qu` r`sumt`k `k nhigls n`imlrlihak`s, ` hkvhtlrì l mas ilr`lnas plrl qu` s` pakdlk n` liu`rna `ktr` sã. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl nlrì b` n` tana ma qu` aiurrh`r` `k `m lita n`m ilr`a y n` mls pr`duktls, iakt`stlihak`s y r`iakv`kihak`s qu` cutulc`kt` s` ghih`r`k mas ilr`lnas, lsã iaca n` ma qu` s` aes`rvlr` `k su lithtun nurlkt` `m lita? y bhrclrì ml nhmhd`kihl iak tanas mas iakiurr`kt`s, `xpr`slkna, sh lmduka ka ma ghih`r`, ml rlzùk qu` plrl `mma lm`du`. @m Fu`z ka p`rchthrì qu` mas ilr`lnas s` hksumt`k a lc`kli`k. Ka s` prlithilrìk ilr`as shka iulkna ka bu`r` iakaihna atra cana n` iacpraelr ml `xhst`kihl n`m n`mhta a ml iumplehmhnln n` lmduka n` mas prai`slnas.   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Ka s` prlithilrìk ilr`as iak t`sthdas qu` s`lk c`kar`s n` `nln slmva qu` `m Fu`z ma iakshn`r` hcpr`sihknhem` hcpr`sihknhem` y ka m`shva plrl `m hkt`rès n` nhigas t`sthdas, pr`vha hkbarc` p`rhihlm. @. Ml bhdurl n`m t`sthda prat`dhna @m ilr`a n` t`sthdas Ml M`y Ardìkhil <8/<88>, n` 59 n` nhih`cer`, n` prat`iihùk l t`sthdas y p`rhtas `k ilusls irhchklm`s gl pashehmhtlna `m `stl em`ihch`kta n` nhv`rsls c`nhnls c`nhnls prat`itarls n` n` mas chscas. chscas. Zlrl qu` s`lk n` lpmhilihùk mls nhspashihak`s n` ml M`y s`rì k`i`slrha qu` ml lutarhnln funhihlm lpr`ih` rlihaklmc`kt` uk p`mhdra drlv` plrl ml p`rsakl, mhe`rtln a eh`k`s n` quh`k pr`t`knl lcplrlrs` `k `mml, su iùkyud` a p`rsakl l quh`k s` glmm` mhdlna par lkìmadl r`mlihùk n` lb`ithvhnln a sus lsi`knh`kt`s, n`si`knh`kt`s a g`rclkas. `m Fu`z hkstruitar liarnlrì cathvlnlc`kt`, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n` plrt`, iulkna ma `sthc` k`i`slrha `k lt`kihùk lm drlna n` rh`sda a p`mhdra, mls c`nhnls k`i`slrhls plrl pr`s`rvlr ml hn`kthnln n` mas t`sthdas y p`rhtas, su nachihmha, prab`shùk y mudlr n` trlelfa, shk p`rfuhiha n` ml liihùk n` iaktrlnhiihùk qu` lshst` l ml n`b`ksl n`m prai`slna, punh`kna lnaptlr mls shduh`kt`s n`ihshak`s6 l) \u` ka iakst`k `k mls nhmhd`kihls qu` s` prlithqu`k su kacer`, lp`mmhnas, nachihmha, mudlr n` trlelfa y prab`shùk, kh iulmquh`r atra nlta qu` punh`rl s`rvhr plrl ml hn`kthbhilihùk n` mas chscas, punhèknas` uthmhzlr plrl `stl uk köc`ra a iulmquh`r atrl imlv` (c`nhlkt` ml lshdklihùk n` uk k¶ imlv` s` lerhrì ph`zl s`plrlnl y s`ir`tl `k ml qu` nhigl imlv` s` r`mlihak` iak su hn`kthnln).  e) \u` iacplr`zilk plrl ml prìithil n` iulmquh`r nhmhd`kihl uthmhzlkna iulmquh`r prai`nhch`kta qu` hcpashehmht` su hn`kthbhilihùk vhsulm karclm (`sta s` `xth`kn` l su n`imlrlihùk `k ml vhstl arlm). i) \u` s` bhf` iaca nachihmha, nachihmha, l `b`itas n` n` ihtlihak`s y kathbhilihak`s, ml s`n` n`m ùrdlka funhihlm hkt`rvhkh`kt`, `m iulm mls glrì mm`dlr r`s`rvlnlc`kt` l su n`sthkltlrha. 5.0 Zru`el p`rhihlm y su vlmar @m Fu`z liarnlrì `m hkbarc` p`rhihlm iulkna, plrl iakai`r a lpr`ihlr lmdök g`iga a ihriukstlkihl hcpartlkt` `k `m suclrha, bu`s`k k`i`slrhas a iakv`kh`kt`s iakaihch`ktas ih`ktãbhias a lrtãsthias. L. Imls`s n` p`rhtas Mas p`rhtas sak lqu`mmls p`rsakls bãshils a furãnhils, thtumlnls a ka, l mls qu` n`ktra n`m suclrha s` m`s `kiach`knl ml prìithil n` ml nhmhd`kihl (sh`kna k`i`slrha qu` `k `m Yuclrha arnhklrha `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <94 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 s`lk uk cãkhca n` 5, slmva `m ilsa `k qu` ka gueh`s` cìs n` < `k `m mudlr y ka bu`r` pashem` `sp`rlr ml mm`dlnl n` atra shk drlv`s hkiakv`kh`kt`s plrl `m iursa n`m suclrha. @k `m r`sta n` prai`nhch`ktas  elstl ml litulihùk n` < sama p`rhta). Yak p`rhtas thtumlnas mas qu` th`k`k tãtuma abhihlm n` ukl ih`kihl a lrt` iuya `f`rihiha `stè r`dmlc`ktlna par ml Lnchkhstrlihùk. Yak p`rhtas ka thtumlnas mas qu`, ilr`ih`kna n` tãtuma abhihlm, th`k`k, shk `celrda, iakaihch`ktas a prìithil `sp`ihlm`s `k lmdukl ih`kihl a lrt`. @m Fu`z s` vlmnrì n` p`rhtas thtumlnas iak pr`b`r`kihl l mas qu` ka tuvh`s`k tãtuma. E. Kacerlch`kta n` p`rhtas l. N` abhiha (lrts. >2: y ss. M@Irh) @m kacerlch`kta s` glrì sle`r l mas p`rhtas par c`nha n` abhiha, qu` m`s s`rì `ktr`dlna par lmdulihm a part`ra n`m Fuzdlna? (gay bukihaklrha n` luxhmha funhihlm), iak mls barclmhnln`s pr`v`khnls plrl ml ihtlihùk n` mas t`sthdas, r``cpmlzìknas` ml iènuml arhdhklm, par uk lt`stlna qu` `xt`kn`rì `m lmdulihm a part`ra `kilrdlna n` ml `ktr`dl. Yh ml urd`kihl n`m `kilrda ma `xhd`, panrì gli`rs` `m mmlclch`kta v`relmc`kt` n` arn`k n`m Fu`z, glihèknama iakstlr lsã `k mas lutas? p`ra `xt`knh`kna sh`cpr` `m lt`stlna `m `kilrdlna n`m iucpmhch`kta n` ml arn`k n` mmlclch`kta. Klnh` panrì k`dlrs` l liunhr lm mmlclch`kta n`m Fu`z plrl n`s`cp`ülr uk s`rvhiha p`rhihlm, sh ka `stuvh`r` m`dãthclc`kt` hcp`nhna. @k `st` ilsa n`e`rì pak`rma `k iakaihch`kta n`m Fu`z `k `m lita n` r`ihehr `m kacerlch`kta, plrl qu` s` prav`l l ma qu` glyl mudlr. @m p`rhta qu`, shk lm`dlr `xiusl buknlnl, n`f` n` liunhr lm mmlclch`kta n`m Fu`z a s` kh`du` l pr`stlr `m hkbarc`, hkiurrhrì `k mls r`spakslehmhnln`s s`ülmlnls plrl mas t`sthdas. Mas qu` pr`st`k hkbarc` iaca p`rhtas `k vhrtun n` arn`k funhihlm t`knrìk n`r`iga l r`imlclr mas gakarlrhas ` hkn`ckhzlihak`s qu` s`lk fustas, sh ka tuvh`r`k `k iaki`pta n` tlm`s p`rhtas, r`trheuihùk bhfl slthsb`igl par `m @stlna, par ml Zravhkihl a par `m Cukhihpha. G`iga `m kacerlch`kta n` p`rhtas, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl ma kathbhilrì hkc`nhltlc`kt` lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, lm litar plrthiumlr, sh ma gueh`r`, iaca lm prai`slna, sh `stuvh`r` l nhspashihùk n`m Fu`z a s` `kiaktrlr` `k `m chsca mudlr n` ml hkstruiihùk, a l su r`pr`s`ktlkt` sh ma tuvh`r`. e. L hkstlkihl n` plrt` (lrts. >4< y ss. M@Irh) Yh `m r`iakaihch`kta ` hkbarc` p`rhihlm`s ka punh`r`k r`pranuihrs` `k `m fuhiha arlm, `m qu`r`mmlkt` t`knrì n`r`iga l kacerlr l su iastl uk p`rhta qu` hkt`rv`kdl `k `m lita p`rhihlm. @m chsca n`r`iga t`knrì `m prai`slna. Yh mas qu`r`mmlkt`s a mas prai`slnas bu`s`k vlrhas, s` paknrìk r`sp`ithvlc`kt` n` liu`rna `ktr` sã plrl gli`r `m kacerlch`kta. @stas p`rhtas n`e`rìk s`r thtumlr`s, l ka s`r qu` ka mas gueh`r` n` `stl imls` `k `m plrthna a n`clrilihùk, `k iuya ilsa panrìk s`r kacerlnas shk tãtuma. Yh ml prìithil n` ml nhmhd`kihl p`rhihlm ka lnchth`r` `sp`rl, s` prai`n`rì iaca mls ihriukstlkihls ma p`rchtlk plrl qu` `m litar y `m prai`slna pu`nlk hkt`rv`khr `k `mml. <97   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha Yh mls plrt`s ghih`r`k usa n` ml bliumtln lkt`rhar, clkhb`stlrìk lm Fu`z `m kacer` n`m p`rhta, y abr`i`rìk, lm gli`r `stl clkhb`stlihùk, mas iacpraelkt`s n` t`k`r ml iulmhnln n` tlm p`rhta ml p`rsakl n`shdklnl. @k khkdök ilsa panrìk gli`r usa n` nhigl bliumtln n`spuès n` `cp`zlnl ml ap`rlihùk n` r`iakaihch`kta. @m Fu`z r`samv`rì saer` ml lnchshùk n` nhigas p`rhtas `k ml barcl n`t`rchklnl plrl mls r`iuslihak`s. i. @xi`pihùk (lrt. >2> M@Irh) Ka panrìk pr`stlr hkbarc` p`rhihlm li`ril n`m n`mhta, iulmquh`rl qu` s`l ml p`rsakl ab`knhnl, mas qu` s`dök `m lrtãiuma ><2 M@Irh ka `stìk aemhdlnas l n`imlrlr iaca t`sthdas. @m p`rhta qu`, glmmìknas` iacpr`knhna `k lmduka n` mas ilsas n` nhiga lrtãiuma, pr`st` `m hkbarc` shk pak`r lkt`s `sl ihriukstlkihl `k iakaihch`kta n`m Fu`z qu` m` gueh`s` kacerlna hkiurrhrì `k ml cumtl n` 5:: l 0.::: `uras, l ka s`r qu` `m g`iga nh`r` mudlr l r`spakslehmhnln irhchklm. I. U`iuslihùk n` mas p`rhtas Yh `m r`iakaihch`kta ` hkbarc` p`rhihlm`s punh`r`k t`k`r mudlr n` ku`va `k `m fuhiha arlm, mas p`rhtas kacerlnas ka panrìk s`r r`iuslnas par mls plrt`s. Yh ka punh`r` r`pranuihrs` `k `m fuhiha arlm, glerì mudlr l ml r`iuslihùk. Yak ilusl n` r`iuslihùk n` mas p`rhtas6 <ª @m plr`kt`sia n` iakslkduhkhnln iakslkduhkhnln a n` lbhkhnln n`ktra n`m iulrta drlna iak `m qu`r`mmlkt` qu`r`mmlkt` a iak `m r`a. 5ª @m hkt`rès nhr`ita nhr`ita a hknhr`ita `k `k ml ilusl a `k atrl s`c`flkt`. 9ª Ml lchstln ãkthcl a ml `k`chstln clkhbh`stl. clkhbh`stl. @m litar a prai`slna qu` hkt`kt` r`iuslr lm p`rhta a p`rhtas kacerlnas par `m Fu`z n`e`rì gli`rma par `sirhta lkt`s n` `cp`zlr ml nhmhd`kihl p`rhihlm, `xpr`slkna ml ilusl n` ml r`iuslihùk y ml pru`el t`sthbhilm qu` abr`zil, y liacplülkna ml naiuc`ktlm a n`shdklkna `m mudlr `k qu` `stl s` glmm` sh ka ml tuvh`r` l su nhspashihù nhspashihùk. k. Zlrl ml pr`s`ktlihùk n` `st` `sirhta, ka `stlrì aemhdlna l vlm`rs` n` Zraiurlnar. @m Fu`z, shk m`vlktlr clka, `xlchklrì mas naiuc`ktas qu` pranuzil `m r`iuslkt` y ahrì l mas t`sthdas qu` pr`s`kt` `k `m lita, r`samvh`kna ma qu` `sthc` fusta r`sp`ita n` ml r`iuslihùk. Yh gueh`r` mudlr l `mml, susp`kn`rì `m lita p`rhihlm par `m th`cpa `strhitlc`kt` k`i`slrha plrl kacerlr `m p`rhta qu` glyl n` susthtuhr lm r`iuslna, glièrs`ma sle`r y iaksthtuhrs` `m kacerlna `k `m mudlr iarr`spaknh`kt`. Yh ka ml lnchth`r`, s` prai`n`rì iaca sh ka s` gueh`s` uslna n` ml bliumtln n` r`iuslr. Iulkna `m r`iuslkt` ka pranuf`s` mas naiuc`ktas, p`ra n`shdklr` `m lrighva a mudlr `k qu` s` `kiu`ktr`k, s` r`imlclrìk par `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl, y `m Fu`z hkstruitar mas `xlchklrì ukl v`z r`ihehnas shk n`t`k`r par `sta `m iursa n` mls litulihak`s? y sh n` `mmas r`sumtls` fusthbhilnl ml ilusl n` ml r`iuslihùk, lkumlrì `m hkbarc` p`rhihlm qu` s` gueh`s` nlna, clknlkna qu` s` prlithqu` n` ku`va `stl nhmhd`kihl. N. Zrìithil n` ml nhmhd`kihl p`rhihlm Lkt`s n` nlrs` prhkihpha lm lita p`rhihlm, tanas mas p`rhtas, lsã mas kacerlnas par `m Fu`z iaca mas qu` ma gueh`r`k shna par mls plrt`s, pr`stlrìk furlc`kta, n` prai`n`r eh`k y bh`mc`kt` `k sus ap`rlihak`s, y n` ka prapak`rs` atra bhk cìs qu` `m n` n`siuerhr y n`imlrlr ml v`rnln. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <98 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 @m Fu`z clkhb`stlrì imlrl y n`t`rchklnlc`kt` l mas p`rhtas `m aef`ta n` su hkbarc`. Lm lita p`rhihlm panrìk iakiurrhr, `m qu`r`mmlkt`, sh ma gueh`r`, iak su r`pr`s`ktlihùk, y `m prai`slna iak ml suyl luk iulkna `stuvh`r` pr`sa, `k iuya ilsa lnaptlrì `m Fu`z mls pr`iluihak`s apartukls. @m lita p`rhihlm s`rì pr`shnhna par `m Fu`z hkstruitar a, `k vhrtun n` su n`m`dlihùk, par `m Fu`z cukhihplm. Zanrì tlcehèk n`m`dlr `k `m ilsa n`m lrtãiuma 909 (supu`sta n` lutapshls) `k uk bukihaklrha n` Zamhiãl funhihlm. Lshsthrì sh`cpr` `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl qu` litö` `k ml ilusl. @m hkbarc` p`rhihlm iacpr`kn`rì, sh bu`r` pashem`6 <¶ N`sirhpihùk n` ml p`rsakl p`rsakl a iasl qu` s`l aef`ta n`m chsca, chsca, `k `m `stlna a n`m n`m cana `k qu` s` glmm`. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl `xt`kn`rì `stl n`sirhpihùk, n`sirhpihùk, nhitìknaml mas p`rhtas y susirhehèknaml tanas mas iakiurr`kt`s. 5¶ U`mlihùk n`tlmmlnl n` tanls mls ap`rlihak`s ap`rlihak`s prlithilnls par mas p`rhtas y n` su r`sumtlna, `xt`knhnl `xt`knhnl y lutarhzlnl `k ml chscl barcl qu` ml lkt`rhar. 9¶ Mls iakimushak`s qu` `k vhstl vhstl n` tlm`s nltas barcum`k mas p`rhtas, iakbarc` iakbarc` l mas prhkihphas y r`dmls n` su ih`kihl a lrt`. Yh mas p`rhtas tuvh`r`k k`i`shnln n` n`struhr a lmt`rlr mas aef`tas qu` lklmhi`k, n`e`rì iaks`rvlrs`, l s`r pashem`, plrt` n` `mmas l nhspashihùk n`m Fu`z, plrl qu`, `k ilsa k`i`slrha, pu`nl gli`rs` ku`va lkìmhshs. Mls plrt`s qu` lshsth`r`k l mls ap`rlihak`s a r`iakaihch`ktas panrìk sac`t`r l mas p`rhtas mls aes`rvlihak`s qu` `sthc`k iakv`kh`kt`s, glihèknas` iakstlr tanls `k ml nhmhd`kihl. G`iga `m r`iakaihch`kta, panrìk mas p`rhtas, sh ma phnh`r`k, r`thrlrs` par `m th`cpa lesamutlc`kt` pr`ihsa lm shtha qu` `m Fu`z m`s s`ülm` plrl n`mhe`rlr y r`nlitlr mls iakimushak`s. Yh mas p`rhtas k`i`shtlr`k n`silksa, `m Fu`z a `m bukihaklrha qu` m` r`pr`s`kt` panrì iaki`n`rm`s plrl `mma `m th`cpa k`i`slrha. ^lcehèk panrì susp`kn`r ml nhmhd`kihl glstl atrl garl u atra nãl, iulkna ma `xhdh`r` su klturlm`zl. @k `st` ilsa, `m Fu`z a quh`k ma r`pr`s`kt` lnaptlrì mls pr`iluihak`s iakv`kh`kt`s plrl `vhtlr iulmquh`r lmt`rlihùk `k ml clt`rhl n` ml nhmhd`kihl p`rhihlm. @m Fu`z panrì, par su praphl hkhihlthvl a par r`imlclihùk n` mls plrt`s pr`s`kt`s a n` sus n`b`ksar`s, gli`r l mas p`rhtas, iulkna pranuzilk sus iakimushak`s, mls pr`duktls qu` `sthc` p`rthk`kt`s y p`nhrm`s mls limlrlihak`s k`i`slrhls. Mls iakt`stlihak`s n` mas p`rhtas s` iakshn`rlrìk iaca plrt` n` su hkbarc`. Yh mas p`rhtas `stuvh`r`k nhsiarn`s y su köc`ra bu`r` plr, kacerlrì atra `m Fu`z. - Iak hkt`rv`kihùk n`m ku`vlc`kt` kacerlna, s` r`p`thrìk, sh bu`r` pashem`, mls ap`rlihak`s qu` gueh`s`k prlithilna lqu`mmas y s` `f`iutlrìk mls n`cìs qu` plr`ih`r`k apartukls. - Yh ka bu`r` bu`r` pashem` pashem` ml r`p`thihùk r`p`thihùk n` mls ap`rlihak`s ap`rlihak`s kh ml ml prìithil n` n` atrls ku`vls, ku`vls, ml hkt`rv`kihùk hkt`rv`kihùk n`m p`rhta ömthclc`kt` kacerlna s` mhchtlrì l n`mhe`rlr iak mas n`cìs, iak vhstl n` mls nhmhd`kihls n` r`iakaihch`kta prlithilnls, y l barcumlr mu`da iak quh`k `stuvh`r` iakbarc`, a s`plrlnlc`kt` sh ka ma `stuvh`r` iak khkduka, sus iakimushak`s cathvlnls. @m Fu`z blihmhtlrì l mas p`rhtas mas c`nhas clt`rhlm`s k`i`slrhas plrl prlithilr ml nhmhd`kihl qu` m`s `kiach`kn`, r`imlcìknamas n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk pöemhil, a nhrhdh`kna l ml Lutarhnln iarr`spaknh`kt` uk lvhsa pr`vha sh `xhsth`r`k pr`plrlnas plrl tlm aef`ta. <>:   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha 5.2 Zru`el naiuc`ktlm. Zh`zls n` iakvhiihùk L. Lpartlihùk n` naiuc`ktas Ml M@Irh c`kihakl ml lpartlihùk n` naiuc`ktas `k `m fuhiha arnhklrha, `k vlrhas lrtãiumas6 - Lrt 990 lm `stunhlr `stunhlr `m aef`ta n`m n`mhta6 ”Yh par trltlrs` n` n`mhta n` blmshbhilihùk blmshbhilihùk iac`thnl `k naiuc`ktas a `b`itas `xhst`kt`s `k n`p`kn`kihls n` mls Lnchkhstrlihak`s Zöemhils gueh`r` hcpr`sihknh em` k`i`shnln n` t`k`rmas l ml vhstl plrl su r`iakaihch`kta p`rhihlm y `xlc`k par plrt` n`m Fu`z a ^rheuklm, `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl mas r`imlclrì l mls iarr`spaknh`kt`s Lutarhnln`s, shk p`rfuhiha n` n`vamv`rmas l mas r`sp`ithvas I`ktras abhihlm`s n`spuès n` t`rchklnl ml ilusl–. - Lrt 058 ehs6 ”Iulkna s` n`ir`t` `m prai`slch`kta n` p`rsakl lutarhzlnl plrl iaknuihr iaknuihr v`gãiumas n` catar par n`mhta iac`thna iak cathva n` su iaknuiihùk, sh `m prai`slna gl n` `stlr `k mhe`rtln, `m Fu`z, nhsir`ihaklmc`kt`, panrì prhvlrm` pravhshaklmc`kt` n` uslr `m p`rchsa, clknlkna qu` s` r`iafl ` hkiarpar` lm prai`sa `m naiuc`kta `k `m qu` iakst`. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n`  Fusthihl ma iacukhilrì iacukhilrì lm ardlkhsca lnchkhstrlthva lnchkhstrlthva qu` ma ma glyl `xp`nhna.– `xp`nhna.– - Lrts. 227 lm 245 lm `stunhlr `stunhlr mas lrtãiumas n` pr`vha pr`vha prakukihlch`kta6 prakukihlch`kta6 ´ @m qu` gldl ml pr`t`kshùk pr`t`kshùk liacplülrì lm `sirhta mas mas naiuc`ktas naiuc`ktas fusthbhilthvas fusthbhilthvas n` mas mas g`igas `k `k qu` ml bukn`, y sh ka mas tuvh`r` l su nhspashihùk, n`shdklrì imlrl y n`t`rchklnlc`kt` `m lrighva u abhihkl nakn` s` `kiu`ktr`k, phnh`kna qu` `m ^rheuklm mas r`imlc` l quh`k iarr`spaknl, arhdhklm`s a par iacpumsl, s`dök prai`nl. Zr`s`ktlrì tlcehèk tlktls iaphls n`m `sirhta y n` mas naiuc`ktas naiuc`ktas iulktas s`lk mas mas r`pr`s`ktlkr`pr`s`ktlkt`s n` mls plrt`s p`rsaklnls. Nhigls iaphls s` `ktr`dlrìk l mls chscls `k `m nãl n` ml pr`s`ktlihùk, glihèknama lsã iakstlr `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl par nhmhd`kihl. ´ Mas r`pr`s`ktlkt`s r`pr`s`ktlkt`s n` mls plrt`s l quh`k`s s` glylk `ktr`dlna mls r`b`rhnls iaphls, iaphls, iakt`stlrìk iakt`stlrìk `k `m tèrchka n` tr`s nãls, liacplülkna tlcehèk mas naiuc`ktas `k qu` bukn`k sus pr`t`kshak`s, sh mas tuvh`s`k `k su pan`r, a n`shdklkna `m lrighva u abhihkl `k qu` s` glmm`k, phnh`kna `k `st` ilsa qu` `m ^rheuklm mas r`imlc` `k mas tèrchkas `xpr`slnas `k `m lrtãiuma pr`i`n`kt`. ´ ^rlksiurrhna `m tèrchka n` mas tr`s nãls, nãls, `m ^rheuklm ^rheuklm `sthclrì `sthclrì a n`k`dlrì n`k`dlrì ml r`imlclihùk n` naiuc`ktas, s`dök qu` mas iakshn`r` a ka k`i`slrhas plrl `m blmma n`m lrtãiuma. Yh ka s` pr`s`ktlr`k pr`s`ktlr`k mas naiuc`ktas, a ka s` ghih`r` ghih`r` ml n`shdklihùk n`m mudlr `k qu` s` `kiu`ktr`k, ka pranuihrì `b`itas susp`kshvas ml `xi`pihùk lm`dlnl. ´ Yh `m ^rheuklm lii`n` lii`n` l ml r`imlclihùk r`imlclihùk n` naiuc`ktas naiuc`ktas,, r`ihehrì `m lrtãiuma lrtãiuma l pru`el pru`el par `m `m tèrchka k`i`slrha, qu` ka panrì `xi`n`r n` aiga nãls. @m ^rheuklm clknlrì `k `m chsca luta nhrhdhr mls iacukhilihak`s iakv`kh`kt`s l mas F`b`s F`b`s a `kilrdlnas n` mas lrighvas u abhihkls `k qu` mas naiuc`ktas s` glmm`k, n`t`rchklkna sh glk n` r`chthr mas arhdhklm`s a par iacpumsl. ´ Iulkna mas naiuc`ktas gueh`r`k gueh`r`k n` s`r s`r r`chthnas par iacpumsl, s` lnv`rthrì l mls plrt`s `m n`r`iga qu` m`s lshst` plrl p`rsaklrs` `k `m lrighva u abhihkl, l bhk n` s`ülmlr ml plrt` n`m naiuc`kta qu` glyl n` iacpumslrs`, sh ka m`s bu`r` k`i`slrhl ml iacpumsl n` tana èm, y plrl pr`s`kihlr `m iat`fa. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <>< Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 E. Zh`zls n` iakvhiihùk l. Hktranuiihùk Xl g`cas vhsta qu` `m lrtãiuma 99> M@Irh, `k r`mlihùk lm iu`rpa n`m n`mhta, nhspak` qu` `m Fu`z hkstruitar arn`klrì r`iad`r `k mas prhc`ras cac`ktas mls lrcls, hkstruc`ktas a `b`itas n` iulmquh`rl imls` qu` pu`nlk t`k`r r`mlihùk iak `m n`mhta y s` glmm`k `k `m mudlr `k qu` `st` s` iac`thù, a `k sus hkc`nhlihak`s, a `k pan`r n`m r`a, a `k atrl plrt` iakaihnl. @m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl `xt`kn`rì nhmhd`kihl `xpr`shvl n`m mudlr, th`cpa t h`cpa y ailshùk `k qu` s` `kiaktrlr`k, n`sirhehèknamas chkuihaslc`kt` plrl qu` s` pu`nl barclr hn`l ilelm n` mas chscas y n` mls ihriukstlkihls n` su glmmlzda. Ml nhmhd`kihl s`rì bhrclnl par ml p`rsakl `k iuya pan`r bu`r`k glmmlnas, kathbhiìknas` l ml chscl `m luta `k qu` s` clkn` r`iad`rmas. N` `st` cana, s` gli` r`b`r`kihl l mls ”ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk–, qu` s` n`bhk`k iaca6 lqu`mmas aef`tas a hkstruc`ktas qu` nlk b` n` ml iachshùk n`m g`iga n`mhithva, yl s`l par su hcpmhilihùk nhr`itl a ihriukstlkihlm iak `m chsca. Zar su plrt`, `m, `m lrtãiuma 997 M@Irh `stlem`i` qu` s` r`iad`rìk n` tlm barcl qu` s` dlrlkthi` su hkt`drhnln y `m Fu`z liarnlrì su r`t`kihùk, iaks`rvlihùk a `kvãa lm ardlkhsca ln`iulna plrl su n`pùshta. @k n`bhkhthvl, `m fu`z n` hkstruiihùk gl n` iaks`rvlrmls `k `m mudlr ln`iulna y l mls r`sumtls n` ml ilusl. Iakimuhnl ml hkstruiihùk n`e`rì r`chthrmls lm trheuklm s`kt`kihlnar, plrl su `xghehihùk y `xlc`k `k `m lita n`m fuhiha arlm. e. Mas `b`itas funhihlm`s6 N`struiihùk y r`lmhzlihùk lkthihplnl n` mas chscas • Iaki`pta Iak uk iaki`pta cìs lcpmha qu` `m n` ”ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk–, qu` iaca g`cas nhiga s` r`bh`r` l lqu`mmas aef`tas a hkstruc`ktas qu` nlk b` n` ml iachshùk n`m g`iga n`mhithva, mas `b`itas funhihlm`s s` n`bhk`k `k mas tèrchkas n`m Lrtãiuma 924 ehs ^`knrìk ml iakshn`rlihùk n` `b`itas funhihlm`s, `k `m arn`k p`klm, tanas lqu`mmas eh`k`s pu`stas l nhspashihùk funhihlm, `celrdlnas, hkilutlnas a lpr`g`knhnas `k `m iursa n` uk prai`nhch`kta p`klm. • N`struiihùk y r`lmhzlihùk r`lmhzlihùk lkthihplnl n` mas `b`itas `b`itas funhihlm`s (lrt. 924 t`r l lrt lrt 924 s`pth`s) - N`struiihùk6 Zanrì n`ir`tlrs` n`ir`tlrs` ml n`struiihùk n`struiihùk n` n` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s, funhihlm`s, n`flkna cu`strls cu`strls subhih`kt`s, subhih`kt`s, iulkna r`sumtlr` k`i`slrhl a iakv`kh`kt` par ml praphl klturlm`zl n` mas `b`itas hkt`rv`khnas a par `m p`mhdra r`lm a pat`kihlm qu` iacpart` su lmcli`klch`kta a iustanhl, pr`vhl lunh`kihl lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm y lm praph`tlrha, sh bu`r` iakaihna, a l ml p`rsakl `k iuya pan`r bu`rak glmmlnas mas `b`itas iuyl n`struiihùk s` pr`t`kn`. Iulkna s` trlt` n` nradls tùxhils, `stup`blih`kt`s `stup`blih`kt`s a sustlkihls sustlkihls pshiatrùphils, pshiatrùphils, ml lutarhnln lnchkhstrlthvl elfa iuyl iustanhl s` `kiu`ktr`k, ukl v`z r`lmhzlnas mas hkbarc`s lklmãthias p`rthk`kt`s, ls`durlnl ml iaks`rvlihùk n` mls cu`strls cãkhcls ` hcpr`sihknhem`s qu`, iakbarc` l irht`rhas ih`ktãbhias, r`sumt`k k`i`slrhls plrl dlrlkthzlr umt`rhar`s iacpraelihak`s a hkv`sthdlihak`s, y pr`vhl iacukhilihùk lm Fu`z hkstruitar, prai`n`rì l su hkc`nhltl n`struiihùk sh, trlsiurrhna `m pmlza n` uk c`s n`sn` qu` s` `b`ituù lqu`mml, ml lutarhnln funhihlm ka gueh`rl arn`klna c`nhlkt` r`samuihùk cathvlnl ml iaks`rvlihùk ãkt`drl n` nhigls sustlkihls. @k tana ilsa, ma iaks`rvlna s` iustanhlrì sh`cpr` l nhspashihùk n`m ùrdlka funhihlm iacp`t`kt`. <>5   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha @k tana ilsa, `m `m M`trlna n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl Fusthihl `xt`kn`rì `xt`kn`rì ml apartukl nhmhd`kihl nhmhd`kihl y, sh s` gueh`rl liarnlna ml n`struiihùk, n`e`rì qu`nlr iakstlkihl `k mas lutas n` ml klturlm`zl, ilmhnln, ilkthnln, p`sa y c`nhnl n` mas `b`itas n`struhnas. Yh ka gueh`s` tlslihùk lkt`rhar, tlcehèk s` n`flrì iakstlkihl n` su vlmar iulkna su bhflihùk bu`r` hcpashem` n`spuès n` ml n`struiihùk. Ma nhspu`sta nhspu`sta s`rì s`rì tlcehèk lpmhilem` l mas `b`itas `b`itas hkt`rv`khnas hkt`rv`khnas `k r`mlihùk iak ml iachshùk iachshùk n` n`mhtas iaktrl ml praph`nln hkt`m`itulm ` hknustrhlm. Zanrì hdulmc`kt` prai`n`rs` l su n`struiihùk lkthihplnl ukl v`z qu` tlm`s `b`itas glylk shna `xlchklnas p`rhihlmc`kt`, ls`durlkna ml iaks`rvlihùk n` mls cu`strls qu` r`sumt`k k`i`slrhls plrl dlrlkthzlr umt`rhar`s iacpraelihak`s a hkv`sthdlihak`s, slmva qu` ml lutarhnln funhihlm liu`rn` c`nhlkt` r`samuihùk cathvlnl su iaks`rvlihùk ãkt`drl `k `m pmlza n` uk c`s n`sn` ml samhihtun n` n`struiihùk. Yh mas aef`tas ka punh`r`k, par su klturlm`zl, iaks`rvlrs` iaks`rvlrs` `k su barcl prhchthvl, `m Fu`z r`samv`rì ma qu` `sthc` iakv`kh`kt` plrl iaks`rvlrmas n`m c`far cana pashem`. - U`lmhzlihùk6 Zanrìk r`lmhzlrs` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s n` mãihta iac`riha, shk `sp`rlr lm prakukihlch`kta a bhrc`zl n`m blmma, y sh`cpr` qu` ka s` trlt` n` ph`zls n` iakvhiihùk a qu` n`elk qu`nlr l `xp`ksls n`m prai`nhch`kta, `k iulmquh`rl n` mas ilsas shduh`kt`s6 l) Iulkna s`lk p`r`i`n`ras.  e) Iulkna su praph`tlrha praph`tlrha gldl `xpr`sa lelknaka n` `mmas. `mmas. i) Iulkna mas dlstas n` iaks`rvlihùk iaks`rvlihùk y n`pùshta s`lk s`lk sup`rhar`s lm vlmar n`m aef`ta `k `k sã. n) Iulkna su iaks`rvlihùk pu`nl r`sumtlr p`mhdrasl plrl ml slmun a s`durhnln pöemhil, a pu`nl nlr mudlr l ukl nhschkuihùk hcpartlkt` n` su vlmar, a pu`nl lb`itlr drlv`c`kt` l su usa y bukihaklch`kta glehtulm`s. `) Iulkna s` trlt` n` `b`itas qu`, shk subrhr n`t`rhara n`t`rhara clt`rhlm, s` n`pr`ih`k sustlkihlmc`kt` sustlkihlmc`kt` par `m trlksiursa n`m th`cpa. b) Iulkna, n`ehnlc`kt` n`ehnlc`kt` r`qu`rhna r`qu`rhna `m praph`tlrha praph`tlrha saer` `m n`sthka n`sthka n`m `b`ita `b`ita funhihlm, ka gldl clkhclkhb`stlihùk lmdukl. Iulkna iakiurrl iakiurrl lmduka n` mas mas supu`stas supu`stas pr`vhstas, pr`vhstas, `m fu`z, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm, n` mls plrt`s a n` ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas, y pr`vhl lunh`kihl n`m hkt`r`slna, liarnlrì ml r`lmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s, slmva qu` iakiurrl lmdukl n` mls shduh`kt`s ihriukstlkihls6 l) @stè p`knh`kt` n` r`samuihùk r`samuihùk `m r`iursa hkt`rpu`sta hkt`rpu`sta par `m hkt`r`slna iaktrl `m `celrda a n`ian`iachsa n` mas eh`k`s a `b`itas.  e) Ml c`nhnl pu`nl r`sumtlr n`spraparihaklnl, l ml vhstl n` mas `b`itas qu` punh`rl supak`r plrl `m hkt`r`slna y, `sp`ihlmc`kt`, n` ml clyar a c`kar r`m`vlkihl n` mas hknhihas `k qu` s` gueh`rl buknlna ml r`samuihùk ilut`mlr n` n`iachsa. Ka aestlkt`, aestlkt`, iulkna `m eh`k n` qu` s` trlt` `stè `celrdlna `celrdlna `k `f`iuihùk n` n` uk liu`rna lnaptlna lnaptlna par ukl lutarhnln funhihlm `xtrlkf`rl `k lpmhilihùk n` ml M`y n` r`iakaihch` r`iakaihch`kta kta cutua n` r`samuihak`s p`klm`s `k ml Pkhùk @urap`l, su r`lmhzlihùk ka panrì mm`vlrs` l ilea shk aet`k`r pr`vhlc`kt` ml lutarhzlihùk n` ml lutarhnln funhihlm `xtrlkf`rl. Ml r`lmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s panrì iakshsthr `k6 l) Ml `ktr`dl l `kthnln`s shk ìkhca n` muira muira a l mls Lnchkhstrlihak`s pöemhils. pöemhils.  e) Ml r`lmhzlihùk par c`nha c`nha n` p`rsakl p`rsakl a `kthnln `sp`ihlmhzlnl. `sp`ihlmhzlnl. i) Ml suelstl pöemhil. `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <>9 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0 Zanrì `ktr`dlrs` `ktr`dlrs` `m `b`ita funhihlm funhihlm l `kthnln`s shk ìkhca ìkhca n` muira a l mls Lnchkhstrlihak`s pöemhils iulkna s`l n` ãkbhca vlmar a s` pr`v`l qu` ml r`lmhzlihùk par c`nha n` p`rsakl a `kthnln `sp`ihlmhzlnl a par c`nha n` suelstl pöemhil s`rì lkth`iakùchil. Ml r`lmhzlihùk r`lmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas `b`itas funhihlm`s funhihlm`s s` mm`vlrì l ilea iakbarc` lm prai`nhch`kta prai`nhch`kta qu` qu` s` n`t`rchk` r`dmlc`ktlrhlc`kt`. Ka aestlkt` ma lkt`rhar, pr`vhlc`kt` l liarnlrml s` iaki`n`rì lunh`kihl lm Chkhst`rha Bhsilm y l mas hkt`r`slnas. @m pranuita pranuita n` n` ml r`lmhzlihùk n` mas mas `b`itas, `b`itas, eh`k`s, eh`k`s, hkstruc`ktas hkstruc`ktas y dlklkihls s` lpmhilrì lpmhilrì l mas dlstas dlstas qu` s` gueh`rlk iluslna `k ml iaks`rvlihùk n` mas eh`k`s y `k `m prai`nhch`kta n` r`lmhzlihùk n` mas chscas, y ml plrt` saerlkt` s` hkdr`slrì `k ml iu`ktl n` iakshdklihak`s n`m fuzdlna a trheuklm, qu`nlkna lb`itl lm plda n` mls r`spakslehmhnln`s ihvhm`s y iastls qu` s` n`imlr`k, `k su ilsa, `k `m prai`nhch`kta. ^lcehèk panrì lshdklrs` tatlm a plrihlmc`kt` n` clk`rl n`bhkhthvl, `k mas tèrchkas y par `m prai`nhch`kta qu` r`dmlc`ktlrhlc`kt` s` `stlem`zilk, l ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas y l mas ùrdlkas n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm `kilrdlnas n` ml r`pr`shùk n` mls lithvhnln`s n` mls ardlkhzlihak`s irhchklm`s. ^ana `mma shk p`rfuhiha n` ma nhspu`sta plrl `m Bakna n` eh`k`s n`iachslnas par trìbhia hmãihta n` nradls y atras n`mhtas r`mlihaklnas. @k `m ilsa n` n` r`lmhzlihùk r`lmhzlihùk n` uk eh`k `celrdlna a n`iachslna n`iachslna par arn`k arn`k n` ukl lutarhnln funhihlm `xtrlkf`rl s` lpmhilrì ma nhspu`sta `k ml M`y n` r`iakaihch`kta cutua n` r`samuihak`s p`klm`s `k ml Pkhùk @urap`l. - Pthmhzlihùk6 Zanrì lutarhzlrs` ml uthmhzlihùk uthmhzlihùk pravhshaklm n` mas eh`k`s a `b`itas n`iachslnas ilut` mlrc`kt` `k mas shduh`kt`s ilsas6 l) Iulkna iakiurrl lmdukl n` mls mls shduh`kt`s ihriukstlkihls6 - su praph`tlrha gldl `xpr`sa lelknaka n` `mmas, - mas dlstas n` iaks`rvlihùk iaks`rvlihùk y n`pùshta n`pùshta s`lk sup`rhar`s sup`rhar`s lm vlmar n`m aef`ta `k sã, - su iaks`rvlihùk pu`nl r`sumtlr p`mhdrasl plrl ml slmun a s`durhnln pöemhil, a pu`nl nlr mudlr l ukl nhschkuihùk hcpartlkt` n` su vlmar, a pu`nl lb`itlr drlv`c`kt` l su usa y bukihaklch`kta glehtulm`s, - s` trlt` n` `b`itas qu`, shk subrhr n`t`rhara clt`rhlm, s` n`pr`ih`k sustlkihlmc`k sustlkihlmc`kt` t` par `m trlksiursa n`m th`cpa, - n`ehnlc`kt` r`qu`rhna `m praph`tlrha praph`tlrha saer` `m n`sthka n`sthka n`m `b`ita funhihlm, funhihlm, ka gldl clkhb`stlihùk lmdukl, y ml uthmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas p`rchtl l ml Lnchkhstrlihùk uk lprav`iglch`kta n` su vlmar clyar qu` iak ml r`lmhzlihùk lkthihplnl, a ka s` iakshn`r` prai`n`kt` ml r`lmhzlihùk lkthihplnl n` mas chscas.  e) Iulkna s` trlt` n` n` `b`itas `sp`ihlmc`kt` `sp`ihlmc`kt` hnùk`as hnùk`as plrl ml pr`stlihùk pr`stlihùk n` uk s`rvhiha pöemhia. Iulkna iakiurrl lmduka n` mas supu`stas pr`vhstas `k `m lplrtlna lkt`rhar, lkt`rhar, `m fu`z, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a n` ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` lithvas, y pr`vhl lunh`kihl n`m hkt`r`slna, lutarhzlrì ml uthmhzlihùk pravhshaklm n` mas `b`itas funhihlm`s. Iarr`spakn`rì l ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` lithvas r`samv`r, iakbarc` l ma pr`vhsta m`dlm y r`dmlc`ktlrhlc`kt`, saer` ml lnfunhilihùk n`m usa n` mas `b`itas n`iachslnas ilut`mlrc`kt` y saer` mls c`nhnls n` iaks`rvlihùk qu` n`elk s`r lnaptlnls. Ml abhihkl hkbarclrì lm fu`z a trheuklm, y lm Bhsilm, n` ma qu` gueh`rl liarnlna. - @m fu`z a trheuklm, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n`m n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a n` n` ml praphl praphl Abhihkl n` n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` lithvas, panrì `kiac`knlr ml mailmhzlihùk, ml iaks`rvlihùk y ml lnchkhstrlihùk n` <>>   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p @m Yuclrha mas `b`itas, eh`k`s, hkstruc`ktas y dlklkihls prai`n`kt`s n` lithvhnln`s n`mhithvls iac`thnls `k `m clria n` ukl ardlkhzlihùk irhchklm l ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas. Ml ardlkhzlihùk y bukihaklch`kta n` nhigl Abhihkl s` r`dumlrìk r`dmlc`ktlrhlc`kt`. i. @sp`ihlm r`b`r`kihl l ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk n` Lithvas • Iaki`pta Ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas `s `m ùrdlka lnchkhstrlthva lm qu` iarr`spakn`k mls bukihak`s n` mailmhzlihùk, r`iup`rlihùk, iaks`rvlihùk, lnchkhstrlihùk y r`lmhzlihùk n` `b`itas prai`n`kt`s n` lithvhnln`s n`mhithvls `k mas tèrchkas pr`vhstas `k ml m`dhsmlihùk p`klm y prai`slm. Iulkna s`l k`i`slrha plrl `m n`s`cp`üa n` sus bukihak`s y r`lmhzlihùk n` sus bhk`s, ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas panrì r`ilelr ml iamlearlihùk n` iulm`squh`rl `kthnln`s pöemhils y prhvlnls, qu` `stlrìk aemhdlnls l pr`stlrml n` iakbarchnln iak su karclthvl `sp`iãbhil (`x. NL 2ª M@Irh). U`dumlnl par U`lm N`ir`ta 8>7/5:<0, n` 59 n` aituer`, par `m qu` s` r`duml ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas, bukihakl, pu`s, iaca ukl g`rrlch`ktl lm s`rvhiha n` mas fuzdlnas y trheuklm`s `k `m clria n` mas prai`sas p`klm`s, y ma glrì tlcehèk iaca luxhmhlr n` mls bhsilmãls `k `m `f`rihiha n` sus bukihak`s r`mlihaklnls iak mls hkv`sthdlihak`s pltrhcakhlm`s qu`, iulkna c`kas, lelrilk mls nhmhd`kihls n`6 - Hkv`sthdlihùk y `f`iuihùk n` iachshak`s radltarhls hkt`rklihaklm`s - Hkv`sthdlihùk pltrhcakhlm pltrhcakhlm `k `m `m prai`nhch`kta prai`nhch`kta n` n`iachsa n`iachsa lutùkaca `k mas tèrchkas pr`vhstas `k `k ml M`y n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm y `k ml M`y 0:/<87<, n` 9: n` nhih`cer`, par ml qu` s` r`duml `m @stltuta Ardìkhia n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm. • Klturlm`zl Furãnhil ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas, s` iakbhdurl iaca uk ùrdlka n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk D`k`rlm n`m @stlna y luxhmhlr n` ml Lnchkhstrlihùk n` Fusthihl, lm qu` iarr`spakn`k mls iacp`t`kihls n` mailmhzlihùk, r`iup`rlihùk, iaks`rvlihùk, lnchkhstrlihùk y r`lmhzlihùk r `lmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas, eh`k`s, hkstruc`ktas y dlklkihls prai`n`kt`s n` lithvhnln`s n`mhithvls iac`thnls `k `m clria n` ukl ardlkhzlihùk irhchklm y n` iulm`squh`rl atrls qu` s` m` ltrheuylk, `k mas tèrchkas pr`vhstas `k ml m`dhsmlihùk p`klm y prai`slm. Ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas litulrì iulkna s` ma `kiach`kn` `m fu`z a trheuklm iacp`t`kt`, n` abhiha a l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm a n` ml praphl Abhihkl. Ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas prai`n`rì, hdulmc`kt`, l ml mailmhzlihùk n` lithvas l hkstlkihl n`m Chkhst`rha Bhsilm `k `m `f`rihiha n` sus iacp`t`kihls `k `m ìcehta n` mls nhmhd`kihls n` hkv`sthdlihùk, n` ml iaap`rlihùk furãnhil hkt`rklihaklm, n`m prai`nhch`kta n` n`iachsa lutùkaca a `k iulm`squh`rl atrls litulihak`s `k mas tèrchkas pr`vhstas `k mls m`y`s p`klm`s a prai`slm`s. • Bhk`s Ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas lpmhilrì `m pranuita n` ml d`sthùk y r`lmhzlihùk n` mas `b`itas, eh`k`s, hkstruc`ktas y dlklkihls n`m n`mhta l mas bhk`s pr`vhstas `k ml M`y n` @kfuhihlch`kta Irhchklm iak mas shduh`kt`s aef`thvas prharhtlrhas6 l) @m lpaya l pradrlcls n` lt`kihùk l vãithcls n`m n`mhta, tlkta n` mls Lnchkhstrlihak`s Lnchkhstrlihak`s Zöemhils, iaca n` ardlkhzlihak`s ka due`rklc`ktlm`s a `kthnln`s prhvlnls shk ìkhca n` muira, iak `sp`ihlm lt`kihùk l mls vãithcls n` t`rrarhsca, l mls n` vham`kihl n` dèk`ra, trltl n` s`r`s guclkas, n`mhtas `nhtarhlm    }         i`p <>0 Zrai`nhch`ktas Zrai`nhch`k tas Funhihlm`s. N) Zrai`nhch`k Zrai`nhch`kta ta Z`klm. ^`cl >0  e) i) n) ^ac` katl Iaksthtuy` ukl bukihùk `s`kihlm n` ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas `m ls`sarlch`kta tèikhia l mas  fuzdln  fuz dlnas, as, trh trheuk euklm`s lm`s y bhs bhsililmãls, qu` ma samhiht`k `k clt`rhl n` `f`iuihùk n` `celrdas y n`iachsas, l mas `b`itas n` `vhtlr litulihak`s lkth`iakùchils y dlrlkthzlr, n`ktra n`m r`sp`ta l ml m`y y iak `m iucpmhch`kta n` tanls mls dlrlktãls prai`slm`s, `m cìxhca e`k`bhiha `iakùchia. <>2 `) b) vham`ktas y iaktrl ml mhe`rtln s`xulm, lsã iaca l mls vãithcls iak nhsilplihnln k`i`shtlnls n` `sp`ihlm prat`iihùk y l mls vãithcls c`kar`s n` `nln. @m hcpumsa y natlihùk natlihùk n` c`nhas n` mls Abhihkls Abhihkls n` Lshst`kihl l mls Rãithcls. @m lpaya l pradrlcls saihlm`s arh`ktlnas l ml pr`v`kihùk n`m n`mhta y `m trltlch`kta n`m n`mhkiu`kt`. Ml hkt`kshbhilihùk y c`farl n` mls litulihak`s n` pr`v`kihùk, hkv`sthdlihùk, p`rs`iuihùk y r`pr`shùk n` mas n`mhtas, hkimuy`kna6 <.¶ Mas dlstas k`i`slrhas plrl ml aet`kihùk n` pru`els `k ml hkv`sthdlihùk, iacpr`knh`kna iacpr`knh`kna `m iast` n` mls p`rhihls n`m Hksthtuta Klihaklm n` ^axhiamadãl y Ih`kihls Bar`ks`s y n` mas Hksthtutas n` C`nhihkl M`dlm y Ih`kihls Bar`ks`s. 5.¶ Ml lnquhshihùk n` c`nhas clt`rhlm`s plrl mas ùrdlkas iacp`t`kt`s `k ml r`pr`shùk, hkv`sthdlihùk y r`lmhzlihùk n` mls pru`els p`rhihlm`s. 9.¶ Ml barclihùk y ilplihtlihùk `sp`ihlmhzlnl n` mas ùrdlkas `kilrdlnas n` ml pr`v`kihùk y r`pr`shùk n` ml irhchklmhnln ardlkhzlnl. >.¶ @m r``ceamsa n` mas dlstas `k qu` mãihtlc`kt` glylk panhna hkiurrhr mas plrthiumlr`s a mas s`rvhihas n` mls Lnchkhstrlihak`s Zöemhils qu` gueh`s`k iamlearlna iak mas ùrdlkas iacp`t`kt`s `k ml hkv`sthdlihùk. Ml iaap`rlihùk hkt`rklihaklm hkt`rklihaklm `k ml muigl iaktrl mls barcls drlv`s n` irhchklmhnln. Ml slthsbliihùk n` mas praphas dlstas n` bukihaklch`kta y d`sthùk n` ml abhihkl, hkimuy`kna mas qu` s` gueh`rlk iluslna `k `m `f`rihiha n` mls bukihak`s iakt`cpmlnls `k `m lrtãiuma shduh`kt`. • Bukihak`s Ml mailmhzlihùk y r`iup`rlihùk n` `b`itas, eh`k`s, hkstruc`ktas y dlklkihls prai`n`kt`s n` lithvhnln`s n`mhithvls, su iaks`rvlihùk, lnchkhstrlihùk y r`lmhzlihùk. ^lcehèk iarr`spakn` l ml Abhihkl n` U`iup`rlihùk y D`sthùk n` Lithvas r`samv`r, iakbarc` l ma pr`vhsta m`dlm y r`dmlc`ktlrhlc`kt`, saer` ml lnfunhilihùk n`m usa n` mas `b`itas `celrdlnas ilut`mlrc`kt` y saer` mls c`nhnls n` iaks`rvlihùk qu` n`elk s`r lnaptlnls.   `nhtarhlm    }         i`p