Transcript
REDUCING HARMONIC VOLTAGE AT INDUSTRIAL AREADISTRIBUTION NETWORK USING NETWORK CONFIGURATIONMANAGEMENT by MOHD SHAHED BIN LATIF Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirementsfor the degree of BEng. (Electrical & Electronic Engineering)March 2008 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research could not been completed and this thesis cannot be writtenwithout the scholarship and resources provided by Tenaga Nasional Berhad.Thanks to my supervisor, Dr. Ir. Syafruddin Masri, for the guidance andencouragement during my study process. Also thanks to my colleagues atGelugor Power Station, Penang who always support and encourage me and,the staff at Regional Control Centre, Bayan Lepas who provided me all theinformation required for my research. And finally, thanks to my family, especiallymy departed wife who offered moral support and endured this long process withme. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF ABBREVIATION x ABSTRAK xi ABSTRACT xii CHAPTER ONE : INTRODUCTION 1.1Overview on Harmonic11.2Standards on Harmonic31.3Harmonic Mitigation41.4Time-Varying Harmonic51.5Industrial Area61.6Factors Contributing to Harmonic Fluctuation71.7Evaluating Harmonic Characteristic81.8Objective and Scope of Research81.9Methodology91.10Contribution of This Study101.11Overview of Thesis11 CHAPTER TWO : LITERATURE SURVEY 2.1Background122.2Basic on Harmonics122.3Harmonic Characteristic of Industrial Area162.4Harmonic Standards192.5Time Varying Harmonic222.6Harmonic Mitigation and Economic Consideration242.7Identifying Harmonic Source26 CHAPTER THREE : SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS 3.1Effect of Consumer Load Fluctuation Size303.2Effect of Consumer Location313.3Effect of Different Network Configuration333.4Effect of Network Total Load333.5Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion Calculation343.6Baseline for Comparison363.7Evaluating Probabilistic Aspect of Harmonic Voltage383.8Simulation on Effect of Consumer Load Fluctuation Size40 iv 3.9Simulation on Effect of Consumer Location in NetworkBranch413.10Simulation on Effect of Different Network Configuration423.11Simulation on Effect of Adding New Load42 CHAPTER FOUR : TEST NETWORK, MODELING ANDPARAMETERS 4.1Industrial Area Distribution Network434.2Component Rated Values and Impedance Modeling454.2.1Transmission System454.2.2Transformer474.2.3Cables484.2.4Consumer Loads504.2.5Harmonic Source514.3Probability of Network Loading524.4Simulation Software53 CHAPTER FIVE : SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 5.1Rated Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion585.2Simulation I Results And Analysis595.3Simulation II Results And Analysis625.4Analysis of Distance of Disturbance on THD v Variation635.5Results and Analysis for Configuration B and C655.6Analysis for Different Branch Loading695.7Result of Adding New Linear Load705.8Discussions71 CHAPTER SIX : CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION 6.1Conclusions756.2Recommendation for Future Study77 REFERENCES 78 APPENDICES Appendix A - Table of Random Load LevelAppendix B - Results for Effect of Load Variability in Configuration AAppendix C - Results for Effect of Load Variability in Configuration Aat 2/3 Current HarmonicAppendix D - Results for Effect of Load Variability in Configuration Aat 1/3 Current HarmonicAppendix E - Load Variability Results for Configurations A, B and CAppendix F - Difference in Network Branch Load and Difference InTHD v Between Configuration B and C v
