The Renaissance And Baroque Town Planning

Transcript

THE RENAISSANCE AND BAROQUE TOWN PLANNING THE BAROQUE TOWN PLANNING • The Baroque town planning was prevalent in the 17th century A.D. • The Baroque city plan appeared simultaneously with the emergence of strong states. • The strength & importance of the state dictates the need for walls of military gracis around baroque cities to protect them from strong enemies. • These cities had various spaces preallocated for different purposes. ZONING • !trict "oning • #and use is divided into several functions. • $ublic versus private and residential versus industrial are common trends in spatial layout. • The purpose of a baroque layout is to display the city%s power and strength resulting in the construction of  monuments. • Designed to put people in their place utili"ing hierarchy of space and separation of the classes. • The center usually public and commercial is the largest and most important section. • A radial street networ' e(tends from the center and as a section of the city%s distance from the focus increases its importance decreases. • The government district is usually in the center square attached to it) elite neighborhoods spring up along the wide avenues while the poorest residential sections are forced to the edge of the city. • *reen space and open space are found throughout the city and each section is built around its own square. • !quares & par's also display a hierarchy of space+ as sections are pushed farther from the center the si"e of public space decreases. • The physical ,rban $lanning of -enice remains very similar to the layout it acquired in the mperial Age. • The city sprouted with Doge !ebastiano /iani creating public space in the $ia""a !an 0arco. • t is from this focal point that the city began to radiate. n a winding fashion2 in a Baroque city model. • -enice can be compared to a Baroque city model as long as the scale is 'ept in  perspective. PLANNING • #and separation is present in the layout 3 the Arsenale home of the ship building that was once -enice%s primary industry is located on the farthest edge of the island away from the administrative and residential districts. • The "oning becomes fu""y as the city converts many areas to tourist functions. • The focus of the Baroque city can be found in the role of !an 0arco and its $ia""a which housed the administrative functions Doge%s $alace2 of the Baroque era and  buildings. • Although this focus was not in the e(act center of the city but not on the southern edge hierarchy of space still revolved around it. • #ined with pala""os the main thoroughfare was only home to the elite. • A relatively small clearing the $ia""a !an 0arco dominates less than 1444 sq. m. of -enice%s surface. • #aid out in Doge !evastiano /iani%s 15th century urban renewal plan the $ia""a has always been the active focus of the city. • The square has bustled with merchants and natives since its creation. • ts accessible location on the 6anal *rande and the waterfront made it a strategic site for administrative and trade transactions. • *randiose buildings and monuments define the boundaries of the $ia""a. • Destined to be the social administrative religious and commercial hub from the time of its construction the square boasts the headquarters of these -enetian institututions. T8 !8!T89 • The historic 6enter of -enice is divided into si( sesteri or districts three of each side of the 6anal *rande + Dorsoduro !anta 6roce !an $olo on the 8ast Ban' and 6annaregio 6astello and !an 0arco on the :est. • These districts fulfill mainly residential and co mmercial functions. • 0ost of the residential districts are found in the 8astern !ection of -enice. • :ealthy and poor "ones are scattered throughout these neighborhoods. • 8ach district has its own campi or square which serves as the local center of each sesteri. • !an 0arco itself is the focal point of the city and therefore the most crowded & successful.