Transcript
DRE EAHRLHLKPRLCCNR & NEBN@@N@ XQXPNE
4>NH92
Dhhlr`ako tl YP^ HBHX (264>) Xhmnen
Xyccdbus:
El`ucn 0: Nebn``n` Xystne @nsaok Hlkhnpts: Hmdrdhtnrastahs dk`
Tudcaty Dttrabutns li Nebn``n` Xystnes, Lpnrdtalkdc dk` klk-lpnrdtalkdc qudcaty dttrabutns, Nebn``n` Xystnes-Dppcahdtalk dk` @ledak spnhaiah, Mdr`wdrn Xlitwdrn Hl-@nsaok dk` Vrlorde El`nccako (nxhcu`ako ^EC), Nebn``n` iarewdrn `nsaok dk` `nvnclpenkt (nxhcu`ako H cdkoudon). (Pnxt 2: Hm-8, Hm-0, Hm-? (Xnhtalks ?.4, ?.2 lkcy), Hm-1 (Xnhtalks 1.4, 1.2, 1.8.4, 1.8.2 lkcy)
Pnxt Bllg: Xmabu G Y, –Aktrl`uhtalk tl Nebn``n` Xystnes―, Pdtd EhOrdw Macc n`uhdtalk Vravdtn Caeatn`, 2k` N`atalk.
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 4 li 24
El`ucn 0: Nebn``n` Xystne @nsaok Hlkhnpts 0.4 Hmdrdhtnrastahs li Nebn``n` Xystne Ndhm Nebn``n` Xystne plssnssns d snt li hmdrdhtnrastahs wmahm drn ukaqun tl at. Xlen aeplrtdkt hmdrdhtnrastahs li nebn``n` systnes drn:
Dppcahdtalk & @ledak Xpnhaiah
Rndhtavn & Rndc Paen
Lpnrdtns ak ”mdrsm‑ nkvarlkenkt
@astrabutn`
Xedcc sazn dk` _naomt
Vlwnr Hlkhnrks
0.2 Tudcaty Dttrabutns li Nebn``n` Xystnes: Rnprnsnkt tmn klk-iukhtalkdc rnquarnenkts tmdt knn`s tl bn d``rnssn` ak tmn `nsaok li dk nebn``n` systne. Pmn vdralus qudcaty dttrabutns tmdt knn`s tl bn d``rnssn` ak dky nebn``n` systne `nvnclpenkt drn brld`cy hcdssaian` aktl
Lpnrdtalkdc Tudcaty Dttrabutns Dttrabutns
Rninrs tl tmn rncnvdkt qudcaty dttrabutns rncdtn` tl tdk nebn``n` systne wmnk at as ak tmn lpnrdtalkdc el`n lr ” lkcakn‑ el`n
Klk-Lpnrdtalkdc Klk-Lpnrdtalkdc Tudcaty Dttrabutns
Pmn Tudcaty dttrabutns tmdt knn`s tl tl bn d``rnssn` ilr tmn prl`uht ”klt‑ lk tmn bdsas li lpnrdtalkdc dspnhts drn orlupn` uk`nr tmas hdtnolry. 0.2.4 Lpnrdtalkdc Tudcaty Dttrabutns
Rnsplksn - Rnsplksn as d endsurn li quahgknss li tmn systne. At oavns ylu dk a`nd
dblut mlw idst ylur systne as trdhgako tmn akput vdradbcns. Elst li tmn nebn``n` systne `nedk` idst rnsplksn wmahm smluc` bn rndc-taen.
Pmrluomput- Pmrluomput `ndcs watm tmn niiahankhy li systne. At hdk bn `niakn` ds
rdtn li prl`uhtalk lr prlhnss li d `niakn` prlhnss lvnr d stdtn` pnral` li taen. Ak hdsn li hdr` rnd`nr cagn tmn lkns usn` ak busns, tmrluomput endks mlw euhm trdksdhtalk tmn rnd`nr hdk pnrilre ak d eakutn lr mlur lr `dy.
Rncadbacaty- Rncadbacaty as d endsurn li mlw euhm pnrhnktdon ylu rncy uplk tmn prlpnr iukhtalkako li tmn systne. Endk Paen bntwnnk idacurns dk` Endk Paen tl Rnpdar drn tnres usn` ak `niakako systne rncadbacaty. Endk Paen bntwnnk idacurns hdk
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 2 li 24
bn `niakn` ds tmn dvnrdon taen tmn t mn systne as iukhtalkako bnilrn d idacurn ida curn lhhurs. Endk taen tl rnpdar hdk bn `niakn` ds tmn dvnrdon taen tmn systne mds spnkt ak rnpdars.
Edaktdakdbacaty- Edaktdakdbacaty `ndcs watm supplrt dk` edaktnkdkhn tl tmn nk` usnr lr d hcankt ak hdsn li tnhmkahdc assuns dk` prl`uht idacurns lr lk tmn bdsas li d rlutakn systne hmnhgup. At hdk bn hcdssaian` aktl twl typns: Xhmn`ucn` lr Vnral`ah Edaktnkdkhn Pmas as tmn edaktnkdkhn tmdt as rnquarn` rnoucdrcy ditnr d pnral`ah taen aktnrvdc Edaktnkdkhn tl uknxpnhtn` idacurn Pmas akvlcvns tmn edaktnkdkhn `un tl d su``nk brndg`lwk ak tmn iukhtalkako li tmn systne.
Aktnoraty dk` Dvdacdbacaty drn tmrnn hlrknr stlkns li Xnhuraty - Hlkia`nktadcaty, Aktnoraty akilredtalk snhuraty. Hlkia`nktadcaty `ndcs watm prltnhtalk `dtd irle ukdutmlrazn` `ashclsurn. Aktnoraty oavns prltnhtalk irle ukdutmlrazn` el`aiahdtalk. Dvdacdbacaty oavns prltnhtalk irle ukdutmlrazn` usnr. Hnrtdak Nebn``n` systnes mdvn tl edgn surn tmny hlkilre tl tmn snhuraty endsurns. Nx. Dk Ncnhtrlkah Xdinty @nplsat Clhgnr hdk bn usn` lkcy watm d pak kuebnr cagn d pdsswlr`. Xdinty - Xdinty `ndcs watm tmn plssabcn `dedon tmdt hdk mdppnk tl tmn lpnrdtako pnrslk dk` nkvarlkenkt `un tl tmn brndg`lwk li dk nebn``n` systne lr `un tl tmn neassalk li mdzdr`lus edtnradcs irle tmn nebn``n` prl`uhts. D sdinty dkdcysas as d eust ak prl`uht nkoaknnrako tl nvdcudtn n vdcudtn tmn dktahapdtn` `dedon dk` `ntnreakn tmn bnst hlursn li dhtalk tl brako `lwk tmn hlksnqunkhn li `dedons tl dk dhhnptdbcn cnvnc.
0.2.2 Klk-Lpnrdtalkdc Tudcaty Dttrabutns
Pnstdbacaty & @nbuo-dbacaty- At `ndcs watm mlw ndsacy lkn hdk tnst mas/mnr `nsaok, dppcahdtalk dk` by wmahm endk mn/smn hdk tnst at. Ak mdr`wdrn tnstako tmn pnrapmnrdcs dk` tltdc mdr`wdrn iukhtalk ak `nsaokn` edkknr. Iarewdrn tnstako as iukhtalkako ak nxpnhtn` wdy. @nbuo-dbacaty as endks li `nbuooako tmn prl`uht ds suhm ilr iaourako lut tmn prlbdbcn slurhns tmdt hrndtn uknxpnhtn` bnmdvalr ak tmn tltdc systne. Nvlcvdbacaty- Ilr nebn``n` systne, tmn qudcatdtavn dttrabutn –Nvlcvdbacaty― rninr s tl ndsn watm wmahm tmn nebn``n` prl`uht hdk bn el`aian` tl tdgn d`vdktdon li knw iarewdrn lr mdr`wdrn tnhmklcloy.
Ak`npnk`nkhn―. Dk nebn``n` prl`uht Vlrtdbacaty- Vlrtdbacaty as endsurn` li –systne Ak`npnk`nkhn―. Dk hdk bn hdccn` plrtdbcn ai at as hdpdbcn li pnrilreako ats lpnrdtalk ds at as aktnk`n` tl `l ak vdralus nkvarlkenkts arrnspnhtavn li `aiinrnkt prlhnsslr dk` lr hlktrlccnr dk` nebn``n` lpnrdtako systnes. Paen tl Vrltltypn dk` Edrgnt - Paen tl Edrgnt as tmn taen ncdpsn` bntwnnk tmn hlkhnptudcazdtalk li d prl`uht dk` taen dt wmahm tmn prl`uht as rnd`y ilr snccako lr usn. Vrl`uht prltltypako mncp ak rn`uhako taen tl edrgnt. Vrltltypako as dk akilredc gak` li rdpa` prl`uht `nvnclpenkt ak wmahm aeplrtdkt indturn li tmn uk`nr hlksa`nr drn `nvnclp. Ak lr`nr tl smlrtnk tmn taen tl prltltypn, edgn usn li dcc plssabcn lptalk cagn usn li rnusn, lii tmn snci hleplknkt nth. Vnr ^kat dk` Pltdc Hlst- Hlst as dk aeplrtdkt idhtlr wmahm knn`s tl bn hdrniuccy elkatlrn`. Vrlpnr edrgnt stu`y dk` hlst bnkniat dkdcysas smluc` bn hdrran` lut bnilrn
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 8 li 24
tdgako `nhasalk lk tmn pnr ukat hlst li tmn nebn``n` prl`uht. _mnk tmn prl`uht as aktrl`uhn` ak tmn edrgnt, ilr tmn akatadc pnral` tmn sdcns dk` rnvnkun wacc bn clw. Pmnrn wlk‑t bn euhm hlepntatalk wmnk tmn prl`uht sdcns dk` rnvnkun akhrndsn. @urako tmn edturako pmdsn, tmn orlwtm wacc bn stnd`y dk` rnvnkun rndhmns maomnst plakt dk` dt rntarnenkt taen tmnrn wacc bn d `rlp ak sdcns vlcuen.
Iaourn 0.4: Pmn Vrl`uht Cain Hyhcn (VCH) Hurvn
0.8 Nebn``n` Xystnes ‘ Dppcahdtalk Dppcahdtalk & @ledak Xpnhaiah 0.8.4 _dsmako Edhmakn ‘ Dppcahdtalk Dppcahdtalk Xpnhaiah Nebn``n` Xystne Nxtnksavncy usn` ak Mlen Dutledtalk ilr wdsmako dk` `ryako hcltmns Hlktdaks ^snr Aktnridhn ukats (A/L) cagn Gnypd`s, @aspcdy ukat, CN@s ilr dhhnptako
usnr akputs dk` prlva`ako vasudc ak`ahdtalks Hlktdaks snkslrs cagn, wdtnr cnvnc snkslr, tnepnrdturn snkslr nth. Hlktdaks dhtudtlrs cagn spak dk` doatdtalk hlktrlc eltlr ukats Hlktdaks dk aktnordtns nebn``n` hlktrlccnr ilr hlktrlccako tmn wdsmako lpnrdtalks Xnkslrs, dhtudtlrs dk` A/L `nvahns drn aktnridhn` tl tmn A/L subsystne li tmn
nebn``n` hlktrlc ukat Xpnhaiahdccy `nsaokn` ilr snrvako tmn dppcahdtalk ”_dsm & Raksn‑ li hcltmns dk`
hdkklt bn usn` ilr dky ltmnr dppcahdtalks
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 0 li 24
Iaourn 0.2: Hleplknkts li _dsmako Edhmakn 0.8.2 Dutleltavn ‘ @ledak @ledak Xpnhaiah Nxdepcn li Nebn``n` Xystnes Xystnes Onknrdccy buact drluk` @aoatdc Xaokdc Vrlhnsslrs, Dppcahdtalk Xpnhaiah Akstruhtalk Xnt
Vrlhnsslrs
(cagn
Dtenc
prlhnsslrs/Hlktrlccnrs,
Xystne
Dutleltavn lk
Hmaps,
DYR)
dk`
Vrlordeedbcn
Onknrdc
purplsn
Cloah @nvahns
lr
Dppcahdtalk Xpnhaiah Aktnordtn`/Xtdk`dr` Vrl`uhts (DXAH/DXXV) lr d hlebakdtalk li tmnsn. Dutleltavn Nebn``n` Hlktrlc ukats drn onknrdccy gklwk ds Ncnhtrlkah Hlktrlc ^kats
(NH^s) Pmn prnsnkhn li NH^s vdry irle saepcn earrlr hlktrlc ukats tl hlepcnx Darbdo
`npclyenkt dk` Dktaclhg brdgako Xystnes (DBX) Pmn kuebnr li nebn``n` hlktrlccnrs ak dk lr`akdry vnmahcn vdrans irle 26 tl 06
wmnrnds d cuxury vnmahcn edy hlktdak ?6-466 nebn``n` hlktrlc ukats. Pmn iarst nebn``n` systne usn` ak dutleltavn dppcahdtalk wds tmn eahrlprlhnsslr
bdsn` iunc akjnhtalk systne aktrl`uhn` by Ylcgswdonk Ylcgswdonk 4966 ak 419= 0.8.2.4 Maom spnn` Ncnhtrlkah Hlktrlc ^kats (MNH^s)
Maom spnn` Ncnhtrlkah Hlktrlc ^kats (MNH^s) drn `npclyn` ak hratahdc hlktrlc ukats rnquarako idst rnsplksn. Pmny akhcu`n Iunc Akjnhtalk Xystnes, Dktaclhg Brdgn Xystnes, Nkoakn Hlktrlc, Ncnhtrlkah tmrlttcn, Xtnnrako Hlktrlcs, Prdkseassalk Hlktrlc ukat dk` Hnktrdc Hlktrlc ukat.
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon > li 24
0.8.2.2 Clw spnn` Ncnhtrlkah Hlktrlc ^kats (CNH^s)
Clw Xpnn` Ncnhtrlkah Hlktrlc ^kats (CNH^s) drn `npclyn` ak dppcahdtalks wmnrn rnsplksn taen as klt sl hratahdc. hratahdc . Pmny onknrdccy drn buact drluk` clw hlst eahrlprlhnsslrs/eahrlhlktrlccnrs dk` @aoatdc Xaokdc Vrlhnsslrs. Du`al hlktrlccnrs, Vdssnkonr dk` `ravnr `llr clhgs, @llr ocdss hlktrlcs (Vlwnr _ak`lws), _apnr hlktrlc, Earrlr Hlktrlc, Xndt hlktrlc systnes, Mnd` cdep dk` tdac cdep hlktrlcs, Xuk rlli hlktrlc ukat nth. drn nxdepcns li CNH^s. 0.8.8 Dutleltavn Hleeukahdtalk Busns Hlktrlccnr Drnd Kntwlrg (HDK) Lraoakdccy prlplsn` by Rlbnrt Blshm, palknnrs a k tmn Dutleltavn Nebn``n` Xlcutalk
prlva`nrs Xupplrts en`aue spnn` (AXL44>41-Hcdss B watm `dtd rdtns up tl 42> Gbps) dk` maom
spnn` (AXL44=1= Hcdss H watm `dtd rdtns up tl 4Ebps) `dtd trdksi nr. Dk nvnkt `ravnk prltlhlc aktnridhn watm supplrt ilr nrrlr mdk`cako ak `dtd
trdkseassalk Onknrdccy nepclyn` ak sdinty systne cagn Darbdo hlktrlc7 plwnrtrdak systnes cagn
Nkoakn hlktrlc dk` Dktaclhg Brdgn Xystnes (DBX)7 dk` kdvaodtalk systnes cagn OVX Clhdc Aktnrhlkknht Kntwlrg (CAK) D sakocn edstnr euctapcn scdvn (up tl 49 ak`npnk`nkt scdvn kl`ns) hleeukahdtalk
aktnridhn CAK as d clw spnn`, sakocn warn hleeukahdtalk aktnridhn watm supplrt ilr `dtd rdtns
up tl 26Gbps Edakcy usn` ilr snkslr/dhtudtlr aktnridhako Ilcclws tmn Edstnr hleeukahdtalk traoonrako tnhmkaqun tl ncaeakdtn tmn plssabcn bus
drbatrdtalk prlbcne tmdt hdk lhhur by tmn saeuctdknlus tdcgako li `aiinrnkt scdvn kl`ns hlkknhtn` tl d sakocn aktnridhn bus CAK bus as nepclyn` ak dppcahdtalks cagn earrlr hlktrlcs, idk hlktrlcs, sndt plsatalkako
hlktrlcs, wak`lw hlktrlcs, dk` plsatalk hlktrlcs wmnrn rnsplksn taen as klt d hratahdc assun En`ad Lranktn` Xystne Prdksplrt (ELXP) bus Pdrontn` ilr dutleltavn Du`al Ya`nl nquapenkt aktnridhako D euctaen`ad iabnr-lptah plakt-tl-plakt kntwlrg aepcnenktn` ak d stdr, rako lr `dasy-
hmdakn` tlplcloy lvnr lptahdc iabnrs hdbcns
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 9 li 24
Pmn ELXP bus spnhaiahdtalks `niakn tmn Vmysahdc (Ncnhtrahdc dk` Lptahdc pdrdentnrs)
cdynr ds wncc ds tmn Dppcahdtalk Dppcahdta lk Cdynr, Kntwlrg Cdynr, dk` En`ad Dhhnss Hlktrlc ELXP bus as dk lptahdc iabnr hdbcn hlkknhtn` bntwnnk tmn Ncnhtrahdc Lptahdc
Hlkvnrtnr (NLH) dk` Lptahdc Ncnhtrahdc Hlkvnrtnr (LNH), wmahm wluc` trdkscdtn aktl tmn lptahdc hdbcn ELXP bus
0.0 Mdr`wdrn Xlitwdrn Hl-@nsaok dk` Vrlorde El`ncako 0.0.4 Prd`atalkdc Nebn``n` Xystne @nvnclpenkt Dpprldhm Pmn mdr`wdrn slitwdrn pdrtatalkako as `lkn dt dk ndrcy stdon Nkoaknnrs irle tmn slitwdrn orlup tdgn hdrn li tmn slitwdrn drhmatnhturn `nvnclpenkt
dk` aepcnenktdtalk, dk` nkoaknnrs irle tmn mdr`wdrn orlup drn rnsplksabcn ilr buac`ako tmn mdr`wdrn rnquarn` ilr tmn prl`uht prl`uht Pmnrn as cnss aktnrdhtalk bntwnnk tmn twl tndes dk` tmn `nvnclpenkt mdppnks natmnr
snradccy lr ak pdrdccnc dk` lkhn tmn mdr`wdrn dk` slitwdrn drn rnd`y, tmn aktnordtalk as pnrilren` 0.0.2 Mdr`wdrn Xlitwdrn Hl-`nsaok Dpprldhm ilr Nebn``n` Xystne @nvnclpenkt Pmn prl`uht rnquarnenkts hdpturn` irle tmn hustlenr drn hlkvnrtn` aktl systne cnvnc
knn`s lr prlhnssako rnquarnenkts rnquarnenkts rdtmnr tmdk pdrtatalkako tmne tl natmnr m/w lr s/w Pmn systne cnvnc prlhnssako rnquarnenkts drn tmnk trdksinrrn` aktl iukhtalks wmahm
hdk bn saeucdtn` dk` vnraian` dodakst pnrilredkhn dk` iukhtalkdcaty Pmn Drhmatnhturn `nsaok ilcclws tmn systne `nsaok. Pmn pdrtatalk li systne cnvnc
prlhnssako rnquarnenkts aktl mdr`wdrn dk` slitwdrn tdgns pcdhn `urako tmn tmas pmdsn Ndhm systne cnvnc prlhnssako rnquarnenkt as edppn` ds natmnr mdr`wdrn dk`/lr
slitwdrn rnquarnenkt Pmn pdrtatalkako as pnrilren` bdsn` lk tmn mdr`wdrn-slitwdrn trd`n-liis
0.0.8 Iuk`denktdc assuns ak M/w X/w Hl-`nsaok El`nc Xncnhtalk D El`nc hdpturns dk` `nshrabns tmn systne hmdrdhtnrastahs. D el`nc as d ilredc systne hlksastako li lbjnhts dk` hleplsatalk rucns. At as mdr` tl edgn d `nhasalk lk wmahm el`nc smluc` bn ilcclwn` ak d pdrtahucdr
systne `nsaok. Elst litnk `nsaoknrs swathm bntwnnk d vdranty li el`ncs irle tmn rnquarnenkts
spnhaiahdtalk tl tmn aepcnenktdtalk dspnht li tmn systne `nsaok.
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon ? li 24
Pmn lbjnhtavns vdry watm ndhm pmdsn.
Drhmatnhturn Drhmatnhturn Xncnhtalk D el`nc lkcy hdpturns tmn systne hmdrdhtnrastahs dk` `lns klt prlva`n akilredtalk lk
”mlw tmn systne hdk bn edkuidhturn`<‑ Pmn drhmatnhturn spnhaians mlw d systne as olako tl bn aepcnenktn` ak tnres li tmn
kuebnr dk` typns li `aiinrnkt hleplknkts dk` tmn aktnrhlkknhtalk delko tmne Hlktrlccnr drhmatnhturn, @dtdpdtm Drhmatnhturn, Hlepcnx Akstruhtalk Xnt Hleputako
(HAXH), Rn`uhn` Akstruhtalk Xnt Hleputako (RAXH), Ynry clko Akstruhtalk _lr` Hleputako (YCA_), Xakocn Akstruhtalk Euctapcn @dtd (XAE@), Euctapcn Akstruhtalk Euctapcn @dtd (EAE@) nth drn tmn hleelkcy usn` drhmatnhturns ak systne `nsaok Cdkoudon Xncnhtalk D prlordeeako Cdkoudon hdpturns d ”Hleputdtalkdc El`nc‑ dk` edps at aktl
drhmatnhturn D el`nc hdk bn hdpturn` usako euctapcn prlordeeako cdkoudons cagn H, H++, H#,
Jdvd nth ilr slitwdrn aepcnenktdtalks dk` cdkoudons cagn YM@C, Xystne H, Ynraclo nth ilr mdr`wdrn aepcnenktdtalks Hnrtdak cdkoudons drn oll` ak hdpturako hnrtdak hleputdtalkdc el`nc. Ilr nxdepcn,
H++ as d oll` hdk`a`dtn ilr hdpturako dk lbjnht lranktn` el`nc. Pmn lkcy prn-rnquasatn ak sncnhtako d prlordeeako cdkoudon ilr hdpturako d el`nc as
tmdt tmn cdkoudon smluc` hdpturn tmn el`nc ndsacy 0.0.0 Hleputdtalkdc El`ncs ak Nebn``n` @nsaok @dtd Iclw Ordpm/@adorde (@IO) El`nc Prdkscdtns tmn `dtd prlhnssako rnquarnenkts aktl d `dtd iclw ordpm D `dtd `ravnk el`nc ak wmahm tmn prlorde nxnhutalk as `ntnreakn` by `dtd. Nepmdsazns lk tmn `dtd dk` lpnrdtalks lk tmn `dtd wmahm trdksilres tmn akput `dtd tl
lutput `dtd. D vasudc el`nc ak wmahm tmn lpnrdtalk lk tmn `dtd (prlhnss) as rnprnsnktn` usako d
bclhg (harhcn) dk` `dtd iclw as rnprnsnktn` usako drrlws. Dk akwdr` drrlw tl tmn prlhnss (harhcn) rnprnsnkts akput `dtd dk` dk lutwdr` drrlw irle tmn prlhnss (harhcn) rnprnsnkts lutput `dtd ak @IO kltdtalk Bnst suatn` ilr el`ncako Nebn``n` systnes wmahm drn hleputdtalkdc aktnksavn (cagn
@XV dppcahdtalks)
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon = li 24
@ dtd dtd pdtm: pdtm: Pmn `dtd iclw pdtm irle akput tl lutput. D @IO el`nc as sda` tl bn dhyhcah @IO (D@IO) ai at `lnsk‑t hlktdak euctapcn vdcuns ilr tmn akput vdradbcn dk` euctapcn lutput vdcuns ilr d oavnk snt li akput(s). Inn`bdhg akputs (Lutput as inn`bdhg tl Akput), nvnkts nth drn nxdepcns ilr klk-dhyhcah akputs. D @IO el`nc trdkscdtns tmn prlorde ds d sakocn snqunktadc prlhnss nxnhutalk.
Iaourn 0.8: @IO El`nc7 x 5 d + b7 dk` y 5 x - h7 Hlktrlc @dtd Iclw Ordpm/@adorde (H@IO) El`nc Prdkscdtns tmn `dtd prlhnssako rnquarnenkts aktl d `dtd iclw ordpm El`nc dppcahdtalks akvlcvako hlk`atalkdc prlorde nxnhutalk Hlktdaks bltm `dtd lpnrdtalks dk` hlktrlc lpnrdtalks ^sns @dtd Iclw Ordpm (@IO) ds ncnenkt dk` hlk`atalkdc (hlkstruhts) ds `nhasalk
edgnrs. H@IO hlktdaks bltm `dtd iclw kl`ns dk` `nhasalk kl`ns, wmnrnds @IO hlktdaks lkcy
`dtd iclw kl`ns D vasudc el`nc ak wmahm tmn lpnrdtalk lk tmn `dtd (prlhnss) as rnprnsnktn` usako d
bclhg (harhcn) dk` `dtd iclw as rnprnsnktn` usako drrlws. Dk akwdr` drrlw tl tmn prlhnss (harhcn) rnprnsnkts akput `dtd dk` dk lutwdr` drrlw irle tmn prlhnss (harhcn) rnprnsnkts lutput `dtd ak @IO kltdtalk. Pmn hlktrlc kl`n as rnprnsnktn` by d ”@adelk`‑ bclhg wmahm as tmn `nhasalk edgako
ncnenkt ak d klredc iclw hmdrt bdsn` `nsaok Prdkscdtns tmn rnquarnenkt, wmahm as el`ncn` tl d hlkhurrnkt prlhnss el`nc Pmn `nhasalk lk wmahm prlhnss as tl bn nxnhutn` as `ntnreakn` by tmn hlktrlc kl`n Hdpturako li aedon dk` stlrako at ak tmn ilredt sncnhtn` (bep, jpo, taii, nth.) ak d
`aoatdc hdenrd as d typahdc nxdepcn li dk dppcahdtalk tmdt hdk bn el`ncn` watm H@IO
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 1 li 24
Hlktrlc Kl`n
icdo 5 4< d
b P
I
+
-
@dtd Iclw Kl`n
@dtd Iclw Kl`n
Iaourn 0.8: H@IO El`nc7 x 5 d + b7 dk` y 5 x - h7 Xtdtn Edhmakn El`nc Bdsn` lk ”Xtdtns‑ dk` ”Xtdtn Prdksatalk‑ @nshrabns tmn systne bnmdvalr watm ”Xtdtns‑, ”Nvnkts‑, ”Dhtalks‑ dk` ”Prdksatalks‑
Xtdtn as d rnprnsnktdtalk li d hurrnkt satudtalk. Xtdtn as Dk nvnkt as as dk akput tl tmn stdtn tmn stdtn.. Pmn nvnkt dhts dhts ds staeuca ilr stdtn trdksatalk.
Prdksatalk as tmn elvnenkt irle lkn stdtn tl dkltmnr. Prdksatalk as Dhtalk as dk dhtavaty tl bn pnrilren` by tmn stdtn std tn edhmakn. Dhtalk as D Iakatn Xtdtn Edhmakn (IXE) El`nc as lkn ak wmahm tmn kuebnr li stdtns drn iakatn.
Ak ltmnr wlr`s tmn systne as `nshrabn` usako d ia katn kuebnr li plssabcn stdtns Elst li tmn taen Xtdtn Edhmakn el`nc trdkscdtns tmn rnquarnenkts aktl snqunkhn
`ravnk prlorde. Nxdepcn: Dutledtah Xndt bnct wdrkako systne usako Iakatn Xtdtn Edhmakn El`nc
_mnk tmn vnmahcn aokatalk as turkn` lk dk` tmn sndt bnct as klt idstnkn` watmak 46 snhlk`s li aokatalk LK, tmn systne onknrdtns dk dcdre saokdc ilr > snhlk`s. Pmn Dcdre as turkn` lii wmnk tmn dcdre taen (> snhlk`s) nxparns lr ai tmn `ravnr/pdssnkonr idstnks tmn bnct lr ai tmn aokatalk swathm as turkn` lii, wmahmnvnr mdppnks iarst. Aokatalk Gny LK Dcdre Lii
Aokatalk Gny LII
_datako
Xndt Bnct LK D c d r e a r n P X p A a n o k d x e t n N a r N t a n l k B n c p a t L x a e G P r n n K y L I Dcdre I Lk
Iaourn 0.0: Xtdtn Prdksatalk @adorde ilr Dutledtah Xndt bnct wdrkako systne
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 46 li 24
Kltn: Rninr Pnxt Bllg ilr Elrn nxdepcns lk Iakatn Xtdtn Edhmakn el`nc tmdt edy bn dsgn` ak tmn Nxdeakdtalk. Xnqunktadc Vrlorde El`nc Pmn iukhtalks lr prlhnssako rnquarnenkts drn nxnhutn` ak snqunkhn . Pmn prlorde akstruhtalks drn atnrdtn` dk` nxnhutn` hlk`atalkdccy dk` tmn `dtd onts
trdksilren` tmrluom d snrans li lpnrdtalks. IXEs drn oll` hmlahn ilr snqunktadc Vrlorde el`ncako. Iclw Hmdrts as dkltmnr aeplrtdkt tllc usn` ilr el`ncako snqunktadc prlorde. Pmn IXE dpprldhm rnprnsnkts tmn stdtns, nvnkts, trdksatalks dk` dhtalks, wmnrnds tmn
Iclw Hmdrt el`ncs tmn nxnhutalk iclw. Nxdepcn: Dutledtah Xndt bnct wdrkako systne usako Xnqunktadc Vrlordeeako Vrlordeeako El`nc
_mnk tmn vnmahcn aokatalk as turkn` lk dk` tmn sndt bnct as klt idstnkn` watmak 46 snhlk`s li aokatalk LK, tmn systne onknrdtns dk dcdre saokdc ilr > snhlk`s. Pmn Dcdre as turkn` lii wmnk tmn dcdre taen (> snhlk`s) nxparns lr ai tmn `ravnr/pdssnkonr idstnks tmn bnct lr ai tmn aokatalk swathm as turkn` lii, wmahmnvnr mdppnks iarst. Aokatalk Gny LK
_dat ilr 46 Xnhlk`s
Aokatalkt LK< Q
Xndt Bnct LK< K
Xnt Paenr ilr > Xnhlk`s Xtdrt Dcdre
Aokatalk LK KL
Q
QNX
KL
Xndt Bnct LK< K
Iaourn 0.>: Xnqunktadc Iclw Paenr Nxparn`<
@adorde ilr Dutledtah Xndt bnct wdrkako systne
QNX
Q
Xtlp Dcdre
Nk`
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 44 li 24
#`niakn LK 4 #`niakn LII 6 #`niakn QNX 4 #`niakn KL 6 vla` sndt\bnct\wdrk() { wdat\46snh()7 ai (hmnhg\aokatalk\gny()55LK) { ai (hmnhg\sndt\bnct()55LII) { snt\taenr(>)7 stdrt\dcdre()7 wmacn ((hmnhg\sndt\bnct()55LII )&&(hmnhg\aokatalk\gny()55LII )&& (taenr\nxparn()55KL))7 stlp\dcdre()7 } } }
Hlkhurrnkt/Hleeukahdtako Vrlhnss El`nc El`ncs hlkhurrnktcy nxnhutako tdsgs/prlhnssns Pmn prlorde akstruhtalks drn at nrdtn`
dk` nxnhutn` hlk`atalkdccy dk` tmn `dtd onts trdksilren` tmrluom d snrans li lpnrdtalks Hnrtdak prlhnssako rnquarnenkts drn ndsanr ndsan r tl el`nc ak hlkhurrnkt prlhnssako el`nc
tmdk tmn hlkvnktalkdc snqunktadc nxnhutalk. Xnqunktadc nxnhutalk cnd`s tl d sakocn snqunktadc nxnhutalk li tdsg dk` tmnrnby cnd`s
tl pllr prlhnsslr utacazdtalk, wmnk tmn tdsg akvlcvns A/L wdatako, scnnpako ilr spnhaian` `urdtalk nth. Ai tmn tdsg as spcat aktl euctapcn subtdsgs, at as plssabcn tl tdhgcn tmn HV^ usdon
niinhtavncy, wmnk tmn subtdsg uk`nr nxnhutalk olns tl d wdat lr scnnp el`n, by swathmako tmn tdsg nxnhutalk. Hlkhurrnkt prlhnssako el`nc rnquarns d``atalkdc lvnrmnd`s ak tdsg shmn`ucako, tdsg
sykhmrlkazdtalk dk` hleeukahdtalk.
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 42 li 24
Pmn prlhnssako rnquarnenkts drn spcat ak tl euctapcn t dsgs Pdsgs drn nxnhutn` hlkhurrnktcy
nxnhut alk li tdsgs ”Nvnkts‑ drn usn` ilr sykhmrlkazako tmn nxnhutalk
Hrndtn dk` akatadcazn nvnkts
wdat\taenr\nxparn, aokatalk\lk, aokatalk\lii, sndt\bnct\lk, sndt\bnct\lii, sndt\bnct\lk, sndt\bnct\lii, dcdre\taenr\stdrt, dcdre\taenr\nxparn Hrndtn tdsg _dat Paenr Elkatlr Hrndtn tdsg Aokatalk Gny Xtdtus Elkatlr Hrndtn tdsg Xndt Bnct Xtdtus Elkatlr Hrndtn tdsg Dcdre Hlktrlc Hrndtn tdsg Dcdre Paenr
(d)
_dat Pae Pa enr P dsg
Dcdre Hlkt Hlktrlc Pdsg Pdsg
Xcnnp(46s)7
_dat ilr tmn saokdcako li
//Xaokdc wdat\taenr\nxparn
wdat\taenr\nxparn ai ( aokatalk\lk aokatalk\lk && sndt\bnct\lii)
Xnt Nvnkt wdat\taenr\nxparn7
{ Xtdrt Dcdre()7
aokatalk\lk7 Rnsnt Nvnkt aokatalk\lii7 aokatalk\lii7
_dat ilr tmn Nvnkt dcdre\stdrt7 Xcnnp(>s)7 //Xaokdc dcdre \taenr\nxparn Xnt Nvnkt dcdre\taenr\nxparn7
Xnt Nvnkt dcdre\stdrt7 _dat ilr tmn saokdcako li
A okatalk oka talk G ny Xtdtus Xtdtus E lkatl ka tlr r Pdsg wmacn(4) { ai (Aokatalk gny LK) {
Dcdre Pae Pa enr Pdsg Pdsg
dcdre\taenr\nxparn lr aokatalk\lii lr sndt\bnct\lk7 Xtlp Dcdre()7 }
Xnt Nvnkt
A okatalk ka talk Xndt Xndt bnct bnct Xtdtus Xtdtus E lkatlr Pdsg
} ncsn {
aokatalk\lii7 Rnsnt Nvnkt aokatalk\lk7
wmacn(4) { ai (Xndt Bnct LK) {
} }
Rnsnt Nvnkt sndt\bnct\lii7
Xnt Nvnkt
Xnt Nvnkt sndt\bnct\lk7 } ncsn { Xnt Nvnkt sndt\bnct\lii7
Rnsnt Nvnkt sndt\bnct\lk7 } }
Iaourn 0.9: Hlkhurrnkt/Hleeukahdtako Vrlhnss(b) El`nc ilr Dutledtah Xndt bnct wdrkako systne
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 48 li 24
0.> Nebn``n` Iarewdrn @nsaok & @nvnclpenkt
Pmn nebn``n` iarewdrn as rnsplksabcn ilr hlktrlccako tmn vdralus pnrapmnrdcs li tmn nebn``n` mdr`wdrn dk` onknrdtako rnsplksn ak dhhlr`dkhn watm tmn iukhtalkdc rnquarnenkts li tmn prl`uht.
Pmn nebn``n` iarewdrn as usudccy stlrn` ak d pnredknkt enelry (RLE) dk` at as klk-dctnrdbcn by nk` usnrs.
@nsaokako nebn``n` iarewdrn rnquarns uk`nrstdk`ako li tmn pdrtahucdr nebn``n` prl`uht mdr`wdrn, cagn vdralus hleplknkt aktnridhako, aktnrid hako, enelry enelr y edp `ntdacs, A/L plrt `ntdacs, hlkiaourdtalk dk` rnoastnr `ntdacs li vdralus mdr`wdrn hmaps usn` dk` slen prlordeeako cdkoudon (natmnr clw cnvnc Dssnebcy Cdkoudon lr Maom cnvnc cdkoudon cagn H/H++ lr d hlebakdtalk li tmn twl).
Pmn nebn``n` iarewdrn `nvnclpenkt prlhnss stdrts watm tmn hlkvnrsalk li tmn iarewdrn rnquarnenkts aktl d prlorde el`nc usako vdralus el`nccako tllcs.
Pmnrn nxast twl bdsah dpprldhmns ilr tmn `nsaok dk` aepcnenktdtalk li nebn``n` iarewdrn, kdency l
Pmn Xupnr cllp bdsn` dpprldhm
l
Pmn Nebn``n` Lpnrdtako Xystne bdsn` dpprldhm
0.>.4 Nebn``n` iarewdrn @nsaok Dpprldhmns ‘ Pmn Pmn Xupnr cllp
Xuatdbcn ilr dppcahdtalks tmdt drn klt taen hratahdc dk` wmnrn tmn rnsplksn taen as klt sl aeplrtdkt (Nebn``n` systnes wmnrn eassako `nd`cakns drn dhhnptdbcn)
Ynry saeacdr tl d hlkvnktalkdc prlhn`urdc prlordeeako wmnrn tmn hl`n as nxnhutn` tdsg by tdsg
Pmn tdsgs drn nxnhutn` ak d knvnr nk`ako cllp. Pmn tdsg castn` lk tlp lk tmn prlorde hl`n as nxnhutn` iarst dk` tmn tdsgs just bnclw tmn tlp drn nxnhutn` ditnr hlepcntako tmn iarst tdsg
D typahdc supnr cllp aepcnenktdtalk wacc cllg cagn: 4. Hlkiaourn tmn hleelk pdrdentnrs dk` pnrilre akatadcazdtalk ilr vdralus mdr`wdrn hleplknkts enelry, rnoastnrs nth. 2. Xtdrt tmn iarst tdsg dk` nxnhutn at 8. Nxnhutn tmn snhlk` tdsg 0. Nxnhutn tmn knxt tdsg >. ……………. 9. …………….
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 40 li 24
?. Nxnhutn tmn cdst `niakn` tdsg =. Juep bdhg tl tmn iarst tdsg dk` ilcclw tmn sden iclw vla` edak () { Hlkiaourdtalks ()7 Akatadcazdtalks ()7 wmacn (4) { Pdsg 4 ()7 Pdsg 2 ()7 //: //: Pdsg k ()7 } } D`vdktdons: @lnsk‑t rnquarn dk Lpnrdtako Xystne ilr tdsg shmn`ucako dk` elkatlrako dk` irnn
irle LX rncdtn` lvnrmnd`s Xaepcn dk` strdaomt ilrwdr` `nsaok Rn`uhn` enelry illtprakt
@rdwbdhgs: Klk Rndc taen ak nxnhutalk bnmdvalr (Ds tmn kuebnr li tdsgs akhrndsns tmn irnqunkhy
dt wmahm d tdsg onts HV^ taen ilr nxnhutalk dcsl akhrndsns) Dky assuns ak dky tdsg nxnhutalk edy diinht tmn iukhtalkako li tmn prl`uht (Pmas hdk
bn niinhtavncy tdhgcn` by usako _dthm @lo Paenrs ilr tdsg nxnhutalk elkatlrako elkatlrako 0.>.2 Nebn``n` iarewdrn @nsaok Dpprldhmns ‘ Nebn``n` Nebn``n` LX bdsn` Dpprldhm Pmn nebn``n` `nvahn hlktdaks dk Nebn``n` Lpnrdtako Xystne wmahm hdk bn lkn li:
D Rndc Paen Lpnrdtako Xystne (RPLX)
D Hustleazn` Onknrdc Vurplsn Lpnrdtako Xystne (OVLX)
Pmn Nebn``n` LX as rnsplksabcn ilr shmn`ucako tmn nxnhutalk li usnr tdsgs dk` tmn
dcclhdtalk li systne rnslurhns delko euctapcn tdsgs Akvlcvns clt li LX rncdtn` lvnrmnd`s dpdrt irle edkdoako dk` nxnhutako usnr `niakn`
tdsgs
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 4> li 24
Eahrlslit® _ak`lws ]V Nebn``n` as dk nxdepcn li OVLX ilr nebn``n` `nvahns Vlakt li Xdcn (VlX) tnreakdcs, Odeako Xtdtalks, Pdbcnt VHs nth drn nxdepcns li
nebn``n` `nvahns rukkako lk nebn``n` OVLXs ”_ak`lws HN ‑, ‑, ”_ak`lws Elbacn‑,” Elbacn‑,”TK] TK] ‑, ‑, ”Yx_lrgs‑, Yx_lrgs‑, ”Pmrnd`] ‑, ‑, ” EahrlH/LX-AA EahrlH/LX-AA ‑, ‑,
” Nebn``n` Nebn``n` Cakux‑, Cakux‑, ”Xyebadk‑ Xyebadk‑ nth drn nxdepcns li RPLXs nepclyn` ak Nebn``n` Vrl`uht `nvnclpenkt Elbacn Vmlkns, V@Ds, Icaomt Hlktrlc Xystnes nth drn nxdepcns li nebn``n` `nvahns
tmdt ruks lk RPLXs 0.>.2.4 Nebn``n` iarewdrn @nvnclpenkt usako Dssnebcy Cdkoudon
D ssn nebcy ” Dss
C dkoudon koudon‑ as tmn muedk rnd`dbcn kltdtalk li ” edhmakn cdkoudon‑.
”edhmakn cdkoudon‑ as d prlhnsslr uk`nrstdk`dbcn cdkoudon Edhmakn cdkoudon as d bakdry rnprnsnktdtalk dk` at hlksasts li 4s dk` 6s Dssnebcy cdkoudon dk` edhmakn cdkoudons drn prlhnsslr/hlktrlccnr `npnk`nkt Dk Dssnebcy cdkoudon prlorde wrattnk ilr lkn prlhnsslr/hlktrlccnr ideacy wacc klt
wlrg watm ltmnrs Dssnebcy cdkoudon prlordeeako as tmn prlhnss li wratako prlhnsslr spnhaiah edhmakn
hl`n ak eknelkah ilre, hlkvnrtako tmn eknelkahs aktl dhtudc prlhnsslr akstruhtalks (edhmakn cdkoudon) dk` dsslhadtn` `dtd usako dk dssnebcnr Ndhm cakn li dk dssnebcy cdkoudon prlorde as spcat aktl ilur ianc`s ds:
CDBNC
LVHL@N
LVNRDK@ LVNRDK@
HLEENKPX
CDBNC as dk lptalkdc ianc`. D ”CDBNC‑ as dk a`nktaianr usn` nxtnksavncy ak prlordes CDBNC tl rn`uhn tmn rncadkhn lk prlordeenrs ilr rnenebnrako wmnrn `dtd lr hl`n as clhdtn`. CDBNC as hleelkcy usn` ilr rnprnsnktako
D enelry clhdtalk, d``rnss li d prlorde, sub-rlutakn, hl`n plrtalk nth.
Pmn edxaeue cnkotm li d cdbnc `aiinrs bntwnnk dssnebcnrs. Dssnebcnrs aksast straht ilredts ilr cdbncako. Cdbncs drn dcwdys suiiaxn` by d hlclk dk` bnoak watm d vdca` hmdrdhtnr. Cdbncs hdk hlktdak kuebnr irle 6 tl 1 dk` spnhadc hmdrdhtnr \ (uk`nrshlrn).
@NCDQ:
ELY R6, #2>>
7 Cld` Rnoastnr R6 watm 2>>
@JKZ R4, @NCDQ
7 @nhrnenkt R4 dk` cllp tacc R45 6
RNP
7 Rnturk tl hdccako prlorde
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 49 li 24
Dssnebcy Xlurhn Iacn tl Mnx Iacn Prdkscdtalk
Pmn Dssnebcy cdkoudon prlorde wrattnk ak dssnebcy hl`n as sdvn` ds .dse (Dssnebcy iacn) iacn lr d .srh (slurhn) iacn lr d ilredt supplrtn` by tmn dssnebcnr
Xaeacdr tl ”H‑ dk` dk` ltmnr maom maom cnvnc cdkoudon cdkoudon prlordeeako, at as plssabcn tl mdvn euctapcn slurhn iacns hdccn` el`ucns ak dssnebcy cdkoudon prlordeeako. Ndhm el`ucn as rnprnsnktn` by d ”.dse‑ lr ”.srh‑ iacn lr tmn dssnebcnr supplrtn` iacn ilredt saeacdr tl tmn ”.h‑ iacns ak H prlordeeako
Pmn slitwdrn utacaty hdccn` ”Dssnebcnr‑ pnrilres tmn trdkscdtalk li dssnebcy hl`n tl edhmakn hl`n
Pmn dssnebcnrs ilr `aiinrnkt ideacy li tdront edhmakns drn `aiinrnkt. D>4 Edhrl Dssnebcnr irle Gnac slitwdrn as d plpucdr dssnebcnr ilr tmn =6>4 ideacy eahrl hlktrlccnr
Ndhm slurhn iacn hdk bn dssnebcn` snpdrdtncy tl nxdeakn tmn syktdx nrrlrs dk` akhlrrnht dssnebcy akstruhtalks
Dssnebcako li ndhm slurhn iacn onknrdtns d hlrrnsplk`ako lbjnht iacn. Pmn lbjnht iacn `lns klt hlktdak tmn dbslcutn d``rnss li wmnrn tmn onknrdtn` hl`n knn`s tl bn pcdhn` (d rn-clhdtdbcn hl`n) lk tmn prlorde enelry
Pmn slitwdrn prlorde hdccn` cakgnr/clhdtnr as rnsplksabcn ilr dssaokako dbslcutn d``rnss tl lbjnht iacns `urako tmn cakgako prlhnss
Pmn Dbslcutn lbjnht iacn hrndtn` irle tmn lbjnht iacns hlrrnsplk`ako tl `aiinrnkt slurhn hl`n el`ucns hlktdak akilredtalk dblut tmn d``rnss wmnrn ndhm akstruhtalk knn`s tl bn pcdhn` ak hl`n enelry
D slitwdrn utacaty hdccn` ”Lbjnht tl Mnx iacn hlkvnrtnr‑ trdkscdtns tmn dbslcutn lbjnht iacn tl hlrrnsplk`ako mnx iacn (bakdry iacn)
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 4? li 24
Iaourn 0.?: Dssnebcy cdkoudon tl edhmakn cdkoudon Hlkvnrsalk prlhnss D`vdktdons: Niiahankt Hl`n Enelry & @dtd Enelry ^sdon (Enelry Lptaeazdtalk) Maom Vnrilredkhn Clw cnvnc Mdr`wdrn Dhhnss Hl`n Rnvnrsn Nkoaknnrako
@rdwbdhgs: Maom @nvnclpenkt taen @nvnclpnr `npnk`nkhy Klk plrtdbcn
0.>.2.2 Nebn``n` iarewdrn @nvnclpenkt usako Maom-cnvnc Cdkoudon
Pmn nebn``n` iarewdrn as wrattnk ak dky maom cnvnc cdkoudon cagn H, H++
D slitwdrn utacaty hdccn` ”hrlss”hrlss-hlepacnr‑ hlkvnrts tmn maom cnvnc cdkoudon tl tdront prlhnsslr spnhaiah edhmakn hl`n
Pmn hrlss-hlepacdtalk li ndhm el`ucn onknrdtns d hlrrnsplk`ako lbjnht iacn. Pmn lbjnht iacn `lns klt hlktdak tmn dbslcutn d``rnss li wmnrn tmn onknrdtn` hl`n knn`s tl bn pcdhn` (d rn-clhdtdbcn hl`n) lk tmn prlorde enelry
Pmn slitwdrn prlorde hdccn` cakgnr/clhdtnr as rnsplksabcn ilr dssaokako dbslcutn d``rnss tl lbjnht iacns `urako tmn cakgako prlhnss
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 4= li 24
Pmn Dbslcutn lbjnht iacn hrndtn` irle tmn lbjnht iacns hlrrnsplk`ako tl `aiinrnkt slurhn hl`n el`ucns hlktdak akilredtalk dblut tmn d``rnss wmnrn ndhm akstruhtalk knn`s tl bn pcdhn` ak hl`n enelry
D slitwdrn slitwdrn utacaty hdccn` ”Lbjnht tl Mnx iacn hlkvnrtnr‑ trdkscdtns tmn dbslcutn lbjnht iacn tl hlrrnsplk`ako mnx iacn (bakdry iacn) Cabrdry Iacns
Xlurhn Iacn 4 (.h /.h++ nth) (El`ucn-4)
El`ucn Hrlss-hlepacnr
Lbjnht Iacn 4
Xlurhn Iacn 2 (.h /.h++ nth) (El`ucn-2)
El`ucn Hrlss-hlepacnr
Lbjnht Iacn 2
Lbjnht tl Mnx Iacn Hlkvnrtnr
Dbslcutn Lbjnht Iacn
Cakgnr/ Clhdtlr
Edhmakn Hl`n (Mnx Iacn)
Iaourn 0.=: Maom cnvnc cdkoudon tl edhmakn cdkoudon Hlkvnrsalk prlhnss D`vdktdons: Rn`uhn` @nvnclpenkt taen @nvnclpnr ak`npnk`nkhy Vlrtdbacaty
0.>.2.8 Nebn``n` iarewdrn @nvnclpenkt- Eaxako li Dssnebcy Cdkoudon watm Maom Cnvnc Cdkoudon Hnrtdak satudtalks ak nebn``n` iarewdrn `nvnclpenkt edy rnquarn tmn eaxako li
Dssnebcy Cdkoudon watm maom cnvnc cdkoudon lr vahn vnrsd. Aktnrrupt mdk`cako, slurhn hl`n as dcrnd`y dvdacdbcn ak maom cnvnc cdkoudonSDssnebcy Cdkoudon nth drn nxdepcns. Maom Cnvnc cdkoudon dk` clw cnvnc cdkoudon hdk bn eaxn` ak tmrnn `aiinrnkt wdys
Eaxako Dssnebcy Cdkoudon watm Maom cnvnc cdkoudon ca gn ”H‑
Eaxako Maom cnvnc cdkoudon cagn ”H‑ watm Dssnebcy Cdkoudon
Ak cakn Dssnebcy
Pmn pdssako li pdrdentnrs dk` rnturk vdcuns bntwnnk tmn maom cnvnc dk` clw cnvnc
cdkoudon as hrlss-hlepacnr spnhaiah.
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 41 li 24
0.>.2.0 ”H‑ Y/s Nebn``n` H
”H ‑ as d wncc-struhturn`, wncc `niakn` dk` stdk`dr`azn` onknrdc purplsn prlordeeako
cdkoudon watm nxtnksavn bat edkapucdtalk ed kapucdtalk supplrt. ”H ‑ liinrs d hlebakdtalk li tmn indturns li maom cnvnc cdkoudon dk` dssnebcy dk`
mncps ak mdr`wdrn dhhnss prlordeeako (systne cnvnc prlordeeako) ds wncc ds busaknss pdhgdon `nvnclpenkts (Dppcahdtalk `nvnclpenkts cagn pdy rlcc systnes, bdkgako dppcahdtalks nth). ”H ‑ cdkoudon ilcclws DKXA stdk`dr` dk` at akhlrplrdtns vdralus Pmn hlkvnktalkdc ”H cabrdry iacns ilr `aiinrnkt lpnrdtako systnes. D pcdtilre (Lpnrdtako Xystne) spnhaiah dppcahdtalk, gklwk ds, hlepacnr as usn` ilr
tmn hlkvnrsalk li prlordes wrattnk ak ”H ” H ‑ tl tmn tdront prlhnsslr (lk wmahm tmn LX as rukkako) spnhaiah bakdry iacns. Nebn``n` H hdk bn hdk bn hlksa`nrn` ds d subsnt li hlkvnktalkdc ”H‑ cdkoudon Nebn``n` H supplrts dcc ”H‑ akstruhtalks dk` akhlrplrdtns d inw tdront prlhnsslr
spnhaiah iukhtalks/akstruhtalks. Pmn stdk`dr` DKXA ”H‑ cabrdry aepcnenktdtalk as dcwdys tdaclrn` tl tmn tdront
prlhnsslr/hlktrlccnr cabrdry iacns ak Nebn``n` H. Pmn aepcnenktdtalk li tdront prlhnsslr/hlktrlccnr spnhaiah iukhtalks/akstruhtalks
`npnk`s uplk tmn prlhnsslr/hlktrlccnr ds wncc ds tmn supplrtn` hrlss-hlepacnr ilr tmn pdrtahucdr Nebn``n` H cdkoudon. D slitwdrn prlorde hdccn` ”Hrlss”Hrlss-hlepacnr‑ as usn` ilr tmn hlkvnrsalk li prlordes
wrattnk ak Nebn``n` H tl tdront prlhnsslr/hlktrlccnr spnhaiah akstruhtalks. 0.>.2.> Hlepacnr Y/s Hrlss-Hlepacnr Hlepacnr as d slitwdrn tllc tmdt hlkvnrts d slurhn hl`n wrattnk ak d maom cnvnc
cdkoudon lk tlp li d pdrtahucdr lpnrdtako systne rukkako lk d spnhaiah tdront prlhnsslr drhmatnhturn (N.o. Aktnc x=9/Vnktaue). Pmn lpnrdtako systne, tmn hlepacnr prlorde dk` tmn dppcahdtalk edgako usn li tmn
slurhn hl`n ruk lk tmn sden tdront prlhnsslr. Pmn slurhn hl`n as hlkvnrtn` tl tmn tdront prlhnsslr spnhaiah edhmakn akstruhtalks D kdtavn hlepacnr onknrdtns edhmakn hl`n ilr tmn sden edhmakn (prlhnsslr) lk wmahm
at as rukkako. Hrlss hlepacnr as tmn slitwdrn tllcs usn` ak hrlss-pcdtilre `nvnclpenkt dppcahdtalks
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 26 li 24
Ak
hrlss-pcdtilre `nvnclpenkt, tmn hlepacnr rukkako lk d pdrtahucdr tdront
prlhnsslr/LX hlkvnrts tmn slurhn hl`n tl edhmakn hl`n ilr d tdront prlhnsslr wmlsn drhmatnhturn dk` akstruhtalk snt as `aiinrnkt irle tmn prlhnsslr lk wmahm tmn hlepacnr as rukkako lr ilr dk lpnrdtako systne wmahm as `aiinrnkt irle tmn hurrnkt `nvnclpenkt nkvarlkenkt LX. Nebn``n` systne `nvnclpenkt as d typahdc nxdepcn ilr hrlss-pcdtilre `nvnclpenkt
wmnrn nebn``n` iarewdrn as `nvnclpn` lk d edhmakn watm Aktnc/DE@ lr dky ltmnr tdront prlhnsslrs dk` tmn sden as hlkvnrtn` aktl edhmakn hl`n ilr dky ltmnr tdront prlhnsslr drhmatnhturn (N.o. =6>4, VAH, DRE1 nth). Gnac H>4hlepacnr H>4hlepacnr irle Gnac slitwdrn
as dk nxdepcn ilr hrlss-hlepacnr ilr =6>4
ideacy drhmatnhturn.
Oururdj N, Dsst. Vrli., @npt li N&HN, OEA
Vdon 24 li 24
