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Page 1 of 39 Smart GIS Course Developed By Mohamed Elsayed Elshayal Salsabeel Mohamed Elshayal & Yaseen Mohamed Elshayal Elshayal Smart GIS Map Editor and Surface Analysis First Arabian GIS Software http://www.freesmartgis.blogspot.com/ http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ElshayalSmartGIS/ https://www.facebook.com/groups/SmartGIS/ http://www.youtube.com/user/ShayalSmartgis
[email protected] [email protected] Cairo – Egypt 2002 - 2012 Copyright 2002 – 2012 Free for None Commercial Use This Software is Independent of any Commercial Software Package, or Code Library This Software is built by Individuals and Not Supported by any Organization Page 2 of 39 GIS Course Syllabus 1) INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 4 A) Q. W HAT IS A G EOGRAPHIC I NFORMATION S YSTEM ? ........................................................................ 4 B) T HE D IFFERENCE BETWEEN R ASTER AND V ECTOR M APS ..................................................................... 4 C) T HE R ELATION BETWEEN V ECTOR S PATIAL L OCATION AND A TTRIBUTE D ATA B ASE ......................................... 5 D) GIS S HAPE F ILE TYPES 2D & 3D (P OINT – P OLYLINE – P OLYGON ) .......................................................... 5 2) COORDINATES SYSTEMS .................................................................................................... 6 A) L ON AND L AT G EOGRAPHIC C OORDINATE S YSTEM ........................................................................... 6 B) U NIVERSAL T RANSVERSE M ERCATOR C OORDINATE S YSTEM UTM .......................................................... 6 C) C ONVERTING C OORDINATES B ETWEEN L ON L AT AND UTM ................................................................. 6 D) M AP P ROJECTION ............................................................................................................. 7 3) SPATIAL DIGITIZING AND EDITING ........................................................................................ 9 A) B UILDING N EW S HAPE F ILE S PATIAL AND D ATA S TRUCTURE ................................................................. 9 B) D IGITIZING S PATIAL S HAPE F ILE ( F EATURE – P ART – V ERTEX ) ............................................................ 10 C) E DITING S HAPE F ILE ( F EATURE – P ART – V ERTEX ) ........................................................................ 11 D) M OVE S ETTINGS ............................................................................................................. 12 E) M AP V IEW ................................................................................................................... 12 F) C ONVERTING BETWEEN S HAPE F ILE TYPES 2D & 3D (P OINT – P OLYLINE – P OLYGON ) ................................... 13 G) L AYER P ROPERTIES .......................................................................................................... 14 4) ATTRIBUTE DATA TABLE ................................................................................................... 18 A) M ODIFYING D BF F ILE D ATA S TRUCTURE .................................................................................... 18 B) E DITING D ATA T ABLE ........................................................................................................ 19 C) R UNNING VB SCRIPT IN D ATA T ABLE F IELDS ................................................................................ 20 D) E DITING O NE F EATURE (R ECORD ) .......................................................................................... 20 5) GIS ANALYSIS AND SELECTION ........................................................................................... 21 A) S PATIAL L OCATION A NALYSIS AND S ELECTION .............................................................................. 21 B) A TTRIBUTE D ATA B ASE A NALYSIS AND S ELECTION .......................................................................... 22 C) N ESTED A TTRIBUTE D ATA B ASE A NALYSIS AND S ELECTION ................................................................ 23 D) S PATIAL F EATURES S NAPPING AND D IVIDING ............................................................................... 23 E) S HORTEST P ATH A NALYSIS ................................................................................................... 24 6) SATELLITES IMAGES ........................................................................................................ 25 A) G OOGLE E ARTH S ETTINGS ................................................................................................... 25 B) D OWNLOAD F ROM G OOGLE E ARTH ........................................................................................ 26 C) S AVE I MAGES ................................................................................................................ 27 Page 3 of 39 7) SURFACE ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 28 A) D OWNLOADING (ASTER AND SRTM) NASA G EO DEM H EIGHT F ILES ................................................. 28 B) C ONVERT (ASTER AND SRTM) NASA G EO DEM H EIGHT F ILES TO T IN S HAPE F ILE ..................................... 28 C) C ONVERT ASTER NASA G EO DEM TO C OLOR VALUE BMP F ILE .......................................................... 29 D) B UILDING C ONTOURS FROM ASTER NASA G EO DEM .................................................................... 29 E) B UILDING T IN S URFACE A NALYSIS ........................................................................................... 30 F) B UILDING C ONTOURS S URFACE ( S ) A NALYSIS ............................................................................... 31 G) C ONVERTING 2D TO 3D S URFACE A NALYSIS ............................................................................... 33 H) C ALCULATING A REA AND V OLUME OF S URFACE ( S ) ......................................................................... 34 8) GIS MISALLIANCE TOOLS .................................................................................................. 35 A) C ONVERTING A UTO CAD FILES TO GIS S HAPE F ILES ........................................................................ 35 B) C ONVERTING GIS S HAPE F ILES TO A UTO CAD FILES ........................................................................ 35 C) S YNCHRONIZE G OOGLE E ARTH WITH L ON L AT G EOGRAPHIC MAPS ........................................................ 36 9) PUBLISHING SHAPE FILES ONLINE BY SMART GIS SERVER ......................................................... 37 A) I NSTALLING S MART GIS S ERVER ON M ICROSOFT IIS INTERNET S ERVER .................................................... 37 B) R UNNING S MART GIS S ERVER IN WEB BROWSER BY WRITING THIS URL ................................................... 37 C) S ETTING S MART GIS S ERVER URL P ARAMETERS ............................................................................ 38 D) S MART GIS S ERVER HTML RESERVED PARAMETERS AND THEIR RETURNING VALUES ...................................... 38 E) S MART GIS S ERVER J AVA S CRIPT FUNCTIONS ............................................................................... 38 10) TRAINING ( BUILDING A GIS PROJECT ) ............................................................................... 39 A) D ETERMINE A S PECIFIC S MALL W ORKING A REA OR C ITY ................................................................... 39 B) D OWNLOADING S ATELLITE I MAGES OF THE W ORKING A REA ............................................................... 39 C) B UILDING R OADS AND B UILDING SHAPE F ILES L AYERS ...................................................................... 39 D) D IGITIZING THE W ORKING A REA R OADS AND B UILDING LAYERS ........................................................... 39 E) E NTERING THE A VAILABLE A TTRIBUTE D ATA OF THE D IGITIZED L AYERS .................................................... 39 F) S PATIAL AND A TTRIBUTE D ATA A NALYSIS OF THE D IGITIZED L AYERS ....................................................... 39 G) D OWNLOADING ASTER DEM NASA H EIGHT F ILE OF THE W ORKING A REA .............................................. 39 H) S URFACE A NALYSIS OF THE W ORKING A REA ................................................................................ 39 I) C ONVERTING D IGITIZED GIS L AYERS TO A UTO CAD. ......................................................................... 39 J) S AVE I MAGES OF THE P RODUCED M AP (P ROJECT G ALLERY ) ................................................................ 39 Page 4 of 39 1) Introduction A) Q. What is a Geographic Information System? A. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer program for storing, retrieving, analyzing, and displaying cartographic data. Vector Spatial Location Data = X, Y, Z Attribute Data Base = Data Information B) The Difference between Raster and Vector Maps Maps in Geographic Information Systems are represented thematically. A standard topographic map will show roads, rivers, contour elevations, vegetation, human settlement patterns and other features on a single map sheet. In a GIS these features are categorized separately and stored in different map themes or overlays. For example, roads will be stored in a separate overlay. Likewise, rivers and streams will each be stored as a separate theme. This way of organizing data in the GIS makes maps much more flexible to use since these themes can be combined in any manner that is useful. The following illustration shows conceptually how maps are stored as themes in a GIS. Each different theme is stored on a separate overlay. The overlays on the left represent a vector based GIS, where the information is stored as a series of points, lines and polygons. The overlays on the right represent a raster based GIS, where the information is stored as a series of discrete units called cells. Page 5 of 39 C) The Relation between Vector Spatial Location and Attribute Data Base Each Spatial Layer is consist of many Spatial features Each Spatial Feature consist of many vertexes (x, y, z) Each Spatial Layer is related to one Attribute Data Base Table Each Spatial Feature is related to one Attribute Data Base Record Each Record consist of many fields (up to 255) D) GIS Shape File types 2D & 3D (Point – Polyline – Polygon) Shape file contain spatial Location data of each feature Which are:- o Type 2D & 3D (Point – Polyline – Polygon) o Number of Parts o Number of Vertexes o X,Y, and Z of each vertex Dbf file contain Attribute Data o Each Attribute Data table consist of many records o Each record consist of many fields (up to 255) Shx file is a relation file between the Shp file and Dbf fie Point Layer consist of one vertex per Feature(x, y, z) Polyline Layer consist of many vertexes per Feature Polygon Layer consist of many vertexes per Feature and closed
