Transcript
Time of useful consciousness without axygen (varies from source to soure): 40,000 40, 000:: 15-2 15-20 0 secs secs.. 35, 35,000 000:: 30-6 30-60 0 secs secs 30, 30,000 000:: 1-3 min mins s 25, 25,000 000:: 3-5 3-5 min mins s
EMERGENCY DESCENT 2008
AIRBUS A330
www.a330jam.com
EXAMPLE: FIRST OFFICER AS PILOT FLYING CABIN ALTITUDE AT, AT, ABOVE OR APPROACHING 10,000’ PILOT PILO T FLY FLYING ING
Note: If Cabin is noted climbing towards 10,000’ and the outflow valves are not closing to manage cabin pressure (2 automatic controllers malfunctioning), manual control may be attempted by selecting MODE SEL > MAN on the Cabin Press Panel and then MAN V/S CTL > DN. This should manually close the outflow valve(s). With manual control of the outflow valves, they only move at 1/5 the rate compared compared to automatic control. ECAM would generally warn of a pressurisation control problem well in advance.
Note: Cabin alt > 10,000’ don Oxygen masks immediately (within 5 seconds)
PILOT PILO T NOT FLY FLYING ING
DON OXYGEN SELECT “INT” ON ACP
DON OXYGEN
CHECK COMMUNICA COMMUNICATIONS TIONS
SELECT “INT” ON ACP
Note: Extend speedbrake slowly “FIRST OFFICER ON MIC” whilst monitoring VLS. If speed goes below VLS, AOA protection engages speedbrake will automatically “EMERGENCY “EMERGENC Y DESCE DESCENT” NT” retract and AP may disconnect. ( e C g o n . s o i v d e e r r N D e e w c G o m u p n i r e e s a s - o i s n e N e R A V M S p r ) o c e d u e r
Note: If cabin altitude is climbing slowly and the outflow valves are already closed, consider descending before cabin altitude reaches 10,000’. Use “OP DES” and speed brake as required.
FCU (1ST LOOP) *ALT: TURN (DOWN) & PULL *HDG: TURN (LEFT or RIGHT - away from busy AWYS) (now) 90 degrees & PULL (see WWT for dev’n procs) *SPD: PULL (set speed for descent) CHECK (and call) FMA THR TH R ID IDLE LE | OP DE DES S | HD HDG G | AP THRUST: CHECK (or assist) IDLE (see “IDLE” above N1 guages) SPEED BRAKE: EXTEND (gently) OXY: consider N/100% setting to N setting - long descent & heavy crew
FCU (2ND LOOP) R e ALT: ALT : set 10,000’ or Minimum Safe Altitude m e (whichever higher) m HDG: parallel planned track at 15 nm (new dev’n procs) b e r SPD: adjust as required - use maximum speed W (up to Vmo/Mmo) unless structural damage is suspected suspected X if so limit speed and manoeouvre manoeouvre with care (limit bank angle) a r d Consider Consid er not using speedb speedbrake rake with sever severe e struc structural tural a r s damage as the added vibration may further degrade e t t airframe integrity. i n g s n i R.O.D approx’ 6,000 FPM WHEN ESTABLISHED IN DESCENT d depending on speed - amber e s c e “I HAVE CONTROL, CONTROL, MY RADIO RADIOS. S. n t
CHECK COMMUNICA COMMUNICATIONS TIONS “COPY. CAPTAIN ON THE MIC”
Note: Anti-ice ON increases engine idle and therefore shallows descent path notably. Note: If anti-ice is required/used - OEB should still apply
(Wing anti-ice on, pack flow high. Leave on until 10,000’ or MEA) c “ E F a A b X S T n i T I PAX OXY (if cabin above 14,000’) ................ MAN ON a ” E ANTI-ICE .............................. .......................................... ........................ ............ CONSIDER l t s i N i u t g n S EXTERNAL LIGHTS ............ ......................... ......................... ............ ON d s E e a A SEAT BELT & NO SMOKING SIGN .......... ... ON a u T B b t o o m E v ENGINE START SEL ........ IGN e a L T S 1 t c i TRANSPONDER .............. SQWARK 7700 4 , 3 a l s i MAYDAY MA YDAY CALL ................. ................. ISSUE 5 y l g n 0 O s ’ N a (consider oxy mask N/100% switch to N setting) d n f i
Confirm Min Safe Altitude (Flight plan, Airways chart or ND MORA (CSTR & scale > 20 nm))
“NO SMOKING” sign on automatically A330-300 only
BACK-UP PA PA - DO IF AUTOMA AUTOMATIC TIC PA NOT WORKING: “All passengers and crew fasten seatbelts and breathe oxygen from the masks provided until further notice”. The automa automatic tic PA (which cycle cycles s 3 times) is very loud and may be heard in the cockpit through the closed door.
CALL OUT ANY ERRORS ERRORS OR OMISS OMISSIONS IONS IN PF DUTIE DUTIES S
ECAM ACTI ACTIONS” ONS”
Note: If reducing speed speed to 250 kts in OP DES, be careful not to selec selectt the speed until at or approaching ALT* as the speed reduction becomes a higher priority than the descent. The R.O.D may reduce to a few hundr hundred ed feet per minute thereby delaying the capture at 10,000’ or MEA. Valuable time may be lost for passengers requiring oxygen or first aid from the cabin crew.
CARRY OUT ECAM ACTIONS TO “ECAM ACTIONS COMPLETE” PNF TAKES OVER RADIOS “2,000 TO GO”
STOW SPEEDBRAKE Consider 250 kts (selected speed)
LEVEL OUT OUT AT 10,000’ AMSL OR MEA
“1,000 TO GO”
Terrain MORA on the ND is the highest MORA within 40 nm of the aircraft (continuously updated). TERRAIN ON ND will also give an immediate terrain awareness in the descent.
Confirm Area QNH with ATC if proceeding below Transition Level @ 10,000 10,000’’ AMSL or MSA (whichever (whichever higher)
Check Cabin altitude - when below 10,000’ instruct PNF to remove oxygen mask
If leveling out at MEA above 10,000’ continue to evaluate terrain as flight progresses
When PNF oxygen removed temporarily hand over and remove own oxygen mask
Note: To reset communications from the oxy mask mic to the boom/hand boom/hand mic, the left hand door of the oxy mask housing housing must be closed and the reset button pressed.
“PA to CABIN CABIN CREW ”
Note: Descent from Fl410 to 10,000’ takes approximately 5 min and 40 nm
“CABIN CREW CARRY OUT FOLLOWFOLLOW-UP UP DUTIE DUTIES S ”
DIVERSION / ONWARDS FLIGHT CONSIDERATIONS (in CONSIDERATIONS (in brief) A - AIRPORTS in range (see FMGS > DAT DATA A > CLOSEST AIRPORTS) F- FUEL. Flight fuel and additional fuel required to proceed to alternate(s) - FMGS EFOB predictions O - OXYGEN endurance (pax and crew) if flight over high terrain (above 10,000’/14,000’) - is required T - TERRA TERRAIN IN in the flight path and at the landing airport W - WEATHER. Enroute and destination weather COMMUNICATIONS COMMUNICA TIONS TREE - TECH CREW DECISION F - FAMILIARITY with destination - ATC S - SERVICES - fire, ambulance, security - CABIN CREW T - TRAFFIC DENSITY. - PA PASSENGERS SSENGERS - COMPANY - SATCOM, HF, VHF or via ATC
DEPRESSURISATION INDICA DEPRESSURISATION INDICATIONS TIONS - Sense of pressure drop in the ears - Pain in sinuses/ears - Bloating of lungs or stomach/intestines - The need to breath rapidly - Fog in the cockpit - Air becoming cold and thin - Sudden boiling of liquids in hot bev’ containers - Air noise due decompression - Papers, books and loose items moving about - Airframe vibration (fuselage damage) - Cabin excessive altitude warning (aural and visual)
