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feb :29:19 Onderzoeksprojecten ( van 7401) Zoekfilter: Classificaties: EXACTE WETENSCHAPPEN (P) Development of X-ray software/diffractometer complex for quality analysis of end products and raw materials in cement and chemical industries. Abstract: Development of X-ray software/diffractometer complex for quality analysis of end products and raw materials in cement and chemical industries. Elektronenmicroscopie voor materiaalonderzoek (EMAT) Joke Hadermann Development of thin film potentiometric sensors for dissolution testing. Abstract: De bedoeling van het project is een general purpose sensor te maken, op basis van oppervlakte potentialen, die toelaat dissolutie tests van basische farmaceutische drugs uit te voeren. Chromatografische organische sporenanalyse Lucien Nagels Development of the in-gas-jet laser ionization spectroscopy technique to study the heaviest radioelements. Abstract: Exotic nuclei possess unforeseen properties that challenge the benchmarks of the current understanding of nuclear theory that has stood for 60 years. This is revolutionizing the knowledge of the many-body atomic nucleus through new observables and interactions. The nuclear structure of the heaviest elements is governed by the interplay between the attractive strong and repulsive electromagnetic interactions. Several models, mainly based on beyond-mean field approaches, are predicting physics observables like energies, transition probabilities, spins, parities, radii and moments. However, in many cases firm experimental data to validate them is lacking. For example, several spin/parity assignments of the groundstates of the heavy isotopes are #guesstimates# based on e.g. systematic trends. Therefore determining spins/parities, radii and moments of a selective set of these heavy nuclei is mandatory to further develop the understanding of the strong interaction at play in the atomic nucle Afdeling Kern- en Stralingsfysica Pieter Van Duppen Simon Sels Development of second generation vancomycin-based antibiotics. Abstract: Geen Nederlandstalig Abstract Afdeling Moleculair Design en Synthese Erik Van der Eycken Bart Landuyt Yves Briers Development of quantum chemistry approaches for first principles calculations of anisotropic exchange interactions in strongly anisotropic complexes Abstract: The subject of the thesis will be concentrated on the development of quantum chemistry approaches for accurate calculations of anisotropic exchange interactions in polynuclear compounds involving strongly anisotropic metal ions. Two lines of the research will be pursued. First, the broken-symmetry density functional theory (DFT) methodology for the calculation of isotropic exchange parameters will be extended over the calculation of anisotropic exchange parameters. Second, a wave-function based approach will be developed on the basis of explicitly correlated ab initio quantum chemistry methods. The goal is to devise and implement a calculational methodology of anisotropic exchange parameters which will be compared in accuracy with the currently existent methods for the calculations of isotropic exchange parameters. As a final point, exchange pseudospin Hamiltonians will be derived. The results of these methodological developments will be applied for the investigation of anisotropic ex Afdeling Kwantumchemie en Fysicochemie Liviu Cibotaru Liviu Ungur Veaceslav Vieru Development of positron emission tomography technologies for cancer diagnosis and new drugs development Abstract: De Crystal Clear Collaboratie werd opgestart in 1990 met het doel de detectie van gammastralen te bestuderen in het fundamenteel onderzoek van de subatomaire fysica. In 1995 werd Stefaan Tavernier woordvoerder van deze collaboratie en werd er meer de nadruk gelegd op gammadetectie voor biomedische doeleinden, ontwikkeling van medische instrumentatie en nieuwe technologie voor Positron Emission Tomography. Deze GOA is in nauwe samenwerking met de Crystal Clear Collaboratie en heeft verschillende accenten: * de ontwikkeling van een hoge resolutie PET scanner voor kleine proefdieren * de ontwikkeling van een soort PET machine voor mammografie (PEM) * nieuwe ontwikkelingen in de technologie gebruikt voor PET op het vlak van fotodetectoren, scintillatoren, elektronica, simulatiesoftware, beeldverwerking en reconstructie,... Elementaire Deeltjes Medische Beeldvorming en Fysische Wetenschappen JOHN MERTENS STEFAAN TAVERNIER AXEL BOSSUYT MICHEL DEFRISE FRANK DECONINCK Development of positron emission tomography technologies for cancer diagnosis and new drugs development Abstract: Ontwikkeling van positron emissie tomografie technologieën voor diagnose en ontwikkeling van nieuwe geneesmiddelen niet ter beschikking Natuurkunde Medische Beeldvorming en Fysische Wetenschappen JOHN MERTENS STEFAAN TAVERNIER PETER BRUYNDONCKX AXEL BOSSUYT MICHEL DEFRISE Development of photoelectrochemical cells Abstract: Geen Nederlandstalig Abstract Centr. vr Oppervlaktechemie & Katalyse Johan Martens Tom Bosserez Development of novel reactor design for waste plastics pyrolysis Abstract: Geen Nederlandstalig Abstract TC Chemische Procestechnologie De Nayer Raf Dewil Development of New Synthetic Protocols for the Generation of (Novel) Heterocyclic (Privileged) Scaffolds, Employing MCRs and Gold-Chemistry in a Tandem Fashion Abstract: Vlakke heterocyclische verbindingen zijn overvloedig aanwezig als sleutel fragmenten in alle levende organismen. Daarnaast worden ze gebruikt in diverse domeinen van de wetenschap, gaande van materiaal ontwikkeling tot medicijnen. In het domein van medicijn ontwikkeling zijn een goede selecttiviteit en geoptimaliseerde fysische en chemische eigenschappen van vitaal belang. Een belangrijke manier om dit te bereiken is het inbouwen van vlakke heterocyclische verbindingen. Hierdoor is de ontwikkeling van nieuwe vlakke heterocyclische verbindingen van cruciaal belang. Sommige van deze heterocyclische verbindingen zijn geidentificeerd als privileged structures. Een privileged structure is een basisstructuur die in verschillende medicijnen of natuurlijke producten gevonden wordt.een katalysator staat toe om reactie uit te voeren bij een lagere temperatuur in vergelijking met de reactie zonder katalsator. In de organische synthese kan het gebruik van een katalysator ookresulteren in nieuwe re Afdeling Moleculair Design en Synthese Erik Van der Eycken Felix Schröder Development of new synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds Abstract: Heterocyclic compounds constitute an important structural component of a diverse range of biologically active natural compounds and pharmaceuticals. Usually, such ring systems can be constructed by three distinct approaches viz. intramolecular cyclization, annulation and ring expansion.several elegant synthetic approaches for a diverse range of N-, O- and S-containing heterocyclic ring systems will be synthesized employing microwave-assisted techniques. It will be tried to use cheaper catalyst systems, and to obtain enhanced yields due to cleaner reactions. The different new molecules will be evaluated as pesticides. Afdeling Moleculair Design en Synthese Erik Van der Eycken Yaping Zhao Development of new synthetic blocks based on halogenated carbenes, iminium ylides and organoboron compunds and their applications in heterocyclic synthesis. Abstract: Biologie Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Kourosch ABBASPOUR TEHRANI Development of new small heterocyclic compounds with possible anti-biofilm activity. Abstract: Geen Nederlandstalig Abstract Afdeling Moleculair Design en Synthese Erik Van der Eycken Geert Hooyberghs Development of new methods for acoustic and elastic characterization for complex materials and structures Abstract: Research in the field of material and structure characterization has led to the development of several elaborated methods to determine acousticand elastic properties. Several challenges remain to be tackled. Due tohigh damping, state of the art methods for determining the elastic properties of rubbers and gels, and the elastic and Biot parameters of poroelastic foams, are limited to frequencies below a few kilohertz, leavingthe scientifically and technologically interesting higher (audio-) frequency range beyond the experimentally accessible window. In particular for studying the temperature dependence of the elastic parameters of materials exhibiting relaxation behaviour, there is a need for extension ofexisting or development of new experimental approaches. The combinationof multiple relaxations in block copolymer chains, together with a complex mesoscopic morphology, offers an exciting challenge to unravel the physics of an important class of soft porous materials. The complexity Afd. Fysica v Zachte Materie & Biofysica Christ Glorieux Nicolaas Bernardus Roozen Ludovic Labelle Development of New Hydrolytically Stable Peptidomimetics based on RPLQF-amide, for Evaluation as Broad Spectrum Anthelmintics Abstract: Problem: In the last few decades, the tremendous increase in resistance against anthelmintic compounds has become a main threat to public health and causes enormous economical losses in argriculture. About one third of the world population is suffering from the effects of intestinal nematode parasites, causing low growth-rates in infants, ill-thrift, diarrhea and even loss of life. Moreover, plant-parasitic nematodes constitute a major constraint to agriculture. In domestic animals, parasites cause serious loss of production and are a welfare concern. In both domesticanimals and now also in humans, the development of resistance against anthelmintic drugs necessitates the search for new compounds with alternative modes of action to control parasitic nematodes. In the face of thisresistance the development of novel and effective agents is an urgent and imperative need. Therefore, there is a high demand for new compoundswith alternative modes of action to control parasitic nematodes. Afdeling Moleculair Design en Synthese Erik Van der Eycken Development of new-advanced 3D analysis techniques and tools for optimisation of electromagnetic and electrochemical devices - Abstract: Electrotechniek energietechniek Elektrotechniek-Energietechniek JOHAN DECONINCK Development of multifunctional Flexible AntiBIofilm COATings for implants [FLAB ICOAT]. Abstract: In the past decade, implants have been developed that eliminate the needxation by cementation, as the use of bone cement is often detrimental fourrounding tissue and bone. Fixation of the implant is now achieved by feointegration, i.e. bone ingrowth into and/or through the implant materi latest implant generations have a tuned surface roughness and engineerece porosity, which is realised as a surface modification, surface coatinen a graded material structure. These new generations of cementless devie a surface layer which is rough and has an open interconnected porosity50 %, resulting in a higher risk of microbial biofilm-associated contamicompared to the classical pore-free surface roughened substrates. Biconsist of dense layers of microorganisms (in vivo often as a mixture ofacteria and fungi/yeasts) that are surrounded by an extracellularpolymex, and are resistant to most of the currently used antibiotics/antimycotreover, the few antibiotics/antimycotics that are active against micr Centr. Microbiële en Plantengenetica Jozef Vleugels Karin Thevissen Development of Low-fouling Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes (Ontwikkeling van low-fouling Dunne Film Nanocomposiet membranen) Abstract: The objective of this PhD project is to acquire a fundamental insight in the influence of nanoparticles added to a top layer of a polymeric membrane on the performance of the membrane in pressure driven filtration, mainly with respect to membrane fouling and enhancement of membrane performance. The concept for membrane synthesis that will be used is the development of Thin Film Nanocomposite (TFN) membranes, with a sublayer made of e.g., polyethersulfone to which a polyamide toplayer, reinforced with nanoparticles, is added. Several nanoparticle materials will be studied, with emphasis on TiO2. The aim is not only to show the effect of thenanoparticles on the membranes experimentally, but also to provide explanations for the shift in transport properties compared to conventional membranes. Afd. Procestechnologie v. Duurzame Syst. Bart Van der Bruggen Leen Braeken Ruixin Zhang Development of LDH-based fertiliser for controlled and slow release of phosphate in phosphate fixing soils. Abstract: Geen Nederlandstalig Abstract Centr. vr Oppervlaktechemie & Katalyse Dirk De Vos Maarten Everaert Development of hyphenated chromatographic and multiplexed electrophoretic platforms for the separation of complex bio-molecular and bio-therapeutic samples Abstract: Het project richt zich op de ontwikkeling van gekoppelde chromatografische en elektroforetische platformen voor de analyse van complexe bio-moleculaire mengsels. HPLC en SEC fracties worden daarbij opgevangen en nogmaals gescheiden door middel van multi-capillaire elektroforese systemen. De combinatie van chromatografische en van elektroforetische scheidingen laat toe om veel hogere scheidings-orthogonaliteiten te bekomen dan tot op heden het geval is door middel van?conventionele? LCxLC scheidingen. Vakgroep Organische chemie (WE) Frederic Lynen Development of gluten fiber reinforced gluten composites Abstract: In a first stage a method will be developed to spin gluten fibers. The properties of these fiber will be assessed by single fiber tensile testing. In a next stage composites based on a gluten matrix reinforced with the fibers of the first stage will be manufactured. The properties of various composite configurations will be tested by tensile and bending tests. In a last stage a hybrid composite system will be investigated. Afd. Soft Matter Reologie en Technologie Ignace Verpoest Peter Van Puyvelde Ward Janssens Development of Environmental Diagnostics based on Toxicogenomics and Bio-informatics. Abstract: Development of Environmental Diagnostics based on Toxicogenomics and Bio-informatics. ECOFYSIOLOGIE EN BIOCHEMIE Systemisch Fysiologisch en Ecotoxicologisch Onderzoek (SPHERE) Wim De Coen Development of Environmental Diagnostics based on Toxicogenomics and Bio-informatics. Abstract: Development of Environmental Diagnostics based on Toxicogenomics and Bio-informatics. ALGEBRA-MEETKUNDE/LABORATORIUM INTELLIGENTE SYSTEMEN Algebra, meetkunde en ISLAB Alain Verschoren Development of Belgian REDD Informations System Abstract: Dit project is gericht op het gebruik van de bestaande Belgische Remote Sensing en aanverwante kennis in een nieuw, maar brandend actueel toepassingsdomein: REDD (Reductie van Emissies door Ontbossing en Degradatie in ontwikkelingslanden). Vakgroep Geografie Jan Nyssen Development of an Integrated Method based on a Pellet Reactor and a Constructed Wetland for Phosphorus Recycling and Pathogen Removal Abstract: Geen Nederlandstalig Abstract Afd. Procestechnologie v. Duurzame Syst. Bart Van der Bruggen Luc Brendonck Robert Van Deun Anita Mukarugaika Rugaika Development of an innovative and improved membrane distillation concept Abstract: The potential of membrane distillation is mainly desalination of salt water, but other applications are also a possibility. Membrane distillation is a process based on a hydrophobic membrane with a stream of water with a different temperature on each side. Because this difference in temperature, there is a difference in vapor pressure and the water molecules transfer through the membrane from the high vapor pressure side to thelow vapor pressure side. Most membranes used for this application are commercial membranes not developed for this application. Therefore, this technique can be improved by synthesizing new membranes specific for this application. This improvement is necessary for membrane distillation to be competitive with other techniques like reverse osmosis, which have a few disadvantages compared to membrane distillation. The new membranesare tested in different operational modes and the characteristics of the membranes like thermal conductivity and porosity are determined. Afd. Procestechnologie v. Duurzame Syst. Bart Van der Bruggen Luc Pinoy Lies Eykens Development of a micro-array spotting system for DNA analysis (MICROSPOT) Universiteit Hasselt Abstract: Het voorstel maakt deel uit van de ontwikkeling van een nieuwe, elektronische methode om erfelijk materiaal (DNA) even betrouwbaar op afwijkingen te kunnen screenen als klassieke genetische technieken met optische uitlezing, maar dan op een duidelijk snellere en goedkopere manier. Op het IMO heeft men recent een platform voor een DNA sensor ontwikkeld op basis van synthetisch diamant dat voldoet aan alle vereisten (snel, goedkoop, gebruiksvriendelijk). Dit concept zal geïmplementeerd worden in een elektronisch DNA-array met minstens 400 afzonderlijke gevoelige spotjes die simultaan uitgelezen kunnen worden. Hierdoor kan men voldoende DNA-afwijkingen in kaart te brengen die aan de grondslag van een bepaald ziektebeeld liggen. Hiervoor zal een computergestuurde spotter machine ontwikkeld worden. Deze spotter machine moet in staat zijn om op een gecontroleerde manier minstens 400 mini spots met het te onderzoeken DNA aan te brengen op een diamantfilm van 2 cm X 2 cm. In een eerste stap zal enkelstrengig test-dna met bekende eigenschappen op synthetische diamantfilms worden geprint. In een tweede stap enkelstrengig DNA van een patiënt aan deze spots met test-dna toegevoegd voor hybridisatie. Hieruit zal blijken of de persoon bepaalde genetische kenmerken vertoont. Uit voorafgaand onderzoek [13] blijkt dat men via de elektronische aanpak zelfs puntmutaties kan detecteren. Deze minieme afwijkingen liggen aan de basis van talrijke ziektes en een verhoogde vatbaarheid voor multigene aandoeningen zoals kanker. Het gebruik van diamant heeft hierbij het grote voordeel dat de binding tussen het test-dna en de diamantfilms is zo sterk dat de sensor regenereerbaar is terwijl conventionele analyses slechts eenmalig bruikbaar zijn. Als voorbeeld zullen we DNA van PKUpatiënten toetsen aan de nieuwe DNA arrays die zowel het gezonde gen vertegenwoordigen als alle mogelijke variaties hierop. Hiervoor beschikt BIOMED over een DNA collectie van ruim patiënten met enkele honderden variaties aan mutatie-combinaties. Materiaalfysica Instituut voor Materiaalonderzoek Ronald THOELEN Development of a mesh-free Darwin model for magnetic reconnection studies Abstract: Proposed outline of the dissertation: i) development of a theoretical method for mesh free Darwin approximation to Maxwell equations; ii)development of a tree code based on the mesh free Darwin; iii) application of the code to selected problems in laser-plasma interactions, inertia fusion confinement, space and astrophysics; iv) comparison withfull pic ipic3d code; v) study of particle acceleration and phase space instabilities using the two approaches and using trace particles; vi) relativistic effects. Afdeling Plasma-astrofysica Giovanni Lapenta Lorenzo Siddi Development of all-optical techniques for investigating heat transport down to nanoscale with nanosecond time resolution. Abstract: 1. Heat transport around nanoparticles We aim to study the local thermal diffusion around the individual nanoparticles, which is induced by impulsive heating due to optical absorption by the nanoparticles of pump laser pulse light. Experimentally, we propose to develop three different all-optical experimental set-ups to monitor the time dependent scattering on very short timescales (10 ns) on the basis of impulsive stimulated scattering (ISS) and stroboscopic spectroscopy techniques. A theoreticalmodel to characterize the dynamically changing temperature field aroundnanoparticles suspended in a fluid will be developed, and merged with amodel describing the optical scatter
