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Review ofForensic Medicine Seventh EditionReview ofForensic Medicine Seventh EditionDr. Sumit Seth MBBS (MAMC), MD (LHMC) INDIAN FOREIGN SERVICE Ex-Senior Resident Department of Forensic Medicine Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Smt. Sucheta Kriplani and Kalawati Saran Hospital New DelhiPEEPEE PUBLISHERS AND DISTRIBUTORS (P) LTD.®Review of Forensic MedicinePublished by Pawaninder P. Vij and Anupam Vij Peepee Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd. Head Office: 160, Shakti Vihar, Pitam Pura Delhi-110 034 (India) Correspondence Address: 7/31, First Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi-110 002 (India) Ph: 65195868, 23246245, 9811156083 e-mail:
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[email protected] www.peepeepub.comŠ 2018 by Peepee Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, translated, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by authors/contributors is original. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but publisher and printer will not be held responsible for any inadvertent errors. In case of any dispute, all legal matters to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.First Edition: 2005 Seventh Edition: 2018ISBN: 978-81-8445-244-0In memory of my dad, the late Sh. Satish Kumar Seth, who taught me the virtues of staying ahead of time and standing up against conventional wisdomRead Less, Study More – But How ? Introduction: The purpose of this book is to equip students with a robust study technique called Retro-Analysis. Retro-Analysis ensures active learning and builds up “cognitive muscles” that help students separate confuzers (incorrect choices that resemble the correct answers) from correct answers, thereby providing the fundamental skills required for passing any multiple choice exam. The One-Two-One Sandwich Regime: The best way to study this book, or any subject, is to follow this highly-rewarding study regime, where Retro-Analysis plays a central role. A student should study each topic, chapter, or module in three stages, creating a “sandwich” formation in terms of assigned time, where the ratio presents the sequence 1 : 2 : 1 for steps I, II and III, as described below: I.First Stage: Anterograde Reading – a first sequential reading of the text.II.Second Stage: Retrograde Analysis* (see below).III.Third Stage: Speed Revision – reading the text again, along with your own handwritten/highlighted annotations.For example, if it takes one hour of anterograde reading to cover a chapter, that first reading should be followed by two hours of retroanalysis of that chapter, followed further by a speed revision for one hour. This is known as One-Two-One Sandwich Regime. What is Retro-Analysis? Retro-Analysis is a reverse study technique, used not only for finding the correct answer, but also for understanding why the other three choices are wrong. This study technique involves adding handwritten annotations to the text to help create Concept Maps. Using MCQs as a yardstick, this means solving MCQs not by looking at the key but by actively seeking the correct answer. This is facilitated by reverse studying of the text of this book and any textbooks studied for graduation. [Statutory Warning: The key given in the book has some deliberate! typos, so don’t rely on it!] Remember that the more closely the confuzer resembles the real answer, the slipperier! the MCQ, becomes. Advantages of Retro-Analysis: (1)Active learning;(2)High retention and recall;(3)Development of time-saving confuzer-spotting skills;(4)Crystallising concept maps for long term memory vault;(5)Prevention of careless errors in exams.Conclusion: Once this Sandwich Study Regime becomes second nature, students will tread the path of great insight and gain decisive advantage vis-a-vis candidates who continue to Read More but Study Less. This is the Game-Changing Mantra, and I share it with you ::: Read Less, Study More.Sumit Seth e-mail:
[email protected] @MedForensic /ReviewFMTPrologue A bunch of class notes, scribbled in a manner which even trained pharmacists – accustomed to reading doctors’ illegible handwriting – would find difficult to decipher, turned into a book, in 2004. The book was initially written off by some purists. Nonetheless, I wrote it as a labour of love. I was convinced that students needed a book like that. From the unassuming beginning of its first print, the book now has reached its seventh edition – spanning more than 14 years – and I’m humbled to discover that #RoFM has become a bestseller among books on Forensic Medicine on various online platforms. I’ve revised the seventh edition with a deep sense of gratitude and responsibility. Along with some addons, I’ve written a new chapter, ‘The Forensic Imaginarium’, in sync with the latest exam pattern of giving emphasis to images. Some portions of a few chapters have been rewritten, and newer concepts have been included. The chapter ‘The Forensic Name Game’ captures the overarching theme of the book – Read Less, Study More. Well, in spite of my best efforts, I couldn’t prevent the book from gaining a few extra pounds! This book, RoFM, will help students understand and remember the important ‘must knows’ of Forensic Medicine. The focus is on assisting students grappling with information overload plus a need for rapid revision. With these ideas deliberated on, RoFM will help students grasp the essential areas of Forensic Medicine with ease. Please remember that #RoFM is NOT a textbook but an enzyme! with the singular aim of helping the content - from prescribed textbooks of Forensic Medicine – sift through a barrier normally difficult to cross, i.e., the Blood-Brain Barrier.viii Review of Forensic Medicine I’ve used my vast experience as a student and intensive knowledge as a teacher to ensure that the book ends up being ‘reader friendly’. I have made my best effort to make this book complete yet concise. I request all readers to share your valuable suggestions for further improvement. In times when most books are written with ‘the subject’ in mind, I’ve written this book with ‘the student’ in mind. I’m acutely aware that ‘a good book cannot replace a good teacher’. I’ll keep tweeting and updating the FB page and interacting with you using the hashtag #RoFM, so that you don’t miss out anything new and I can continue with my favourite hobby. In full disclosure, Forensic Medicine is no longer my active profession but a delightful avocation.Sumit Seth e-mail:
[email protected] @MedForensic /ReviewFMTReview of Forensic Medicine ixAcknowledgements To my respected guide Dr GK Sharma, Director Prof, Forensic Medicine, Ex-Principal and Medical Superintendent, Lady Hardinge Medical College, who has inspired me with his in-depth knowledge of the subject and his magnanimous personality. I’ll always be indebted to him. To my teachers Dr Atul Murari and Dr Yashoda Rani who showed me the right way in life and taught me the intricacies of this subject. To all my colleagues for their help and cooperation in preparing the book. To all my friends, especially Dr Sumer Kumar Sethi (Radiologist) and Dr Vineet Malik (Cardiologist), for pushing me to take up this project and persevere with it. Dr Syeda Afshan, who read the previous edition with a magnifying glass! and sent me a list of errata, making the current edition typo free–almost! Mr Pawaninder P Vij and Mr Anupam Vij (Publishers), without whose cooperation this book would never have been possible. To my students of Lady Hardinge Medical College (Hardonians), who showed faith in my ability as a teacher and constantly ‘troubled me’ with their never-ending queries. To my virtual students on Twitter, Facebook and Whatsapp!, all credits to them for keeping me and the knowledge of Forensic Medicine, on my fingertips – in this era of touch screen.x Review of Forensic Medicine Special thanks to my younger brother, Amit, for letting me use the computer more than my fair share while I was writing the first edition (Those days, we had only one heavyweight desktop). To my beloved wife, Tanu, for her love and support and also to our sons Shreshth and Saksham for providing a new meaning to our lives and especially for asking me numerous questions about Forensic Medicine and my book. An example: “Why is there no digital edition of your book available, papa?” Hmm! Above all, to my mother, Smt. Urmil Seth. What I’ve achieved is the outcome of her unconditional love and blessings.Review of Forensic Medicine xiContents 1. Identification ................................................ 1 MCQs ............................. 31 2. Thanatology–Taphonomy .......................... 42 MCQs ............................. 65 3. Injuries and Its Medicolegal Importance ................................................. 76 MCQs ........................... 104 4. Violent Asphyxial Deaths ........................ 117 MCQs ........................... 133 5. Medicolegal Aspects: Sexual Offences ....................................... 142 MCQs ........................... 157 6. Infanticide is Murder ................................ 162 MCQs ........................... 167 7. Thermal Injuries ....................................... 172 MCQs ........................... 183 8. Forensic Psychiatry .................................. 185 MCQs ........................... 192 9. Starvation ................................................. 196 MCQs ........................... 197 10. Biological Evidence ................................. 198 MCQs ........................... 204 11. Impotence, Sterility and MTP ................. 206 MCQs ........................... 213 12. Toxicology ................................................ 217 MCQs ........................... 281xii Review of Forensic Medicine 13. Medicolegal Procedures ......................... 314 MCQs ........................... 323 14. Medical Jurisprudence ............................ 331 MCQs ........................... 344 15. Medicolegally Important Sections/Acts ............................................ 349 16. Questions vs. Concepts ............................ 356 17. The Forensic Name Game ...................... 407 18. The Forensic Imaginarium* ..................... 413 Epilogue .................................................... 417
