Skill Lab Fk Usu - Pemeriksaan Refleks Primitif Pada Anak

Transcript

  PRIMITIVE REFLEXES  Rooting Reaction  ONSET: Begins 28 weeks gestation  INTEGRATION: 2-3 months  POSITION: Place child supine with head in midline and the hands on the chest.  PROCEDURE: Using your finger, stroke the perioral skin at the corner of the mouth, moving laterally toward the cheek, upper lip and the lower lip, in turn.  RESPONSE: After stimulation of the corners of the mouth, there is a directed head turning toward the stimulated side. Stimulation of the upper lip produces opening of the mouth and retro flexion of the head. Stimulation of lower lip produces mouth opening and ventro flexion of the head. In all instances the infant tries to suck the stimulating finger.  DEVELOPMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE:  Absent in depressed babies, particularly those depressed by barbiturates.  Turning away from the stimulus will occur in satiated babies.  Asymmetry can indicate insult to one side of the brain, or facial injury.  Can be facilitated by placing infant in feeding position before stimulating.  Rooting Reaction  Sucking  ONSET: Begins 28 weeks gestation  INTEGRATION: 2-5 months  POSITION: Place child supine with head in the midline, hands on the chest.  PROCEDURE: Place a finger or nipple into the infant’s mouth.    RESPONSE: Rhythmical sucking movements.  DEVELOPMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE:  Poor sucking (weak, slow, with short periods) is found in apathetic babies. Suck may even be absent.  Barbiturates seem to depress sucking. (Breast-fed baby whose mother is receiving drugs may be affected.)  Sucking is often less intense and less regular during first few days.  Satisfied babies will show weak suck. Hungry babies will suck initially, cry to non-nutritive stimulus.  Failure to obtain is early indicator of CNS dysfunction.  Persistence beyond 5 months is often seen in children with oral-motor dysfunction.