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May 2005 Process Industry PracticesStructural PIP STE03020Guidelines for Tank Foundation Designs PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICESIn an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing thesetechnical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, andengineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. Whilethis Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users,individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineeringsituations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. Theuse of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having thesame specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. AllPractices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws andregulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelinesshould conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice.This Practice is subject to revision at any time by the responsible Function Team andwill be reviewed every 5 years. This Practice will be revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn.Information on whether this Practice has been revised may be found at www.pip.org.© Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, TheUniversity of Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane (R4500), Austin,Texas 78759. PIP member companies and subscribers may copy this Practicefor their internal use. Changes, overlays, addenda, or modifications of anykind are not permitted within any PIP Practice without the express writtenauthorization of PIP.PIP will not consider requests for interpretations (inquiries) for this Practice. Not printed with State funds May 2005 Process Industry PracticesPage 1 of 81 Process Industry PracticesStructural PIP STE03020Guidelines for Tank Foundation Designs Table of Contents1. Introduction..................................2 1.1Purpose.............................................21.2Scope.................................................2 2. References....................................2 2.1Process Industry Practices................22.2Industry Codes and Standards..........22.3Other References..............................3 3. Definitions....................................34. General Design Considerations.3 4.1Differential Settlement Tank BottomDesigns..............................................34.2Load Types and Applications.............54.3Foundation Type Selection................7 5. Foundation Types DesignConfigurations..........................11 5.1Concrete Ringwall............................115.2Crushed Stone Ringwall..................125.3Concrete Slab Foundation...............125.4Compacted Granular FillFoundation.......................................125.5Pile-Supported ConcreteFoundation.......................................135.6Ringwall Foundation DesignProcedures......................................14 6. Special Design Considerations21 6.1 API 650 Tolerances.........................216.2Bottom Support Pad........................226.3Hot Tanks........................................246.4Small Tanks.....................................316.5Berms and Gutters..........................336.6Grounding and Cathodic Protection.336.7Secondary Containment and LeakDetection Systems...........................336.8Tank Settlement..............................35 7. Tank Hydrotest...........................45Appendix A - Ringwall FoundationDesign Examples.....................47 Example 1 – El Segundo, California........48Final Design – Example 1........................52Example 2 – Corpus Christi, Texas.........53Final Design – Example 2........................56 Appendix B – Hot Tanks...............57Appendix C – Tank Settlement.....69 PIP STE03020 Guidelines for Tank Foundation DesignsMay 2005 Page 2 of 81Process Industry Practices 1.Introduction 1.1Purpose This Practice provides guidance for the design of tank foundations. 1.2Scope This Practice describes the guidelines for design and construction of non-refrigerated, aboveground storage tank foundations. Applicable industryspecifications are referenced, and the data required to determine the most appropriatefoundation for a tank are presented. In addition, this Practice addresses tank foundations preferred for the different types of soil conditions. This Practice alsoincludes information on settlement and releveling and provides procedures to addressthese issues. 2.References Applicable parts of the following Practices, industry codes and standards, and referencesshall be considered an integral part of this Practice. The edition in effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as otherwise noted. Short titles will be used hereinwhere appropriate. 2.1Process Industry Practices (PIP) –PIP CVS02010 - Geotechnical Engineering Investigation Specification –PIP STC01015 - Structural Design Criteria –PIP STE05121 - Anchor Bolt Design Guide –PIP STS03001 - Plain and Reinforced Concrete Specification –PIP VECTA001 - Tank Selection Guide –PIP VESTA002 - Atmospheric Storage Tank Specification (in Accordance with API Standard 650 ) –PIP VEDTA003 - Atmospheric Storage Tank Data Sheet and Instructions (in Accordance with API Standard 650) 2.2Industry Codes and Standards ã American Concrete Institute (ACI) –ACI 201.2R-01 - Guide to Durable Concrete –ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete –ACI 350R - Environmental Engineering Concrete Structures ã American Petroleum Institute (API) – API 650 - Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage (including Appendices B, E, F,and I) – API 653 - Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction
